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A probe of student´s knowledge of photosynthesis at the lower-secondary school
ZÁSTĚRA, Štěpán
The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to use a questionnaire survey to determine the bachelor's knowledge of photosynthesis of pupils at the 2nd grade of primary school. The literature review describes photosynthesis and its phases, its inclusion in the FEP, the occurrence of photosynthesis in textbooks and misconceptions of students about photosynthesis. The methodology describes questionnaires for students and teachers, as well as the organization of surveys in schools and evaluation of results. The final part contains an evaluation of selected questions from the questionnaire. There were 186 pupils from five primary schools who took part in the questionnaire survey. The evaluation of the questionnaires confirms the occurrence of misconceptions among pupils regarding photosynthesis, which are mentioned in the literature review, at the interviewed schools. Furthermore, the questionnaire shows that students appreciated another form of teaching botany in the subject of biology (teaching with real natural products, quizzes, laboratory tasks).
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Impact of the use of CLIL method in Biology lessons at lower-secondary level in relation to level of acquired knowledge and skills
HARTLOVÁ, Natálie
The presented diploma thesis is focused on the creation of worksheets that are consistent with the CLIL method (content and language integrated learning). The literary research deals with integrated learning and the approaches used in practise (e. g. CLIL, STEM). There are described the fundamental principles of CLIL teaching, the required competencies of the CLIL teachers, the techniques of planning CLIL lessons and their fundamental structure. There are also described distance education and modern technologies that can be used in education. The teaching methods are part of the literary research as well and these methods relate to the created didactic materials. The main aim of this diploma thesis was to create teaching materials that connect the teaching of the English language and the chosen topic of Biology. The created CLIL materials are designed for the pupils of the 9th grade of secondary schools, and they deal with the topic of the energy industry. All created materials respect the 4C system, which is one of the tools how to prepare lessons where the CLIL method is used. The chosen learning activities were verified in practise and the course of this verification is described in the methodical part of this thesis. The sub-goal of this thesis was to evaluate the impact of the teaching materials in relation to the level of acquired knowledge and skills. There are also described some of the methodical recommendations.
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Critical issues of curricula in human biology at lower-secondary level from the in-service teachers' point of view
POSPÍCHAL, Bedřich
The diploma thesis identifies critical issues of Biology curriculum, specifically in the field of Human biology at lower-secondary level. The theoretical part describes the general principles of creating curricular content, explains the concept of "critical issues of the curriculum" and possible causes of their formation, summarizes selected researches on specific critical issues of biology curriculum with emphasis on human biology, including common students' misconceptions related to this educational content. The practical part is divided into two parts. Firstly, the critical issues of the biology were mapped by questionnaire survey. The interviews with the selected teacher were realized based on the findings from the questionnaire survey and these interviews provided more detailed analysis of critical issues in Human biology from teachers' point of view. The teachers mentioned the endocrine and nervous system as a critical issues in lessons focused on Human biology. The main reasons causing the problems in these topics are overfilled curriculum and insufficient time in classes. Difficult didactic transformation or missing didactical or methodological materials were also mentioned in relation to the teaching of these topics. Teachers also consider these issues to be critical for pupils, especially because of the amount of curriculum and high demands on pupils' imagination The thesis also contains several activities that could help facilitate the teaching of the endocrine system as well as methodological suggestions for their implementation into the practice.
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Use of autor's didactical aids in the curricula of selected organ systems of human body at lower-secondary level
NOVÁKOVÁ, Gabriela
The master thesis aimed to design, create and verify the use of author's teaching aids in teaching selected organ systems of the human body at elementary school. The theoretical part describes the methods and forms of teaching that can be chosen in connection with the use of teaching aids in teaching. It deals more with examples of activation methods that are suitable for use in combination with traditional methods and forms of teaching, especially due to the attractiveness and the suppress for stereotypes in teaching, but also as a tool for developing student´s creativity. The technology of 3D printing is also mentioned. It was used in the creation process of one of the author's didactic aids - drawing templates. The section devoted to methodology describes the procedure for creating didactic materials. First, selected textbooks of natural history for the secondary school were studied thoroughly, followed by an acquaintance with didactic aids/games offered by today's market online and in stores in the Czech Republic. The next subchapter explains the choice of topics for the creation of aids related to the results of interviews with teachers in practice and also the conclusions from other qualifications and professional studies. The final part describes the specific author's teaching aids - templates, worksheets with animations created in Doodly software, the card game Quartet and Dobble and puzzles. The verification of these aids was mostly carried out through a questionnaire survey, due to unauthorized personal contact with students in schools due to COVID.
