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Možnosti fyzioterapie funkčních poruch pohybového aparátu při vybraném bojovém sportu - taekwondo
PRÁŠILOVÁ, Zuzana
The topic of this bachelor thesis is functional disorders of the musculoskeletal system in athletes involved in the sport of taekwondo and subsequently the possibilities of therapy of these disorders. Taekwondo is classified as a full-contact combat sport. Due to the full-contact nature of this sport and the nature of the training, the risk of both structural and functional disorders must be considered, which are much more common. This is mainly caused by frequent and also prolonged overloading associated with incorrect movement stereotypes. a significant role is represented by the involvement of the deep stabilization system during movement activity and muscle looping. In the field of functional musculoskeletal disorders located in the joints, hypermobility caused by the need to maximise the range of the lower limbs is of the greatest importance. These disturbances manifest themselves in the form of trigger points, tender points, hyperalgesic skin zones, muscle spasms and functional blockages. The physiotherapy options for these disorders are very diverse. Here I have described the soft tissue techniques that are very commonly used, breathing rehabilitation, postisometric relaxation, and follow-up self-therapy. Physical therapy is also mentioned, but not used in this paper, although it is commonly included in the treatment of functional disorders. The practical part of the thesis consists of three case studies in the form of qualitative research. all probands are female, aged between 15 and 27 years. Each of them has been involved in the sport of taekwondo for a long time and competitively. a total of ten sessions were conducted between January 2022 and March 2022. Each proband underwent an initial and an exit examination and two posturograph examinations three months apart. In addition, the thesis includes a designed practice unit for the probands, which serves as material for home practice.
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Possibilities of influencing postural stability in sports training of judokas
VACOVÁ, Anna
This thesis deals with postural stability in the sports training of judokas and the possible ways by which it can be influenced. The aim of the bachelor's thesis was to include a kinesiotherapy intervention using elements for improving postural stability in the sports training of judokas and to evaluate its effectiveness, while another aim was to measure postural stability of standing on one lower limb. The theoretical part summarizes information about the postural system, postural functions, central motor control, judo and describes the methods that inspired the exercise unit. In the practical part, there are case studies of four probands from the sports club TJ Sokol Centropen Dačice. The key part was to perform an examination on the NeuroCom posturography device. Part of the thesis is a sample of selected elements that were used during the research. The results of the examination show that these young judokas have faulty posture and muscle shortening, as well as poor postural functions and insufficient stabilizing function of the lower limb. When comparing the entrance and exit examination, which followed the end of the three-month research, there was no significant difference. However, there was an improvement in certain aspects, which may be related to the inclusion of the given elements. This work could serve as educational material for judo coaches and an inspiration for creating a training plan.
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Changes in selected postural stability tests in hemiparetic patients after botulinum toxin application
ZEMANOVÁ, Lucie
The subject of this bachelor thesis is to compare changes in selected clinical and posturographic tests of postural stability, before and after application of botulinum toxin A to selected lower limb muscles in patients with spastic hemiparesis. The theoretical part deals with the introduction of general information related to posture, such as clinical tests of postural stability, their significance and use, as well as the issue of falls. The next part concerns spastic paresis, its origin, causes, consequences and also clinical scales that evaluate spasticity. The last theoretical part summarize the treatment options of spastic paresis. The practical part describes in detail the kinesiological analyzes of patients and the results of clinical and posturographic tests. Functional Reach Test, Timed Up and Go and Mini BESTest were selected from the clinical trials. Within the posturography, the Weight Bearing Squat test, Modified CTSIB and Limits of Stability were selected. The overall results of this research were not entirely clear, as the individual tests focus on different aspects of postural stability. Some tests were better after botulinum toxin application and some of them before botulinum toxin application. However, impairment of postural stability was in relation to the hemiparetic half of the body. Research has also shown that vision is a key aspect of postural stability in hemiparetic patients. This research could serve as inspiration in the treatment of postural stability not only in hemiparetics, but also in stability disorders in general.
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Vestibular and postural biomarkers in spinocerebellar ataxias and peripheral vestibular lesions
Danková, Michaela ; Jeřábek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Roth, Jan (referee) ; Sivák, Štefan (referee)
Vestibular and postural biomarkers in spinocerebellar ataxias and peripheral vestibular lesions Abstract Vestibular dysfunction can be a part of clinical impairment in spinocerebellar ataxias. Together with cerebellar symptoms, it can lead to imbalance and also to impairment of dynamic visual acuity (DVA) in these patients. The aim of the work was to objectify the involvement of the vestibulo-ocular reflex in patients with SCA using modern diagnostic methods. At first the innovative method of video head impulse test (vHIT) was introduced in patients after vestibular schwannoma surgery, in whom a clearly defined vestibular impairment is present. We investigated DVA in SCA patients, the degree of the DVA impairment correlated proportionally with the impairment of vestibular function measured by vHIT. The best predictive values for DVA impairment were obtained by using a model that combined impairment of vestibulo-ocular reflex measured by vHIT and degree of cerebellar dysfunction according to SARA (scale for assessment and rating of ataxia). The research also aimed at the verification of postural stability disorders in patients with SCA using posturography. Standard posturographic parameters (area, sway path and mean velocity of Centre of foot Pressure - CoP) did not allow to distinguish between individual...
