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Case study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient after liver transplantation
Hrmová, Jana ; Stupková, Michaela (advisor) ; Charvát, Robert (referee)
Author: Jana Hrmova Title: Case study of physiotherapy treatment of a patient after liver transplantation Objectives: The main aim of this thesis is to summarise the theoretical knowledge about liver transplants, with the use of evidence from a patient that had undergone a liver transplant. The thesis is written from a physiotherapeutical point of view. Methods: The thesis consists of a theoretical part and a practical part. In the general part, theoretical information about liver diseases, Wilson's disease, liver transplant and physiotherapeutic treatment are discussed. All of this information is processed based on an academic literature and other peer reviewed sources. The practical part consists of a case study with a patient after undergoing a liver transplant, and a report of their rehabilitation, which was conducted as a part of a framework of a continuous physiotherapeutic internship at the Institute of clinical and experimental medicine in Prague from 2nd to 27th January 2017. Results: The patient was in a coma during the course of treatment which significantly slowed down the progress of the therapies. As the biggest result, we achieved an increase in muscle strength and the extent of joints. Furthermore, we successfully managed to fix the hypotonus and achieved a breath stereotype. The...
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Influence of resveratrol on bile flow.
Paclíková, Kristýna ; Doleželová, Eva (advisor) ; Cermanová, Jolana (referee)
Kristýna Paclíková Influence of resveratrol on bile flow Diploma thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Pharmacy Background: Protective effect of resveratrol is shown in many experimental models of cholestasis, but its effect on bile production in healthy individuals has not been studied yet. As the use of resveratrol is frequent in population, the aim of this thesis was to investigate the effect of resveratrol on the bile flow in healthy animals and the clarification of the mechanism of this effect. Methods: Wistar rats (n = 6, in each group, weighing 280 to 320 g) were divided into two groups: control group (Control) and the group of rats administered with resveratrol (10mg/kg/day, p.o.) for 28 days (RES). In vivo clearance study was performed to analyze bile production. Analysis of mRNA and protein expression of the transport proteins was performed by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Results: Resveratrol led to a significant increase in the cumulative bile flow. Analysis of mRNA and protein expression of the transport proteins revealed that bile flow is changed due to posttranscriptional induction of canalicular transporters Bsep and Mrp2. Simultaneously, resveratrol led to induction of Mrp4 efflux protein, expressed at the basolateral membrane of hepatocytes....
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Case study of physiotherapeutic care of patient with diagnosis liver transplantation
Bendík, Daniel ; Malá, Jitka (advisor) ; Charvát, Robert (referee)
Title: Case study of physiotherapeutic care of patient with diagnosis liver transplantation Aims: The aim of this bachelor's thesis is a summary of theory about liver transplantation, then making case of study of a patient after liver transplantation, suggesting short-term and long- term goals of therapeutic units and evaluation their effect. Methodology: This thesis was created on the basis of my professional experience in Institute for linical and Experimental Medicine in Prague from 4th January to 29th January. I worked there with a patient after liver transplantation in Anaesthesiology, resuscitation and Intensive Care Department. The thesis is divided into theoretical part and professional part. The theoretical part describes general informations abou liver's anathomy and physiology and partly describes also gall bladder, then informations about progressive familiar intrahepatal cholestasis. In the end is described liver transplantation and subsequent rehabilitation. In the professional part is case of study of patient with progressive familiar intrahepatal cholestasis. Result: Patient showed improvement of the muscular strenght on the upper and lower limbs. Patient was also able to do verticalisation into sit witout support and into stand with support of her physiotherapist. Key words: liver,...
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Organoids - the phenomenon of complex organ-like structures cultivation in vitro
Vilímková, Veronika ; Janečková, Lucie (advisor) ; Rothová, Olga (referee)
Pluripotent embryonal stem cells (ESCs) are unique for their ability to proliferate and differentiate into almost all cell types. In the presence of appropriate stimuli, they are able to initiate morphogenesis in vitro. Stem cells are able to differentiate into specific cell lines of a given tissue and to arrange three- dimensional (3D) structures. These so-called organoids are formed in a self-organizing process that mimics normal ESCs development. Organ development is a complex process that requires temporally and spatially ordered regulatory signals. 3D organization of these structures allows important cell-cell interactions. Organoid cultures are thus the area of a huge potential. Organoids are accessible to all standard experimental manipulations. They are therefore an ideal tool for the research of stem cells, signaling pathways, organogenesis and disease modeling. Finally, they may open up new avenues for regenerative medicine and gene therapy. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Vliv vybraných potravních doplňků na metabolismus karcinogenů přítomných v potravě
Fousová, Petra ; Hodek, Petr (advisor) ; Burdová, Kamila (referee)
The consumption of dietary supplements such as flavonoids may reduce risk of many civilization diseases. Flavonoids are able to modulate the activity of cytochromes P450 (CYPs), xenobiotic-metabolising phase I enzymes of biotransformation that are involved in the activation and detoxification of food-derived carcinogens. Inhibition of CYP activities by flavonoids has been extensively studied because of their potential use as agents blocking the initiation stage of carcinogenesis. On the other hand, flavonoids have been shown to enhance the activation of carcinogens and/or influence their metabolism via induction of specific CYPs. In the first part of this study, flavonoids dihydromyricetin and α-napthoflavone were explored for their possible effects on CYP1A1 expression and activity when administered in combination with carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene (BaP). For this purpose, liver, small intestine and colon microsomal fractions were isolated from treated rats and induction of CYP1A1 was evaluated by immunodetection and EROD activity measurements. In liver and small intestine, all combinations of BaP and flavonoids led to strong induction of CYP1A1 expression. Moreover, the CYP1A1 protein levels were almost identical to levels observed when the rats were treated with BaP alone. However, in comparison...
