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Difference calculus and difference equations
Bukotin, Denys ; Opluštil, Zdeněk (referee) ; Řehák, Pavel (advisor)
This thesis deals with application of difference equations for describing real processes. The aim of this work is to show the applicability of this kind of equations for solving some problems. We define some concepts of difference calculus, theory of difference equations and stability theory, also we show some similarities with theory of differential equations. Then we investigate a particular mathematical model and the behavior of its solutions. We examine Nicholson-Bailey model, as an example of population models and we show that difference equations are a useful tool for describing real processes.
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Continuous and discrete models of population biology
Fedorková, Lucie ; Tomášek, Petr (referee) ; Čermák, Jan (advisor)
This thesis analyzes the continuous and discrete logistic model of a single-species population. For both of these models, there are discussed problems of equilibria, their stability and behaviour of the solutions for different initial conditions. In the case of the discrete model, the periodic behaviour of solutions is discussed in detail with respect to change of a parameter characterizing growth of the investigated population. The chaotic behaviour of solutions is mentioned as well. The graphic interpretations of each of the problems are performed using the software MATLAB. The calculations are checked via the software Maple.
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Stabilization methods for unstable solutions of the discrete logistic equation
Fedorková, Lucie ; Tomášek, Petr (referee) ; Čermák, Jan (advisor)
Diplomová práce pojednává o stabilizaci diskrétního logistického modelu pomocí několika řídících metod. Je zde provedena především stabilizace rovnováh, 2-periodických cyklů a 3-periodických cyklů. Ke stabilizaci systému je využito proporčního zpětně-vazebního řízení, zpětně-vazebního řízení s časovým zpožděním a řízení založeného na predikci. U každé metody je diskutovaná stabilizační množina pro řídící zesilovač spolu s oblastmi stability pro odpovídající kontrolovaná řešení. Všechny teoretické výsledky jsou ilustrovány grafickými interpretacemi v softwaru MATLAB. Podpůrné výpočty jsou provedeny pomocí softwaru Maple.
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Properties of sequence spaces and their applications in the theory of nonlinear difference equations
Kosík, Jindřich ; Šremr, Jiří (referee) ; Řehák, Pavel (advisor)
The goal of this thesis is a detailed elaboration on apparatus of functional analysis for study of qualitative properties of solutions of difference equations and its application for analysis of a specific nonlinear difference equation. The thesis includes detailed analysis of some properties of sequence spaces, discrete versions of Levi's monotone convergence theorem and Lebesgue's dominated convergence theorem and criteria for relative compactness of sequence spaces. Theoretical apparatus is completed with fixed point theorems. Introduced mathematical instruments are later used for study of a concrete nonlinear difference equation.
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