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Solving AX-equations
Butora, Jan ; Tůma, Jiří (advisor) ; Joščák, Daniel (referee)
Title: Solving AX-equations Author: Jan Butora Department: Department of algebra Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Jiří Tůma, DrSc., Department of algebra Abstract: In this work, we present concept of AX-equations and focus on two such equations. Using similiar techniques, we build a theory for both equations, which allows us to express number of their solutions based only on their parameters. Using this theory, we demonstrate on an example that differential steps, used in differential cryptanalysis of modular addition, are not independent. Moreover, based on this theory we introduce and implement fast algorithms for searching solutions. Keywords: differential cryptanalysis, AX-equations, modular addition, carry, sol- vability condition
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Transfer of transalpine landscape motifs in graphic art into selected works of Italian engravers of the early 16th century
Veselá, Markéta ; Zlatohlávek, Martin (advisor) ; Konečný, Lubomír (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to illustrate the phenomenon of the transfer of the transalpine landscape motifs in graphic art into the works of Italian engravers at the beginning of the six- teenth century, and by using detailed analysis of these prints lead to a decision as to why these transfers occur so frequently, mainly in the years 1500-1520. Because only brief mentions of these transfers are found in the available literature on this topic, and then often only as a statement, I decided to tackle this phenomenon in the context of landscape specifications. In the introductory chapter there will be a concise overview of the cultural situation of the humanistic society, including its assumptions and a brief evolution of depiction of landscape art. Additionally there will be a chapter about the terminology used, which in addition to clarifying the terminology also helps to further the description of the proce- ss itself. The main part will of course be a chapter dedicated into selected items. There will also be descriptions of the graphic works of selected Italian engravers, especially in the comparison of transferred landscape motifs from works by Albrecht Dürer and Lucas van Leyden. Analy- sis of the individual prints will focus on elements transmitted in the background of the works. Iconography...
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Hosts and transmission of the crayfish plague pathogen Aphanomyces astaci
Svoboda, Jiří
The crayfish plague pathogen, the oomycete Aphanomyces astaci, has been decimating populations of European crayfish species for more than 150 years, and is therefore considered one of the 100 worst world's invasive species. A. astaci is highly specialised for a parasitic life, but it can be isolated from moribund crayfish and grown on synthetic media, as it is the case also for several other oomycetes (chapter 7). The life of A. astaci includes three basic forms: mycelium in host's tissues, and the infective units occurring in water, zoospores and cysts. All North American crayfish species tested so far have shown some resistance to A. astaci, i.e., they could carry the infection for long, serving as vectors of the pathogen. Massive sporulation from infected North American crayfish starts when the host is moulting, stressed, or dying (chapter 4). However, I could show in my experiments that some sporulation occurs even from apparently healthy and non-moulting American crayfish hosting A. astaci, so infected North American crayfish must be considered a permanent source of the infection (chapter 4). Five genotype groups of A. astaci have already been distinguished. Strains from a particular genotype group probably share the same original host crayfish species of North American origin. Nevertheless, they can...
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The origins of sports radio broadcasting in the territory of Czechoslovakia (1923-1948)
Michna, Tomáš ; Cebe, Jan (advisor) ; Knapík, Jiří (referee)
This thesis describes the development of the sports broadcasting in Czechoslovakia in the form of the practical research and historical analysis. The examined period starts in 1923 as the beginning of the existence of Radiojournal - the first radio station in Czechoslovakia and is defined by the year 1948. The thesis is systematically divided into five periods in which I describe the first signs of the interest in the sport in a regular radio broadcasting, first major sports events broadcasted by Radiojournal, organizational, personnel and technical background, marginal sports. Selected sport events with greater or minor importance are also described, as they were gradually transmitted by Radiojournal or Czechoslovak Radio in different periods. The thesis also mentions the occupation of the Czechoslovak Republic during the World War II, when has the interest in the sports radio broadcasting decreased but not vanished completely. There are outlined the activities of Josef Laufer during this period too. Laufer was Czechoslovak icon of the sports radio broadcasting. There is described the personnel expansion and the development of the independent sports redaction in the postwar period. This thesis is based on the practical research in the archive of the Czech Radio, the most beneficial information was provided...
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Development of war image transmission
Medková, Magdaléna ; Láb, Filip (advisor) ; Teplá, Jana (referee)
This thesis attempts to answer how the technological development has influenced the speed of photo transmission and in this context to describe the shift from original model of communication (one - to - many) to the model of new media (many-to-many), which combines interpersonal (one to one) and mass communication. (Crosbie, 2006).