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Effect of deep foot massage on postural stability in patients with spinocerebellar ataxia
Hlaváčková, Tereza ; Pospíšilová, Mariana (advisor) ; Čech, Zdeněk (referee)
Introduction: Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) is currently defined as a group of diseases with progressive cerebellar syndrome, which manifests distinctively by ataxic stance and gait. In patients with SCA, deterioration of postural control occurs due to changes of pathophysiological degenerative nervous system. Control of postural stability is significantly influenced by somatosensory afferentation of soft tissue of foot. The work objective is to determine the effect of deep foot massage on postural stability in the group of patients and to compare obtained results with experiments without deep foot massage. Methods: Seven patients of the Clinic Rehabilitation at the Faculty Hospital, Prague Motol (average age 51.9 ± 13.9 years, 5 men, and 2 women) with SCA and clinical signs of cerebellar ataxia were participated in this study. All patients were examined using posturography before and after application of deep foot massage. Measurements were conducted on a firm surface, foam pad with open and closed eyes. Length of COP trajectory, COP area and COP velocity were measured. Results: Significantly lower values of the length and COP velocity were found on the foam pad with closed eyes, when the deep foot massage was applied. Experiments without applications of the deep foot massage did not show any...
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The effekct of one training of postural stability in patiens with spinocerebellar ataxia
Filipovičová, Jana ; Pospíšilová, Mariana (advisor) ; Jevič, Filip (referee)
We followed the immediate effect of sensorimotor training on postural stability in patients with spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA). We have tried to explain the possible mechanisms of adaptation to change COP, motor learning and neuroplasticity in the field of neurodegenerative changes in the cerebellum. Research Methods: A total of 10 patients with spinocerebellar ataxia (6 men, 4 women) aged 34-71 years, with an average disease duration of 11.6 years participated in the measurement of postural stability. First, we measured the patients with SCA before and after a 15-minute sensorimotor-training exercise, then this group underwent another day of the same measurement without sensorimotor training. As a second control group of 10 healthy subjects served a similar age, who also underwent sensorimotor training. Then we compared the results of posturographic measurement. Results: In the group of SCA patients, sensorimotor training was found significantly lower values in the monitored parameters LENGTH (t stat = 3,537731 > t krit = 2,262157), VELOCITY (t stat = 3,537731 > t krit = 2,262157) and energy to sustain COP (t stat = 2,715085 > t krit = 2,262157), measured on a foam pad with eyes closed. Measurement without making sensorimotor training produced no significant improvement in the results of monitored...
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Using biofeedback for patient with non-specific low back pain
Prokůpková, Eva ; Čakrt, Ondřej (advisor) ; Černý, Rudolf (referee)
The Diploma thesis titled "Using biofeedback for patients with non-specific low back pain" in theoretic part gives basic information about motor learning, biofeedback, low back pain and postural stability. In the research part, it deals with influence of postural stability- focused therapy (performed on Nintendo Wii Fit Plus device) on low back pain and postural stability. The work also deals with influence of added feedback on reduction low back pain, postural stability and realizing intrinsic feedback. We demonstrate that this therapy reduced low back pain but has no significant influence on postural stability. We also demonstrate that added feedback has positive effect on persistence of pain and affective part of the Short Form of McGill Pain Questionary, but it does not influence postural stability. On the contrary, absence of added feedback significantly influenced the postural stability. The added feedback does not influence awareness intrinsic feedback.
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Postural stability in adults with Down syndrome
Ležíková, Marie ; Daďová, Klára (advisor) ; Hráský, Pavel (referee)
Title: Postural Stability in Adults with Down Syndrome Objectives: The goal of the thesis was to compare postural stability in individuals with Down syndrome and the control group comprising of healthy individuals, and to compare postural stability in adult men with Down syndrome and adult women with Down syndrome. Methods: The empirical part of the thesis was based on data collected from a pressure sensing platform MobileMat 3140 by Tekscan. The study was made up of 52 probands (30 men and 22 women). The probands were separated into the experimental and the control group based on their Down syndrome diagnosis. The experimental group consisted of 11 men and 15 women, with the average age being 38,4 ± 8,7 years, the average height 156 ± 7,2 cm, and the average weight 75,1 ± 16,2 kg. Similarly, the control group consisted of 11 men and 15 women, with the average age being 38,8 ± 9,2 years, the average height 175 ± 10,1 cm, and the average weight 78,9 ± 14,5 kg. The participants were measured in four modifications of the bipedal stance: wide base of support with the eyes open; wide base of support with the eyes closed; narrow base of support with the eyes open; narrow base of support with the eyes closed. Each measuring session took 30 seconds. Results: Six parameters of postural stability were...
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Effect of cognitive task in postural sway of patiens with phobic postural vertigo
Urbanová, Lucie ; Čakrt, Ondřej (advisor) ; Truc, Michal (referee)
Diploma thesis "Effect of cognitive task in postural sway of patiens with phobic postural vertigo" in its theoretical part discusses physiology of balance system, its disorders and summarizes knowledge of phobic postural vertigo. In experimental section we analyzed postural stability of 5 patients with phobic postural vertigo, 5 patients with structural lesion of vestibular system and 5 healthy subjects with posturography during normal stence and while performing cognitive tasks - "Contact test", Verbal Fluency task and modified Stroop test. The goal of this study was to find out whether postural stability of subjects differs while performing cognitive tasks in comparison with normal stance. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The influence of unilateral vestibular dysfunction on spatial orientation in patients after vestibular schwannoma surgery
Šponarová, Lenka ; Čakrt, Ondřej (advisor) ; Chovanec, Martin (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to evaluate spatial orientation in the patients after vestibular schwannoma surgery. In the theoretical part, there are summarized the facts about vestibular system; there is described the clinical picture of unilateral vestibular dysfunction and the field of vestibular schwannoma and spatial orientation in general. In the practical part, we performed the investigation of the spatial orientation using the Blue Velvet Arena System and posturography using the platform Balance Master® System. The purpose of the practical part was to find out, whether unilateral vestibular dysfunction in patients after vestibular schwannoma surgery has the impact on spatial orientation and to what extent is the postural stability influenced in patients identified for surgery and in patients after vestibular schwannoma surgery. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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