|
Spirituality in Seriously Ill and Dying Patients
Špaček, Martin ; Lachman, Jan (advisor) ; Keřkovský, Pavel (referee)
This thesis focuses on spirituality particularly in relation to dying and death. It aims to provide an introduction to spirituality for health care professionals - especially physicians - as well as to discuss possible ways of addressing spiritual concerns in complex care of patients. The secularization of modern society and technological advance in medicine have extensively marginalized death and dying. However, hospice movement and palliative care reintroduced a new model of "good death" and revived interest and recognition of spirituality of seriously ill and dying patients. Despite multiple official recommendations including World Health Organization statements spirituality has a low profile both in our society and health care system, spiritual issues are generally not considered in medical education or in training of allied professions. Spirituality - as well as religion - is a complex phenomenon and may be discovered and expressed in wide variety of ways, depending on cultural and religious traditions. Medical staff should be able to identify and address spiritual issues of importance to their patients, not only in the end-of-life issues but also during the course of treatment. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
|
Type of cell death and superinfection exclusion phenomenon in vaccinia virus-infected cells
Lišková, Jana ; Mělková, Zora (advisor) ; Anděra, Ladislav (referee) ; Němečková, Šárka (referee)
Vaccinia virus (VACV) was formerly used in the eradication campaign against smallpox. VACV infection causes lysis of most cell types, including epithelial ones, which is equivalent to necrosis. However in our laboratory, we have previously detected activation of caspases during infection of HeLa G and BSC-40 epithelial cell lines with VACV, a typical sign of apoptosis. In this thesis, the type of cell death in HeLa G and BSC-40 cell lines infected with VACV strain WR was further studied and the activation and activity of caspases in the infected cells was characterized. In HeLa G cells infected with VACV strain WR, apoptosis was identified, as demonstrated by condensed nuclei, activity of caspase-3 and cleavage of death substrates. Additionally, activation and activity of caspase-2 and -4 was detected in infected HeLa G cells. In infected BSC-40 cells, neither apoptosis nor caspase activity were observed, but activation of caspase-2 and 4 was detected in these cells also. Finally, cleavage of procaspase-3 and -12 was detected in infected cells of both cell lines. Vaccination strains Praha and Dryvax induced apoptosis in both HeLa G and BSC-40 cells, as was demonstrated by the apoptotic morphology of nuclei and by the cleavage of PARP, substrate of the executioner caspases. Our results suggest that...
|
|
he Role of Ethnicity in Escalation of Armed Conflict: Case Study Bosnia and Herzegovina
Vápeníková, Sára ; Havlová, Radka (advisor) ; Dubský, Zbyněk (referee)
The Bachelor thesis deals with analyzing the escalation of the ethnic conflict in Bosnia and Herzegovina. After the death of communist leader Josip Tito in 1980 the nationalist ideologies started to revive. Due to the deteriorating economic crisis, high level of unemployment and the rhetoric of the political elites these ideologies had resulted in a war among nationalities that had lived together for centuries. The war among the three ethnic groups, which erupted in 1992, until then was considered to be the bloodiest conflict in Europe since the Second World War. The thesis also brings the analysis of other factors that influenced the escalation. Very important are economic, political, structural and cultural factors about which a significant part of this thesis is.
|
|
SZŠ and VOŠZ students' attitude towards dying and death
Bartáková, Pavlína ; Pavlíková, Pavla (advisor) ; Hlaváčová, Marie (referee)
This diploma work deals with end of life issues from the view of the students graduating from nursing school, specializing as practical nurses and students graduating from nursing college, specializing as diploma practical nurses. The theoretical part looks at the issues from both the historical and the present point of view and includes the basic terms, stages of dying, human reaction to illness and coming death, lenitive care, hospice movement, the needs of the dying and their attendance. It describes adolescence as an important ontogenetic stage of life and it deals with the future health carers training in care about the dying. The research part uncovers students' attitude towards dying and death, knowledge of the dying needs according to the lenitive care principles and their subjective readiness to care about the incurably ill.
|
|
Wnt signaling inside out
Doubravská, Lenka ; Kořínek, Vladimír (advisor) ; Stopka, Tomáš (referee) ; Krylov, Vladimír (referee)
Signaling pathways function as molecular instruments mediating cellular response to intrinsic and extrinsic inputs, which can consequently lead to cell division or differentiation on one side and cell death on the other. Molecular network of different pathways enables the intercellular communication and hence the whole organism can exist and function coordinately. The Wnt signaling pathway belongs among evolutionarily old and conserved molecular pathways and acts in many different processes during development. Moreover, it is necessary for maintenance of adult tissues as it participates in regeneration. Diverse malignancies, where repressive components of the Wnt pathway are non-functional, represent seamy side of the scope. This thesis is based on 4 publications covering Wnt signaling on very multifarious levels. Firstly, I focus on processing of Wnt protein which stands at the beginning of the cascade as extracellular morphogen. Secondly, survival effect of Wnt producing fibroblasts on leukemia cells after induction of apoptosis by ligand TRAIL is discussed. The third issue shows novel components of the Wnt signaling pathway and introduces us into nucleus - "bottom" level of the pathway. 1. Fatty acid modification of Wnt1 and Wnt3a at serine is prerequisite for lipidation at cysteine and is...