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Generational shift in women's attitudes towards the upbringing of their children in the early 21st century
Nováková, Luďka ; Maříková, Hana (advisor) ; Šmídová, Olga (referee)
This thesis deals with the generational shift in women's attitudes towards the upbringing of their own children in the early 21st century. The aim of this thesis is to determine how today's generation of mothers reflects the upbringing of their parents, reflection of their own experience with upbringing and whether that leads to some inter- generational shift or change within the approach itself. Possible causes and influences of shifts and changes are discussed. To achieve this goal a qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews with women - mothers was conducted. The research shows that in fact shifts in these approaches actually occur and that the main criterion is a reflection of one's own childhood in particular, reflection of one's parents and reflection of the current relationship with one's parents.
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The Interest Rate Pass Through during the Crisis: Evidence from Slovakia
Ševcech, Marián ; Havránek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Pečená, Magda (referee)
The effectiveness of interest rate pass-through is crucial when shaping monetary policy. In this paper we use error correction framework in order to estimate the speed and the completeness of pass through in Slovakia. Our thesis brings a unique research on how the financial crisis and Euro adoption affect the pass-through. In Slovakia those events occur at the same time; we attempt to distinguish between what phenomenon has greater impact. We also distinguish between what bank characteristics have impact on individual bank's spread during financial crisis. Our results suggest that the interest rate pass-through completeness increases in long term. We however found evidence of decreasing pass-through in case of deposit rates during crisis. Banks are unwiling to lower them and hence harm their competitve position. The pass-through in Slovakia is found to be relatively fast and consistent throughout periods. With the crisis, the speed for mortgages rates however decreases. We conclude that the impact of financial crisis outweights the impact of Euro adoption. Concerning the banks' characteristics, we conclude that higher portion of loans on assets, higher costs over income and better liquidity position decrease the spread. This is explained by the size of Slovakian banking market; banks lower their spread to...
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Sand flies as hosts of monoxenous and dixenous trypanosomatids
Vondráček, Oldřich ; Votýpka, Jan (advisor) ; Jirků, Kateřina (referee)
Phlebotomine sandflies are blood sucking Dipteran and important vectors of various patogens, especially leishmania parasites (Trypanosomatida, Leishmaniinae). Apart from the genus Leishmania they also transmit variety of other parasites and they are considered to be vectors of trypanosomes (genus Trypanosoma) and hosts of some monoxenous trypanosomatids. This Master thesis is focused on the occurrence and development of mono- and dixenous trypanosomatids (other than the genus Leishmania) in sandflies. We studied experimental infections of various species of sandflies and mosquitoes by two species of trypanosomes and one species of monoxenous parasite (Strigomonas galati). All three studied trypanosomatid species were isolated from sandflies. Further concern of the thesis is the transmission of both species of trypanosomes from sandflies to vertebrate hosts and the transmission of monoxenous parasite between insect hosts and also morphological changes of parasite cells during the development in a culture and in the insect and vertebrate hosts.
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Influence of Feuerstein Instrumental Enrichment on the development of children cognitive abilities
Pokorná, Daniela ; Váňová, Eva (advisor) ; Klusák, Miroslav (referee)
In the theoretical part, this work deals with the problem of comparison between Feuerstein cognitive function and partial cognitive abilities which are mentioned at the Educational Interpretations of the WISC-III. Research study follows up changes in partial cognitive abilities which could be viewed as a consequence of FIE (Feuerstein Instrumental Enrichment) intervention lasting several months. By comparison of pre-test and post-test, which is realized by WISC-III and processed with Educational Interpretations of the WISC- III the study tries to describe impact of the method to child's cognitive functions as well as its school successfulness, self-concept, and behavior. Study also pursues possibility to use factor analysis of WISC-III for planning of the FIE intervention. Information was taken from tests, questionnaires for teachers, videos and records of FIE lessons. Research was realized at the Elementary school in a small town with 1700 inhabitants, nearby to Prague. This was the only school in this town. We noticed more or less significant changes in all areas of interest. In some cases, there was agreement in the test results and teacher's evaluation whereas in other there were differences. KEY WORDS Reuven Feuerstein, modifiability of intelligence, deficits of cognitive functions, mediated...
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Estimation of Cognitive Plasticity in Old Adults Using FIE
Fišarová, Zuzana ; Váňová, Eva (advisor) ; Pikhartová, Alena (referee)
5 Abstract The work deals with the development of cognitive skills by the method of the Feuerstein Instrumental enrichment for seniors in a residential care. It should clarify whether the Instrumental Enrichment Program is practicable when working with seniors and how it will affect the development of cognitive abilities of these people. The theoretical part deals with the period of the old age, the cognitive specific of seniors, the contemporary views on the brain functioning, and especially with the Instrumental Enrichment Program.The practical part includes the results of the qualitative research. The main method of data collection was a " dynamic assessment " of the cognitive test and the case studies. The qualitative results evaluation of the Addenbrooke cognitive test showed the improvement in the solution methods almost in all levels ( input , elaboration and output) . The results of the study showed that the Instrumental Enrichment Program is very suitable for the seniors. Its use is meaningful not only for clients with mild cognitive insult but it is also very effective for the people with more severe degrees of dementia.
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