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The CLIL method - preparation of materials connecting German language and Biology teaching
HAŠKOVÁ, Tereza
This Bachelor Thesis' aim was to design two teaching units according to the principles CLIL method (Content and Language Integrated Learning). This method allows to connect the teaching of a non-language-based subject (such as natural sciences at the elementary school, or Biology at the highschool level) with teaching of a foreign language - in this particular case the German language. The worksheets were specially designed for teaching of Human biology, concretely the respiratory and circulatory system curriculum.
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Analysis of the Topic of Prokaryotes Presented in Biology Textbooks for Lower-Secondary Schools
Jarošová, Lenka ; Vojíř, Karel (advisor) ; Pavlasová, Lenka (referee)
Textbooks as material teaching aids perform countless functions, represent the content of education of the specific subject, contain transformed scientific findings or fundamentally affect motivation of pupils to learn. A part of the basic curriculum of natural sciences are also prokaryotes, whose issues have not yet been mapped in textbooks. The main objective of the thesis was to perform the content analysis of the prokaryotic topic in natural sciences textbooks for primary schools with a valid clause of the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic. In the thesis the structuring of the given topic was ascertained among the individual titles. The terms contained in chapters dealing with the topic of prokaryotic organisms were analyzed. Two approaches were used for the analysis, the method bearing the open coding label was used for the qualitative data analysis, the quantitative approach reflects the percentage of terms falling into the same meaning category and subcategory in the given titles. The analysis shown there is inconsistency between textbooks in terms of representation of the topic of prokaryote and except the textbook published by Prodos and Taktik, the textbooks do not take into account the problematic of archaea in any way. The terms are mostly connected to...
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Pupil's Assesment in Biology
Ouředníková, Eliška ; Novotná, Kateřina (advisor) ; Vallin, Petra (referee)
The thesis is focused on formative assessment in biology, specifically it describes its use in biology teaching. The aim of the thesis is to discuss formative assessment, its strategies, methods and processes that can be used in biology classes. The theoretical part defines school assessment. The topic of formative assessment is presented in the context of the types and roles of school assessment and also biology teaching. The empirical part, using the qualitative design of the multi-case study, builds on the data obtained by the in-depth interviews with two teachers. The aim of the research was to describe the way teachers assess students in biology classes and their attitude and knowledge about formative assessment. The two case studies illustrate how teachers perceive formative assessment as one of the possible ways to collect evidence about the knowledge of their students. The author asked about grading and its importance for the teachers. She was also interested in the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on teaching and assessment. The research showed that various strategies and methods of formative assessment are appropriate for biology teaching. According to the teachers, the most important and the most effective methods are feedback, assessment according to criteria and peer assessment....
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Problems of Early Career Teachers with the Use of Activating Methods in Biology Teaching
Ročková, Lucie ; Vojíř, Karel (advisor) ; Hlaváčová, Lucie (referee)
Activating methods are of a great importance in teaching, among other things, in the development of students' independence, their thinking and the formation of social relationships. Strengthening the student's role and emphasizing his/her active work requires a specific approach of teachers, as well as their increased preparation for teaching. Especially beginning teachers have to deal with a number of difficulties when starting their teaching career. However, it has not yet been clearly described how they cope with the use of activating methods. The main goal of this work was to map the problems of beginning teachers using activating methods in natural science at the start of their careers. One of the sub-questions was to find out what would help teachers at the beginning of their teaching practice to include activating methods in teaching with greater certainty and frequency. To answer the research questions, a survey of six beginning primary school natural science teachers was conducted in October and November 2021. Classes were listened to and followed by interviews with individual teachers. The interviews sought opinions on activating methods, on the frequency of their inclusion in teaching and the related problems that teachers face when using these methods. The most frequently mentioned...
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Options of Approach to Teaching of Morphology of Leaf at Lower Secondary School
Němečková, Linda ; Pavlasová, Lenka (advisor) ; Skýbová, Jana (referee)
1 ABSTRACT The thesis deals with the options of approach to teaching leaf morphology at lower secondary schools from both theoretical and emprical point of view. The empirical part is then verified on-site within the teaching process. The theoretical part is dedicated to the topic of leaf and particular aspects of the teaching process. The empirical part at first attempts to conduct a survey of the methods and organization forms of teaching applied at particular lower secondary schools within the teaching of leaf morfology. Afterwards, it analyses selected textbooks used for teaching biology. Next part describes suggested methods and organization forms of teaching applied less frequently during the education. The second goal of the thesis is to put in practice the methods and organization forms of teaching within an educational experiment. Afterwards, a didactic test is used at representative schools to verify the efficiency. At the end of the thesis, the results of the following are presented: the observation of teaching leaf morphology, the analysis of the biology textbooks content, and the didactic test. The results of the didactic test demonstrate the extent to which the skills and knowledge of the students are effected by the methods and organization forms of teaching applied within the educational...
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