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Nutritional status and food intake for clients in retirement home
ZEMENOVÁ, Pavlína
This bachelor thesis called Nutritional status and food intake for clients in retirement home endeavours to map general nutritional status of the elderly. It is concentrated on the elderly living in retirement home without nutritionist in South Bohemian region. Evaluation of nutritional status was performed by standardized screening form, monitoring food intake, follow-up calculations and laboratory testing due to blood vitamin D content. The thesis is typically divided into two parts. Theoretical and practical. Theoretical part is patterned on definition of age and ageing. These two phenomena are analysed on demographic and prognostic aspect. It is focused on retirement home and legislation associated with presence nutritionist in retirement home by reason providing medical nutrition. It is analysed dietetic system and project called External Evaluation of Nutritional Care Quality in Rest Homes. This project is one way how to implement professional and guaranteed nutritional care. About this issue, the thesis is concentrate on evaluation of nutritional status by using various instruments and on physiological changes of organism in later life. And it does not forget to nutrition recommendation for the elderly. A foundation of practical part of thesis sets five research targets and two research question. Twenty clients of retirement home participate in research. It was seventeen women and three men. Basic assessment of nutritional status of the elderly was performed by form called "Mini Nutritional Assessment ", which reveals danger of commencement of malnutrition at four clients and direct danger of malnutrition at two clients. Calculations of offered food and real food intake were made by software called "Nutriservis Profesional". Offered food contains acceptable number of proteins in major part of researched diet (basic diet, diabetic diet and resting diet). It was 15 % proteins (85-90 grams) from the whole energetic food intake per day. The number of carbohydrates of all researched diet was almost 45 % (255 g) from the whole energetic food intake per day. Average fat intake of all researched diet was 40 % (100 g). All these values were not in Česká asociace sester, Sekce nutričních terapeutů ´s opinion about right medical nutrition. Most clients did take in all offered food. But their needs were satisfied, because they eat more than their optimal energetic intake. Not surprisingly, a blood vitamin D content was low at almost all of clients. Average vitamin D intake from food was 4,4 micrograms. Average numbers in blood was about 11,43 micrograms/l. It is not possible to cover recommended daily allowance of vitamin D by food. Because of minimal movement of clients on sunlight it is impossible achieve required figure without vitamin D supplementation. Nutritionist presence would help to implement functional diet system in the retirement home. This system guarantees harmless offered food and helps search for malnutrition clients. And it can turn away, moderate or does not develop danger of malnutrition.
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Residential social care centers with special regime for substance abusers and persons at risk of substance use
Černíková, Tereza ; Mravčík, Viktor (advisor) ; Janíková, Barbara (referee)
Background: Substance abuse is usually associated with young people, but occurs also among elderly for whom the abuse of alcohol and other substances poses an increased risk of a whole range of health and social harms. The current system of addictological care in the Czech Republic is not systematically focused on the target group of elderly and this target group is rather at the edge of attention. Nevertheless, in the Czech Republic there are social services, residential social care centres with special regime for elderly people with a dependency problem. These programs are similar to the nursing homes for aging drug users known from abroad. Aims: The aim of this work is to describe the characteristics of residential social care centres with special regime for substance abusers and persons at risk of substance use in the Czech Republic in the areas of clients of the facilities, methods of work with the target group, personnel and funding of the facilities. Methods: An on-line cross-sectional questionnaire study and descriptive data analysis were conducted. According to the Registry of Social Service Providers in the Czech Republic there is 16 residential social care centres with special regime for substance abusers and persons at risk of substance use, all of them were chosen for the study....
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Activation of Cognitive Functions in Senior Houses
JAKEŠOVÁ, Ludmila
The Bachelor´s thesis deals with application of methods which stimulate cognitive functions in retirement homes. It investigates which activities are offered to people in retirement homes. The thesis concerns with its impact to them and its advantages and disadvantages. The information was achieved by half-structural interview with activation workers in retirement homes. It is devided into a theoretical part and a practical part. The theoretical part of the thesis proceeds from specialized literature analyses and verified internet sources. It is devided into seven chapters. The first chapter deals with old age, growing old, stages of old age, active ageing and involutive changes which comes in that part of life. The second chapter is devoted to specification of cognitive functions (sensory perception, memory, learning, thinking and attention). In the next chapter are described involutive changes of selected cognitive functions. The fourth chapter deals with training of cognitive processes and their activation. There are descibed methods and treatment which are used for this purpose. The last chapter is focused on legislative definition of retirement homes and activation function which takes place there. The practical part of the thesis is composed of a qualitative research method. There were used half-structured interviews with four activation workers from chosen retirement homes in South Bohemia for the research. The results which were formed from the given information are divided into several fields. They bring up the responses to the research questions. The main aim of the research was to find out which methods are really used for activation of cognitive functions in retirement homes, their income and response of activation workers.
