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Functional assessment of activities and participations according to the ICF in patients with central hemiparesis.
Marková, Kateřina ; Sládková, Petra (advisor) ; Angerová, Yvona (referee)
THESIS ABSTRACT Name, surame: Bc. Kateřina Marková Thesis supervisor: MUDr. Bc. Petra Sládková, Ph. D. Title of thesis: Functional assesment of activities and participations according to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health in patients with central hemiparesis Abstract: Functional independence and social integration, which are the domains of occupational therapy, are essential for the successful rehabilitation of patients. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health can provide a suitable framework for functional assessment, not only for occupational therapists. The main aim of this thesis is a determination of the functional picture of selected patients with central hemiparesis. The secondary objectives encompass firstly a verification of pre- established hypotheses, and secondly, an evaluation of the influence of the Day Hospital of the General University Hospital in Prague on the functional abilities of patients with central hemiparesis. Primary research methods comprise in particular a quantitative data analysis and comparison; however, a qualitative analysis of texts or description are also utilized. The research retrospectively evaluates the results of the assessment of activities and participation and environmental factors in patients with...
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Use of dance therapy in neurorehabilitation from the perspective of a physiotherapist
Tlustá, Tereza ; Gueye, Tereza (advisor) ; Sládková, Petra (referee)
First and last name: Tereza Tlustá Supervisor: MUDr. Bc.Tereza Gueye Ph.D. Opponent of the thesis: Name of the thesis: Use of dance therapy in neurorehabilitation from the perspective of a physiotherapist. Abstract of the thesis: The bachelor's thesis summarises the present level of knowledge and evidence on the impact of dance therapy on motor symptoms of neurological disorders through a systematic review. The theoretical part provides a comprehensive overview of dance and dance movement therapy and their impact on the musculoskeletal and nervous system. A part of the thesis is also focused on the characteristics and scope of physical rehabilitation of neurological patients and the characteristics of symptoms of some neurological diseases, namely Parkinson's disease and stroke. In the second phase, by analyzing the studies obtained by literature search, fifteen recent and relevant articles were included and analyzed. Through analytical analysis of the results of testing and evaluation of each study, it is determined whether and under what conditions dance therapy was effective. The presented articles include studies testing the effect of dance therapy on stability and gait in Parkinson's disease and post-stroke patients. The paper presents a mostly positive conclusion about the effect of dance...
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The circulating cell-free DNA as a biomarker of civilization diseases
Dyachenko, Yulia ; Daňková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Vaňková, Markéta (referee)
The incidence of civilization diseases in the population is increasing every year due to changing environmental conditions and modern lifestyles. These diseases reduce the quality of life, lead to health complications or even death of patients. This can be prevented by monitoring health status. Circulating free DNA (cfDNA) has the potential to be introduced as a non-invasive biomarker. Possible mechanisms of cfDNA release are apoptosis, necrosis, NETosis, pyroptosis and active secretion. The occurrence of these processes in some civilization diseases allows the use of cfDNA as a biomarker. The aim of this work was to summarize the current knowledge on the possibility of using cfDNA in the diagnosis, monitoring of the development and course of some diseases of civilization, namely obesity, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, hypertension, myocardial infarction and stroke. From the available literature it can be concluded that cfDNA could be used in clinical practice for the purposes described above. Key words: Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA), civilization diseases, biomarker, obesity, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, hypertension, myocardial infarction and stroke.
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Trends in stroke mortality in Czechia in the period 1995-2021
Prystaszová, Adéla ; Kulhánová, Ivana (advisor) ; Lustigová, Michala (referee)
Stroke is one of the most common causes of death in Czechia. The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to analyse trends in stroke mortality between 1995 and 2021 using data from the Czech Statistical Office. Standardized mortality rates, age-specific mortality rates, simple proportion calculations and two-dimensional decomposition method were used for this purpose. The thesis describes a significant decrease in the overall intensity of stroke mortality and intensity by age groups, as well as notable impact of stroke on the increase in life expectancy at birth. Furthermore, the thesis examines changes in the position of stroke among other causes of death, including cardiovascular diseases. The regional differentiation of stroke mortality is also analysed, revealing significant internal variability within Czechia. Additionally, the mortality trends of two main stroke types, ischaemic and haemorrhagic, are briefly outlined. Analysis of differences between men and women is included throughout the whole thesis. Keywords: mortality, stroke, standardized mortality rates, decomposition, Czechia Trends in stroke mortality in Czechia in the period 1995-2021
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Perceived quality of life of people with post-stroke communication disorder
Suchá, Marie ; Hájková, Vanda (advisor) ; Klenková, Jiřina (referee)
The bachelor's thesis, whose main aim of the research is to analyse the subjectively perceived quality of life of people with post-stroke aphasia in selected areas, is divided into four main chapters. The first three chapters present theoretical findings on stroke and post-stroke communication disorders. The following topic is the presentation of the issue of quality of life. The last chapter includes the research as such, which has been focused on retirement-age individuals diagnosed with post-stroke aphasia. The qualitative survey was done using the triangulation method, which contained a questionnaire method supplemented by a semi-structured interview. The obtained data were analysed and subsequently interpreted in the thesis text. Research questions concerning selected areas of quality of life were answered in the following part of the work. The impact of communication disorder on the social relationships of persons with post-stroke aphasia could be considered one of the most problematic areas of quality of life. These relationships are often limited or discontinued. This is also reflected in another researched area of the survey, the issue of self-concept, which is negatively affected after a stroke. The other investigated areas, such as independent movement, self-care and family...
