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Modelling dependence of chlorinated hydrocarbons biodegradation on changes of temperature and redox conditions in ATES sytems
Havlíková, Barbora ; Mls, Jiří (advisor) ; Datel, Josef (referee)
The Aquifer Thermal energy Storage (ATES) system is one of the most important techniques, that use the aquifer as an energy storage for heating and cooling the buildings. The operation of the ATES system is based on pumping the cold ground water into the buildings during the summer and then injecting the warmer water back into the aquifer. During the winter, the direction is reversed. Warm water is pumped to the buildings, where it serves for the heating system and then it is injected back into the aquifer. The ATES system has a main effect on the chemical composition of ground water, because of changes in the temperature of ground water, mixing of water from different redox zone and increasing of ground water flow in the neighbourhood of the wells of the ATES system. The modification in chemical composition and temperature could influence the behaviour of contaminants. If we want to install the ATES system into a contaminated aquifer, we have to know, if the ATES system would influence the behaviour of the contaminant plume positively or negatively. This study was made to increase the understanding of the dependence between changes of temperature and oxidation-reduction conditions in the ATES system and biodegradation of chlorinated hydrocarbons. In the first part, several scenarios were modelled...
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Effects of the El Niño / Southern Oscillation on the climate of New Zealand
Brambus, Ondřej ; Huth, Radan (advisor) ; Müller, Miloslav (referee)
The climatic phenomena El Nino, Southern Oscillation (SO), their interaction (ENSO) and effects of ENSO on the climate of New Zealand is investigated in this bachelor's thesis. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first one (chapter 3) explains the terminology, general connections and conditions favorable for origination of an ENSO event. The second part (chapter 4) summarizes the main research related to ENSO effects on the climate of New Zealand. In this part not only meteorological and climatological studies are mentioned, but also hydrological or dendrochronological studies. The last part (chapter 5) is based on my research which examines influences in SOI (Southern Oscillation Index) changes to temperature and precipitation variables in New Zealand. During El Nino events the yearly temperature amplitude in Northern part of North Island of New Zealand tends to be bigger than the amplitude during La Nina events. This conclusion is based on correlation analysis between SOI and temperature datasets. Impact of SOI changes on precipitation variability was not confirmed.
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Vertical temperature profile in atmospheric boundary layer
Gvoždíková, Blanka ; Pešice, Petr (advisor) ; Sedlák, Pavel (referee)
Submitted bachelor thesis discusses the issue of the atmospheric boundary layer. First of all, it addresses the boundary layer's thermal characteristics which are very variable near the Earth's surface. For this purpose we have chosen the observatory in Kopisty near Most where a tower meteorological measurement is performed. In addition the air temperature measurements from Milešovka observatory were included to a dataset, too. It is assumed that this mountain weather station due to its position can represent conditions of the free atmosphere. But if we compare some thermal characteristics of the air at different height levels, we'll figure out that the air temperature measurements at Milešovka are highly influenced by radiation balance of the Earth's surface. Despite this fact, the analysis of air layer between Kopisty and Milešovka gives an idea of a continuous-time behavior of air temperature characteristics. This bachelor thesis describes in detail the air temperature variations and the temperature lapse rate variations in several height levels, the variability of thermal stratification or the incidence and extent of air temperature inversions.
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Relationship between egg size and incubation time in geckos
Mrskočová, Jana ; Kratochvíl, Lukáš (advisor) ; Frynta, Daniel (referee)
Previous studies of the relationship between egg size and the embryonic development time showed a positive correlation between the two variables at interspecies level, thus offering the idea that the evolution of the latter could be a limiting factor for enlarging the size of eggs during evolution. Some research into interspecies and intraspecific level of reptiles doesn't confirm this correlation. At the same time, the relationship between the development time and egg size is influenced by many factors, such as shifts in ontogenetic stages of the embryo at the time of ablation of eggs, due to temperature and humidity, the presence of embryonic diapause during embryogenesis or synchronization of hatching time, of which the authors of previous studies took no account or filtered out inaccurately. I think that most of these factors can be well controlled in intraspecific studies, but, variation in egg size within species also tends to be small, which prevents a reliable test for correlation. The solution can be to compareclosely related species with high variability in the size of the eggs, in our case the geckos of the genus Paroedura and family Eublepharidae. I eliminated temperature effects by comparing the time of incubation in two equal constant temperatures. The results show that, in this narrower...