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Case study of physiotherapy care of a patient after liver transplantation
Říhová, Petra ; Dudová, Agnieszka (advisor) ; Charvát, Robert (referee)
Title: Case study of physiotherapy care of a patient after liver transplantation. Aims: The aim of the bachelor's thesis is a summary of theoretical knowledge of the topic, case study of a patient after liver transplantation, proposing goals of therapeutic units, monitoring progress and evaluating their effect. Methodology: The thesis was created as a research with case study during my professional experience in IKEM in Prague from 20th January to 14th February 2014, where I worked with a patient hospitalized after liver transplantation. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and a professional part. The theoretical, general part describes liver and gall bladder anatomy and physiology, diseases of the organs, their diagnoses and treatment. Within liver transplantation is described also rehabilitation following the transplantation surgery. Case study of the patient is recorded in the professional part. Result: Certain improvement at muscultura and general condition was recorded at the patient. The improvement is visualised at Barthel index. During the last therapeutic units, the patient was able to do a verticalisation into the sitting position, supported by her physioterapeutist. Key words: liver, cirrhosis, transplantation, gall bladder, physiotherapy
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Some aspects of molecular mechanisms of xenobiotics' hepatotoxicity and hepatoprotection : Modulatory roles of natural polyphenols
Lekic, Nataša ; Farghali, Hassan (advisor) ; Kršiak, Miloslav (referee) ; Brůha, Radan (referee)
Background & Aims: Oxidative stress and apoptosis are proposed mechanisms of cellular injury in studies of xenobiotic hepatotoxicity. The aim of this work is to find early signal markers of drug-induced injury of the liver by focusing on select antioxidant/oxidant and apoptotic genes. As well, to address the relationship between conventional liver dysfunction markers and the measured mRNA and protein expressions in the D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide and tert-butylhydroperoxide hepatotoxicity models. Furthermore, potential hepatoprotective capabilities of antioxidant polyphenols quercetin and curcumin were evaluated in relation to its modulation of the oxidative stress and apoptotic parameters in the given xenobiotic hepatotoxicity models. Methods: Biochemical markers testing the hepatic function included aminotransferases (ALT, AST) and bilirubin. Measurements of TBARS and conjugated dienes were used to assess lipoperoxidation. Plasma levels of catalase and reduced glutathione were used as indicators of the oxidative status of the cell. Real time PCR was used to analyse the mRNA expressions of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS-2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), superoxide dismutase (SOD-1), glutathione peroxidase (Gpx-1), caspase 3 (Casp3), BH3 interacting domain death agonist (Bid) and Bcl-2...
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Vliv sylimarinu na jatečnou výtěžnost králíků
KREJČÍKOVÁ, Klára
The work deals with the influence of the Milk thistle (used substance Silymarin) on the carcass yield of hybrid combinations rabbits Hyla. Hybrid combination Hyla was purposefully bred for meat performance, showing excellent results in breeding. Rabbits behave primarily on meat, because nutritional properties correspond to the current requirements of rational nutrition. Therefore, it is appropriate to increase the carcass yield. The average slaughter yield is indicated from 40 to 53% according to the breed. It was found that the addition of milk thistle in the form of a powder in the complete feedingstuff at a concentration of 0.2% increased the carcass yield, relative to the control group (which was fed only KKS), on average by 0.4%. The group with the addition of 1% showed an average value of 1.2% higher than the group control. The average slaughter yield of all the groups ranged from 54,68 into 63,02%. In both farms also decreased the incidence of diarrheal disease. Silymarin has a favorable effect on the operation and growth of the liver. In the group with the addition of 0.2% increased the average liver weight of 8.1 g, in the group with a concentration of 1% weight on average picked up about 10g. The average weight of the liver varied from 111,19 to 121,20 g. The control group in the case of carcass yield and liver weight showed better results than the authors of their articles.
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Study of organs of mice in inhalation experiments
Vrlíková, Lucie ; Diviš, Pavel (referee) ; Dočekal, Bohumil (advisor)
The diploma thesis is devoted to study potential risks for living organisms resulting from inhalation of nanoparticles of chosen heavy metals. The main aim of this work is the investigation of organs from experimental white mice after their guided inhalation of lead nanoparticles. The samples of liver and lungs from these animals are taken in time periods during the inhalation experiments and processed by specific methods for their evaluation. After pressurized microwave assisted decomposition of selected samples of mice organs in high purity concentrated nitric acid the content of lead is determined by atomic absorption spectrometry with electrothermal atomization. Furthermore, the changes are monitored using the microscopy of histological slides stained with hematoxylin-eosin. The results of both approaches are evaluated and compared within the frame of this work.
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