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Physical activity level of students attending the University of the Third Age at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport
Misterková, Lenka ; Daďová, Klára (advisor) ; Majorová, Simona (referee)
Tittle: Physical Activity Level of Individuals Attending the University of Third Age at Charles University, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Objectives: The aim of this diploma thesis was to describe physical activity level of the individuals attending the University of the Third Age at Charles University, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport. Methods: The theoretical part of the thesis has been achieved by using the method of search enquiry of both Czech and foreign literature. Its practical part has been created by using a survey at 226 respondents (of whom 83 % were women) who attended first year of the University of the Third Age at Charles Univeristy, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport. The average age of the respondents was 65 years, the average BMI was 25,1 kg/mš. A short version of the IPAQ questionnaire has been used, complemented with demographic questions. Results: The findings have shown that an average given volume of physical activity in one week at the tested group of seniors was 5 841,0 MET minutes. 76 % of the respondents can be thus placed into the HEPA High Active category. By the survey, hiking can be considered as the most frequent physical activity. Interestingly, older respondents have achieved a higher level of motoric activity. The results of the survey have...
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Institutional care of the elderly in the district of Ústí nad Labem in the context of current and future population development
Votrubec, Matěj ; Burcin, Boris (advisor) ; Rybová, Kristýna (referee)
Institutional care of the elderly in the district of Ústí nad Labem in the context of current and future population development Abstract The aim of this thesis is to describe the situation of the institutional care of the elderly in the district of Ústí nad Labem. The text consists of several parts. First part is an analysis of chosen components of population development between 1991 and 2013. Second part is a forecast of population at age 65 and older. The forecast is the root for estimation of capacity facilities with care of elderly in the district. Next part is a description of the legislative framework based on the social services act from 2006. This thesis aleso provides overview of plans and goals targeted on the social services of the Ústi county and the city Ústí nad Labem. At the end there is an assessment of capacity of facilities with care of elderly based on previous findings. Keywords: institutional care, capacity, elderly, population development, Ústí nad Labem
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Retirement Home Inhabitants' Insight about Suicide Rate of Senior Citizens
Maštálková, Denisa ; Havránková, Olga (advisor) ; Srnec, Jan (referee)
Key words: Senior, suicide, odl age, needs, home for elderly, risk factors Abstract: This dissertation paper outlines the lives of senior citizens in residential establishments. The object of the paper is to set out how seniors living in care homes perceive the issues relating to suicide rates amongst the elderly. Characteristic suicidal statistics are outlined in the theoretical part of this dissertation. In subsequent chapters, the paper explores the topics of aging, major life events and the levels of risk factors associated with suicides in the elderly generation. The final aspects of the theory section of the paper outline the requirements and essential needs for the elderly within care homes. The empirical section initially focuses on the essential characteristics of care homes for the elderly. This formed the foundation of my qualitative research and includes an outline of the qualitative research method used. The final part of this paper concludes the research based on interviews of seniors, their own view on suicides within old age population together their own suicidal thoughts. Their own triggers of personal satisfaction and fulfillment are also included. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Effect of physical exercise on adipose tissue characteristics: influence of obesity and aging
Čížková, Terezie ; Šiklová, Michaela (advisor) ; Horníková, Daniela (referee)
Obesity and ageing are associated with the changes in adipose tissue characteristics, which are con- sidered as one of important contributors to development of complications, such as cardiovascular diseases or type 2 diabetes. Physical exercise is known to be effective in prevention of diseases rela- ted to obesity and ageing. However, the effect of exercise on adipose tissue characteristics is only few elucidated in humans. The goal of this bachelor thesis is to summarize the main effects of exer- cise on adipose tissue characteristics. This thesis subsequently discuss detrimental changes (dysfunction) of the adipose tissue in obesity. Recent findings about the effects of some types of physical training on health of the elderly people are also mentioned. The initial chapter deals with adipose tissue in general, concretely the morphology, metabolism and endocrine function of the adipose tissue are described. Next part is focused on obesity, the concept of a chronic low-grade inflammatory state is introduced. The key section is the fourth chapter, in which the effects of exer- cise on adipose tissue, i.e. effects on metabolism of adipocytes and activation of immune cells, are reviewed. At the end of this thesis, the pathophysiological changes in inflammatory state and adi- pose tissue distribution associated...
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Body image and body dissatisfaction in nonclinical population
Malá, Kateřina ; Hrachovinová, Tamara (advisor) ; Jelínek, Jakub (referee)
The work deals with the theme of body image and dissatisfaction over one's own body in nonclinical population. Theoretical part includes knowledge of physical self perception and it focuses mainly on the factors that have some affect on the body image. Body image is significantly influenced by the age, sex, personal traits and an affiliation to a social class. The work also points out, that high demands have been recently placed on the visual aspects and how much slenderness is being idealized and the ideal of beauty has been displayed in the media. This results in the dissatisfaction with one's own body that may bring about considerable health, psychological and finally partnership problems. Last but not least the work demonstrates the overview of body image measurement methods. In the empirical part is suggested a survey which main goal is more complex interpretation of physical self perception in the elderly. This part illustrates how important the appearance for the elderly really is and what determines their satisfaction or dissatisfaction with one's own body and how much this contentment is related with the life quality of the senior citizens in general.
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