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Municipal Systems in Europe
Lukášová, Jana ; Jüptner, Petr (advisor) ; Masopustová, Ilona (referee)
This study deals with the typologies and the development of municipal orders in Europe. The theoretical basis of the work is important typologies of individual authors dealing with municipal orders of different countries. These typologies are exploring mostly European countries and looking for similarities across municipal systems of individual countries on the basis of some criteria and in relations between central and local levels and through relations between the institutions of local government with each other. Ten chosen European countries which are used in the typologies form empirical part of work. Countries are studied based on criterion development of municipal structures, especially in terms of amalgamation of municipalities and based on the criterion of executive models, especially in terms of direct election of mayors. For each country is studied the development and present situation of these criteria on the basis of which are determined the aims of this study. It is about finding out topicality of typologies and their comparison with the time of their origin to the present state of municipal orders of individual countries. Another aim is points to trends in local politics and gives an indication of possible future trends in terms of municipal orders in Europe.
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Direct Mayor Elections in Europe
Švadlenková, Michaela ; Jüptner, Petr (advisor) ; Švec, Kamil (referee)
The master's thesis "Direct election of mayors in the European experience" is dealing with the direct election of mayors, which is being used in more than a half of the European countries. The focus of the thesis is the trend and the impacts of the direct election of mayors. The purpose is to find out, if the direct election of mayors causes an increase in the voter's turnout, if there are cases of divided majorities under the direct election of mayors and if those are causing issues with the system functioning. Lastly, if the direct election of mayors is a trend which is going to spread into further countries. The first theoretical part deals with the phenomenon of the direct election of mayors, the leadership theories at the local level, typologies of local systems and brings a theoretical basis for the analysis of the voter turnout and divided majorities. The second part contains an overview of the European countries according to the direct or indirect method of voting for their mayors and also case studies of chosen countries. In the cases of England, Norway, Croatia, Poland, Italy, Austria and Germany the voter turnout, the frequency of divided majorities and the functioning of a system under divided majorities is analyzed. The analysis is based on the primary primary data, existing research and the...
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Discussion about Implementation of Direct Mayor Vote
Fořtová, Šárka ; Jüptner, Petr (advisor) ; Švec, Kamil (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to analyse and assess discussions related to the implementation of the direct election of mayors, both in the Czech Republic and in selected European countries. The thesis compares the evolution and course of the discussions that precede the anchoring of direct election of mayors in five European countries, such as the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the Federal Republic of Germany, Italy, Croatia, and Belgium-Walloon. It is particularly focused on the central motives leading towards the launch of discussion, main arguments included in the discussion, key actors, and the levels of the discussion. The crucial part of the thesis is devoted to the analysis of the discussion of possible implementation of directly elected mayors in the Czech Republic. The emphasis is put on the identification of individual platforms of the Czech political scene that intervene into the discussion. The thesis also highlights the attitude of key political parties, interest groups, and mayors, towards the question of the direct election. The Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic represents the principal mediator of the ongoing discussion. The thesis targets to answer the following questions. At which platforms the discussion about the eventual implementation of direct...
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Local politics in small municipalities and its informal aspects
Bernard, Josef ; Buriánek, Jiří (advisor) ; Sedláček, Ota (referee) ; Ryšavý, Dan (referee)
Mgr. Josef Bernard Dizertační práce Local politics in small municipalities and its informal aspects Abstract The subject of the thesis is the analysis of political processes in local government of small municipalities in the Czech Republic. The author focuses particularly on the question how do the activities of local government influence the different aspects of local life. The goals of local government, the negotiation of these goals and the role of different local government members in achieving these goals are examined. The thesis is based on three theoretical approaches - on the theories of local communities and their development, on the social capital theory and on theories of local political leadership. Different types of empirical data are used in the thesis: qualitative interviews and non-standardized observation of political processes in selected municipalities, questionnaire data and census data as well as other accessible statistical data on local communities and municipalities in the Czech Republic. The analyses have proved that local governments in small municipalities can be regarded as specific types of community interaction fields. The existence of this field has a significant impact on the situation in the community, including local citizen participation and social capital of the...
