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Molecular Basis of Hereditary Hyperuricaemic Nephropathies
Vyleťal, Petr ; Kmoch, Stanislav (advisor) ; Viklický, Ondřej (referee) ; Jirsa, Milan (referee)
Familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy (FJHN) and medullary cystic kidney disease type 1 (MCKD1) and type 2 (MCKD2) are autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial nephropathies characterized by combinations of hyperuricaemia, gouty arthritis, progressive renal insufficiency, and in some but not all families, medullary cysts. The phenotypic expression of these diseases is inconsistent, overlaps and indicates broader genetic and allelic heterogeneity. Their pathophysiology was mainly unknown. Previous studies localized FJHN/MCKD genes to chromosomes 16p11 and 1q21. This thesis was primarily aimed at identification of molecular bases and mechanisms underlying FJHN/MCKD. To follow this aim, we focused on collection and characterization of FJHN/MCKD patients and families, identification of disease causing genes in affected families, characterisation of identified proteins and their mutated forms and the isolation and characterisation of interacting partners of newly identified proteins. We employed and established numerous molecular genetic, molecular biological and biochemical methods. We gathered one of the largest sets of families with FJHN/MCKD in the world. In about 26% of families we identified UMOD (uromodulin encoding) gene mutations and characterised by various approaches 6 uromodulin mutant proteins....
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Current attitude of adolescents towards motherhood and parenthood
Boučková, Jitka ; Horáková Hoskovcová, Simona (referee) ; Šulová, Lenka (advisor)
knowledge on current attitudes of adolescent population towards motherhood and parenthood as it is, from my point of view, a very current and interesting topic. The theoretical part is focused in details on the evolutionary period of adolescence and its basic characteristics. The paper concentrates mainly on the socialization and influences that affect the formation of the personality and attitudes of an individual during the evolutionary process. I also paid attention to the general issue of creation and change of attitudes. I focused on the family, its function and importance for the development of the individual and on motherhood and parenthood, its biological and psychological aspects. The aim of my work was to monitor the current attitudes of adolescents towards motherhood and parenthood and point out factors that contribute to the formation of these attitudes. I focused on finding possible dependence between the attitude towards motherhood and parenthood and gender, the prevailing educational method in the family and different family backgrounds (complete, incomplete and integrated family).
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The anti-inflammatory effects of natural and synthetic triterpenoid coumpounds.
Spáčilová, Pavla ; Hajdúch, Marián (advisor) ; Džubák, Petr (referee)
The thesis is focused on in vitro testing of biological activities related to inflammation, such as inhibition of nitric oxide production and inhibition of reactive oxygen species formation in activated cells. 65 triterpenoid derivatives were tested in experimental section of the thesis for nitric oxide sythesis inhibition in B10R cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. 15 compounds showed terapeutic index value higher than 4, including three compounds which showed IC50 value lower than 10 μmol/l. 115 triterpenoid compounds were tested for inhibition of reactive oxygen species formation in RAW 264.7 cells stimulated with opsonized zymosan. Two compounds showed IC50 value lower than 10 μmol/l. None of 115 tested compounds showed NO·-scavenging activity. Four compounds showed a moderate O2-·-scavenging activity. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Preparation of Quaternary ammonium salts of triterpenoids
Biedermann, David ; Šarek, Jan (advisor) ; Klinot, Jiří (referee) ; Drašar, Pavel (referee) ; Kasal, Alexander (referee)
) Conclusion CONCLUSIONS This doctoral thesis was focused onto the synthesis if new quaternary ammonium salts oÍ. triterpenoids Ířom lupane, oleanane and ursane family for in vilro assessment of ťollowing biological activities: anti-HIV, antimicrobial, antiinflammatory and cýotoxic. Results are summed up in Íbllowing points: 1' Author co-operated pilot project of industrial isolation of betulin (1a) from approximately 400 kg of birch bark. Futhermore, research of side products and optimisation of preparation of bromoethyl-esters triterpenic acids was concluded. 2' Precursors for preparation of quaternary ammonium esters, bromoethyl-esters 2a, 3f, 3i, l1b, I2b, 14a,15a, and chloroethyl-ester 39, were slmthesised. 3' Six series of compounds, each consisting of three quaternary salts and one tertiary amine, were synthesised from betulinic acid (1b), oleanolic acid (1c), ursolic acid (1c), oxoac id, 3e, platanic acid (11a) a dihydrobetulinic acid (12a). Experimetal procedures are suitable for bulk syntheses. other quaternary salts of triterpenoids were also prepared. 4. oxoacid 3e was derivatised to yield group of heterocyclic hydrochlorides 6a, 6b,ód' 6f and group of heterocyclic salts 6c,6e,69. 5. All new cornpound s were assesed in vitro for cýotoxic activity against T-lymfoblatic leukemia CEM in research...