|
|
Molecular and functional characterization of the death receptor 6
Klíma, Martin ; Anděra, Ladislav (advisor) ; Živný, Jan (referee) ; Kovář, Marek (referee)
Death receptor-6 (DR6/TNFRsf21/CD358) is a receptor from the TNFR superfamily that likely participates in the regulation of proliferation and differentiation of T- and B-lymphocytes and neural cells. The 655-amino acid human DR6 is a type I transmembrane protein containing four cysteine-rich domains in its extracelular part and a death domain followed by the CARD-like region in its cytoplasmic part. Overexpression of DR6 in some cell lines leads to apoptosis, and/or to activation of nuclear factor NF-κB and stress kinases of the JNK family. In the first part of our work we focused on molecular characterization of DR6, including the analysis of its posttranslational modifications. We found that DR6 is an extensively posttranslationally modified protein including S-palmitoylation and both N- and O-glycosylation. Six N-glycosylation and one S-palmitoylation sites were precisely mapped to appropriate asparagines and cysteine respectively. The juxtaposed linker region (between cystein-rich domains and the transmembrane part), which also contains Ser/Thr/Pro-rich region with clustered putative O-glycosylation sites, is required for the plasma membrane localization of DR6. N-glycosylation, but interestingly not S-palmitoylation, may play a role in targeting of DR6 into detergent-resistant...
|
|
The issue of life imprisonment
Zubková, Aleksandra ; Herczeg, Jiří (referee) ; Tlapák Navrátilová, Jana (advisor)
Kapitola VIII: Záv r Mezi primární úkoly každého státu pat í ochrana ob an . Z tohoto d vodu si stát musí zajistit prost edky k ochran spole nosti p ed pachateli nejzávažn jších trestních in . Po celá staletí až do nedávné minulosti funkci nejp ísn jší trestní sankce plnil trest smrti. Jeho aplikace však znamenala zásah do elementárního lidského práva - práva na život, a proto byl neslu itelný s požadavkem ochrany lidských práv, který by každá moderní spole nost m la respektovat. P edevším z tohoto, ale i z jiných d vod eské trestní právo vypustilo absolutní trest ze svého systému trestních sankcí a nahradilo ho doživotním trestem. Trest odn tí svobody na doživotí p edstavuje nejp ísn jší trest, který sou astná právní úprava pachateli trestného inu dovoluje uložit. Stejn jako trest smrti, tak i doživotí má adu stoupenc a odp rc , a proto i u doživotního trestu m žeme nalézt ur ité výhody a nevýhody. Argumenty sv d ící v jeho prosp ch i neprosp ch lze shrnout do následujících: - pozitiva doživotního trestu: - respektuje právo na život, - nabízí každému - i t m nejnebezpe n jším delikvent m - možnost nápravy a resocializace, - institut podmín ného propušt ní, který dává odsouzenému nad ji na op tovné za len ní se do spole nosti, - neznamená nenapravitelný právní zásah v p ípad justi ního omylu, - doživotí p...
|
|
Legal aspects of the Jerusalem procedure with Adolf Eichmann
Kohout, David ; Císař, Jaromír (referee) ; Seltenreich, Radim (advisor)
-89- 6 English Résumé, Key Words Právní aspekty jeruzalémského procesu s Adolfem Eichmannem Legal Aspects of the Jerusalem Trial of Adolf Eichmann Résumé In this diploma thesis I tried to provide a more or less complete overview of legal aspects of the trial of Adolf Eichmann and to point out some of its extra-legal consequences too. This trial took place in Jerusalem and together with the pre-trial proceedings it spanned more than two years. On the course of those two years (and predominantly during the trial proceedings) many interesting legal issues arose. Firstly, the sole fact of how the Israeli secret agents had managed to seize Eichmann in the territory of another sovereign state (Argentina) amounted to a breach of the public international law and led to an international dispute that ended up before the Security Council of the United Nations. As to the trial before the national courts of Israel (the District Court in Jerusalem and the Supreme Court of Israel), many important legal issues were raised too. Besides the objection of the counsel for the defence that Israel's right to try Eichmann precluded on the mere fact of his abduction from Argentina in breach of the international law, the courts were confronted with other jurisdictional matters as well. Both of the courts strived to overcome the...
|
| |
| |
guest ::