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Case Study of Physiotherapeutic Treatment of a Post-Stroke Patient
Krákorová, Kateřina ; Reckziegelová, Petra (advisor) ; Křížková, Štěpánka (referee)
Author: MUDr. Kateřina Krákorová Supervisor: Mgr. Petra Reckziegelová Title: Case Study of Physiotherapeutic Treatment of a Post-Stroke Patient Objectives: The aim of this bachelor thesis is to process a case report of a post-stroke patient and to characterize this disease and present current treatment and diagnostic options. Methods: The theoretical part is based on the professional literature listed in the list of used literature and information sources. It contains current knowledge about stroke, stroke etiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, therapy options and subsequent rehabilitation. The practical part is based on the materials I gained during continuous clinical practice at Kladno Regional Hospital, which took place from 9.1.2023 to 3.2.2023. The patient case report consists of anamnesis, initial examination, proposal of a short-term and long-term therapeutic plan, recording of the therapy course, final examination and evaluation of the therapy effect. Results: The main notable progress is an increased overal mobility of the patient and coping the self-care, resulting in improvement of self-sufficiency in activities of daily life. Conclusions: Early initiation of physiotherapy treatment led to significant functional improvement of the patient. Further rehabilitation, especially in the...
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A case report of physiotherapeutic care of a patient after ischemic stroke
Kozerawska, Natália ; Sohrová, Jana (advisor) ; Křížková, Štěpánka (referee)
Title: A case report of physiotherapeutic care of a patient after ischemic stroke Objective: The aim of this thesis is to summarize the theoretical information on the topic of stroke and then to develop a case report of a patient after ischemic stroke with right-sided hemiparesis. Methods: This bachelor thesis deals with stroke and is divided into two parts - general and special. The general part contains the main theoretical information about stroke. In addition, the physiotherapist's examination typical of the diagnosis is described, together with a selection of methods and procedures most commonly used in the physiotherapeutic care of these patients. The special section includes a case report of a patient after ischemic stroke with subsequent right-sided hemiparesis, including the initial and final kinesiological examination, the course of individual therapies and a summary of the effect of therapy. The background for the special part was obtained during the continuous professional practice at the Department of Post- operative Rehabilitation at the Regional Hospital Kladno from 9 January to 3 February 2023 under the supervision of the supervisor Mgr. Dita Hamouzová. Results: The patient improved in several aspects, especially in overall stability and range of active motion. However, there was...
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Deep-learning based segmentation of pathological tissue in brain MR images
Nantl, Ondřej ; Kolář, Radim (referee) ; Chmelík, Jiří (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the topic of segmentation of ischemic tissue in T1 weighted MRI image data using deep learning methods. The theoretical part deals with the anatomy of brain, brain imaging using MRI, available datasets for automatic segmentation of pathological brain tissue and automatic deep learning methods for segmentation of ischemic brain tissue. In the practical part the used dataset and its preprocessing, as well as the proposed deep learning methods (U-Net) and their training, are described. The models were implemented using Python. Finally, the results of the models are presented and discussed.
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Ischemic thrombus analysis in multiphasic brain stroke CT data
Mikešová, Tereza ; Holeček, Tomáš (referee) ; Jakubíček, Roman (advisor)
This master thesis deals with analysis of ischemic thrombus in brain CT scans. In theoretical part, a review of methods, especially thrombus segmentation, is developed. Furthermore, the anatomy of cerebral arteries and acute ischemic stroke is summarized. Selected methods from the field of image processing are briefly described. The practical part results in a comparison of thrombus segmentation methods. The segmentation itself was preceded by data preprocessing, which is described in the theses, and the creation of a manual annotation database. The best implemented method was found to be the adaptive thresholding method, which achieved a Dice score of 0,4555. By combining the methods appropriately, a final Dice score of 0,5145 was achieved. Thrombus parameters were then calculated from the segmented volumes. The median intensity value was 51,55~HU, the median length was 15,16 mm, and the median volume was determined to be 65,34 mm3. Subsequent correlation analysis showed no significant relationship between the derived parameters.
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CMP (STROKE) - ALGORITHM OF EXAMINATION METHODS
MACKOVÁ, Pavlína
The bachelor thesis on CMP (stroke) - algorithm of examination methods deals with the disease of stroke, its definition, methods of examination, possible treatment and students' knowledge about this disease. The main objective of this study was to learn about the algorithm of examination methods in stroke and to find out the awareness of the respondents about this topic. The research question was: What is the awareness of the respondents about the process of examination and diagnosis of CMP? The thesis is divided into a theoretical section and a practical section. The first part focuses on the current state. Here the vascular supply to the brain, stroke, algorithm of examination methods and treatment of stroke are covered. Overall, the thesis is divided into six main chapters. The practical part deals with the questionnaire survey. The research purpose of this thesis was fulfilled by means of a questionnaire survey among Radiology Assisting students and Public Protection students with a focus on CBRNE. The questionnaire developed was the same for both groups of students. It was a standardized questionnaire with a choice of one answer each time. The resulting answers were then evaluated in clear graphs. The results of the conducted survey can offer us students' perspectives on anatomical knowledge of the brain, basic information about stroke, selected types of stroke examinations and stroke treatment. In addition, results from Radiology Assisting students and results from Public Protection students with a CBRNE focus can be compared to each other. The results can show us where students make the most mistakes and what information they know instead. Thus, the work can serve as a study material for students of all medical disciplines.
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