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Analytical methods for the quantitative determination of statins in biological samples based on HPLC and GS
Kotlíková, Olga ; Šatínský, Dalibor (advisor) ; Nováková, Lucie (referee)
Analytical methods for the quantitative determination of statins in biological samples based on HPLC and GC Olga Kotlíková Abstract The aim of the present study was to review published analytical methods for the quantitative determinations of presently avalaible four 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors ( statins ), atorvastatin, simvastatin, lovastatin and fluvastatin, for therapeutic drug monitoring purpose. Almost all assay reviewed are based on either high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or gas chromatography (GC). HPLC is the most popular method of the two. Most often a mass detector and a UV detector, in case of fluvastatin a fluorescence detector have been used. Moreover, some derivatization procedures have been used to decrease sensitivity in some of the assay. HPLC-mass spectrometry (MS) assays offer improved sensitivity and selectivity but are not available for most laboratories. Besides, study on the stability of statins existing in solution with their lactone equilibrium products in a pH- dependent manner is included. This review shows that most method allow quantitative determination of statins in plasma or serum, in the ng/ml range, therefore they are suitable for therapeutic drug monitoring purpose of this category drugs. But still there is neccessity to...
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Cloning, expression and characterization of recombinant growth factors
Svoboda, Ondřej ; Živný, Jan (referee) ; Bartůněk, Petr (advisor)
Cloning, expression and characterization of recombinant growth factors The role of growth factors and cytokines to regulate a variety of biological processes is ever increasing. Many studies have illustrated that this diverse group of proteins are capable of stimulating cellular growth, proliferation, survival, and cellular differentiation. This thesis mainly focuses on the cytokine interleukin-6 and its specific receptor (IL-6R). The IL-6R protein has been shown to exist as both a membrane-bound and soluble form. The soluble form of IL-6R (sIL-6R) signals via a mechanism called "transsignaling" that involves the receptor associating extracellularly with its ligand IL-6 to generate an IL-6/sIL- 6R agonistic complex. This complex subsequently binds directly to another IL-6 receptor, gp130 that in turn activates it to augment a specific response. It is known that the formation of the IL-6/sIL-6R complex can be greatly enhanced by converting it into a single molecule, called Hyper-IL-6. This fusion protein consists of a sIL- 6R located at the N-terminus and IL-6 at the C-terminus separated by a flexible linker sequence. It was more than ten years since human Hyper-IL-6 was first described and since then, this molecule has proven to be an ...
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Specifics of biological assets in an accounting in a czech agricultural enterprise
Rybářová, Petra ; Dvořáková, Dana (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is about biological assets. The primary objective is to create the comprehensive view regarding specifics of evaluation and accounting of biological assets in a czech agricultural enterprise. Specifics are based on biological character of agricultural production and other features of enterpreneurial activity in agriculture. The bachelor thesis is divided into three main sections. Current biological assets and long-term biological assets wchich are subdivided into animal and crop production are contents of the first and the second section. The third section contains the practical illustration of evaluation and accounting of the animal production in one of czech agricultural enterprises.
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Vegetable production accounting
Vaníčková, Lucie ; Dvořáková, Dana (advisor)
The bachelor thesis focuses on vegetable production accounting. The thesis is divided into two parts - a theoretical and practical one. In the theoretical part we deal with a classification of biological assets in vegetable production, their assessing and bookkeeping in the Czech Republic. The IAS 41 - Agriculture is explicated in a separate chapter. The practical part of this bachelor thesis concentrates on the application of knowledge mentioned in the theoretical part. We analyse practices of a specific farming business in the Czech Republic.
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