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Extreme abiotic conditions as determinants of phytoplankton structure in high mountain lakes
Mihál, Martin ; Nedbalová, Linda (advisor) ; Hořická, Zuzana (referee)
There are many areas with extreme environmental conditions in the world. One of them are high mountain lakes which are located above treeline. Bachelor thesis presents the main abiotic conditions as determinants of phytoplankton structure in high mountain lakes. It has to cope with significant changes in light conditions and high intensity of sunlight during ice-free periods and with an important diminution of radiation by snow and ice cover. The thesis also discusses the influence of temperature, which is related to the duration of the ice and snow cover and a stratification of lakes. It characterizes local factors, such as topographic shading, morphology of lakes and character of basins, which affect chemical and physical properties of lakes. The thesis also mentions the impact of atmospheric deposition and other factors on nutrient concentrations in the water column. In addition, it discusses the adaptations of phytoplankton to environmental conditions, which include development of deep chlorophyll maximum, biosynthesis of protective compounds and nutrition strategy (mixotrophy). The thesis shows that there are many specific abiotic factors, which influence phytoplankton in high mountain lakes and all these factors interact. This results in a characteristic species composition with prevalence of...
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The heat build-up of tap-off units of busbar trunking system in relationship to their surfacing.
Forejtník, Jan ; Radil, Lukáš (referee) ; Foral, Štěpán (advisor)
This study is dedicated to the effect of surface modification on lid warming of busbar trunking system BD2 which is manufactured by Siemens company in Mohelnice town (CZ). By using experimental methods, it investigates heat transfer by radiation and natural convection. It evaluates which type of surface modification is more effective by transfer heat. This study uses a method of emisivity comparison and a procedure given in standards for heat up test afterwards. It led to recognition, that various colour shades used on busbar system have similar high emissivity. Smooth colour spraying transfers heat a bit more effectively than rough colour spraying. Outputs of supplementary measurements give basis for numerical simulations in SolidWorks software. Numerical analysis assists to interpret results, for example by sensitivity study of heat transfer depending on emissivity.
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Thermal behaviour model of the photovoltaic module
Ludányi, Róbert ; Morávek, Jan (referee) ; Ptáček, Michal (advisor)
This thesis deals with the observation of changes in behavior of photovoltaic cell due to changes in tempertature. In the beginning of the thesis is the desscription of sun as the primary source of energy for photovoltaic systems. The thesis also includes explanations of basic concepts in photovoltaic area and also a theoretical design for the calculations of thermal behaviour of photovoltaic cell in time. The result is a functional mathematical model, which is simulated in a simulation program PSCAD.
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Control unit for monitoring of climatic conditions in the breeding of edible insects
Chmelař, Vít ; Šandera, Josef (referee) ; Adámek, Martin (advisor)
This bachelor thesis introduces the problematics of edible insects, Arduino platform, sensors and peripherals that will be used to construct a device which monitors conditions of breeding of insects. It describes the different type of sensors and their principles. It discusses the SPI and I2C communication, which is used for communication with peripherals and describes the selected sensors and peripherals with which will be builded the device. Measured values are displayed on devici and savet to memory card.
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Temperature and humidity measuring station for Ionmeter
Kadaňka, Karel ; Roubal, Zdeněk (referee) ; Szabó, Zoltán (advisor)
This bachelor’s thesis describes the design of meteorological station of Ionmeter. Meteorological station is controlled by the Arduino platform, which evaluates the measured data and sends them wireless into the initial concept of Ionmeter. In the first part, the particular measured variables (temperature, humidity, pressure, carbon dioxide concentration, UV radiation and amount of dust particles) are described. It also describes the brief principle of the formation of air ions and their influence of the human organism. The following chapters are dedicated to the description of each component, the description of the weather station program and the initial concept of Ionmeter. The last chapter describes the construction of the meteorological station itself.
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Numerical model of ultrasonic oil level sensor
Chutný, Pavel ; Bílek, Michal (referee) ; Vyroubal, Petr (advisor)
This master’s thesis verifies physical principle of ultrasound in fluids by numerical model. At first, ultrasound study is ment. In second theoretic part, diferent kind of motor oils are described. Next, equations for numerical simulation are presented. In practical part, numerical model of level sensor is examined in well-knowed fluids (water, air). Results of laboratory measurement on topic of ultrasound velocity in oil dependent on temperature are aplicated on numerical model of sensor and optimalized.
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