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Local politics in Greater Prague. Municipal elections, political parties and elected bodies in the years 1923 - 1938
Švec, Michal ; Jüptner, Petr (advisor) ; Švec, Kamil (referee)
in English The aim of this thesis is to explain the institutional setting of the political system of Greater Prague (polity) - especially the electoral system and institutional structures - and then in this located space realize real encounters and cooperation of political parties (politics). Working in its first chapter deals with the identification, evaluation or sources from which it is based. The second chapter briefly depicts the development of public administration in Prague and the creation of Greater Prague in 1922. In the third chapter, there are defined authorities, where the Prague municipal affairs usually took place, and their competence. The fourth chapter explains the functioning of the electoral system, which was an important determinant of the form of the party system. The electoral system with highly proportional effects allowed representation of number of parties (mainly arising from the cleavages in the society). The most powerful political parties, operating in the central council, are briefly introduced, including their prominent protagonists of the Prague City Hall. In the extensive sixth chapter, the results of municipal elections from the years 1923- 1938 are compared in time and space of the city. The observed territorial differences of electoral support are cartographic...
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The representation of women in local politics
Vaverová, Simona ; Vargovčíková, Jana (advisor) ; Kos Mottlová, Markéta (referee)
(anglicky) This bachelor thesis will deal with the question of political representation of woman in Czech local politics. Statistically, more women can be found at the local level of politics than at the parliamentary level of the Czech republic. The question of this thesis is going to answer who are these women, involved at the lowest level of politics. Qualitative research will allow us to determine their starting point politically, their ambition, and the barriers they face in their ascent up the political career. Comparative analysis of three towns that are distinct from each other in a variety of ways. This exercise will make it possible to both make generalization from the results as well as the simultaneously discover whether the representation of women in different types of towns is affected by more localized factors as well.
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Transforming of Executive Coalitions in Prague in the Electoral Period 2010-2014
Horký, Miroslav ; Švec, Kamil (advisor) ; Říchová, Blanka (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis Transforming of Executive Coalitions in Prague in the Electoral Period 2010 - 2014 is to analyze influences, which have an important role in a process of establishing executive coalitions and also in their stability. The analysis is based on a classical theory of coalitions, discursive analysis, interviews with direct participants and on official documents. One of the aims is to describe the level of possibility in application of theoretical concepts of coalition theory in the area of Prague's political system. There are many points of view, from which we look at stability and forming of coalitions. For example, very important point of view is an influence of making and implementing politics or an influence of politicians from national level. A big importance is focused on negotiating between participants, their statements in media and their real steps and decisions. The intention of this thesis is not an invention of general model which should be applied on similar local system, but to explain and describe the uniqueness of Prague local system and the election period of 2010 - 2014.
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The Velvet Revolution's influence on public life in Milevsko during 1989-1990 era
Wimmerová, Lucie ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (advisor) ; Petřík, Martin (referee)
The thesis describes the political events initiated on November 17, 1989, which, after 42 years, led to the end of one-party rule and started the long process of democratization in Czechoslovakia. It analyzes the similarities and differences between the Milevsko policy and the national policy from November 17, 1989 to the June 1990 elections to the Federal Assembly and the Czech National Council. It describes how the democratization process, started with the Velvet Revolution in Prague, reflected in the public life of a small town. It answers questions like whether the political, economic and social changes in Milevsko were the initiative of its citizens, or those recommended by the revolutionary center in Prague? What was the attitude of Milevsko citizens towards these changes? Did they request replacement of politicians and municipal institutions as in Prague, or did they have specific requirements distinct from Prague?
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The Civic Elites at the Municipal Level in the Czech Republic (the Case of Municipal Elections in Ostrava in 2014)
Karasová, Leona ; Müller, Karel (advisor) ; Fleissner, Kamil (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is the analysis of municipal elections in Ostrava in 2014. The thesis consists of theoretical part and practical part. The theoretical part deals with the concepts of a community, a city and municipal elections. The second part presents the results of municipal elections in Ostrava during the years 1994-2010. The main goal of this thesis is to analyze the results of municipal elections in 2014 in comparison with the previous political development in Ostrava. The results of this analysis will be used to answer the research question, whether there was a change in traditional voters preferences.
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