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Integration of foreign students in the Czech public higher education: difficulties and opportunities
Odintsova, Eugenia ; Machovcová, Kateřina (advisor) ; High, Radka (referee)
The central theme of this diploma thesis is to analyze key stress factors, which foreign background students meet during their integration in the Czech Republic. All respondents are recruited from the Eastern European countries, for instance, Russia, Ukraine, Belarus. Two main groups include: - students who are in the Czech Republic less than one year - students who are in the Czech Republic for more than one year The primary research method was using a semi-structured interview with eight respondents. For measuring acculturative stress level was used the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), which was filled in by 36 students. There were found differences in the adjustment level and language competence among two groups of students. This research has also confirmed the relationship between the length of stay in the Czech Republic a level of acculturative stress. KEYWORDS foreign students, stress factors, integration, public higher education
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Study on PHa biosynthesis by cyanobacteria
Drinka, Jakub ; Kouřilová, Xenie (referee) ; Obruča, Stanislav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis concerns with the effect of selected environmental stresses towards the viability of cyanobacterial species Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and Synechocystis salina CCALA 192. Both strains were studied via flow cytometry using the appropriate fluorochromes while also observing the applicability of these stains and precision of this method in the analysis of cyanobacterial cultures. In spite of the optimization being carried out, fluorescein diacetate was not suitable for the analysis of these cells because of their autofluorescence interfere with the fluorochrome emissions. Therefore, SYTOXTM Blue Dead Cell stain was used for the further experiments. A cryoprotective effect of polyhydroxybutyrate was observed during the freezing-thawing cycles. On the other hand, the culture rich in PHB seemed to be less resistant towards the oxidative stress induced by the hydrogen peroxide, probably justifiable by the state of chlorosis. Furthermore, this thesis deals with the increase/decrease in biomass concentration and intracellular PHB pool as a response to the external carbon source addition, analysed by the gas chromatography paired with FID detection. The most intesive cell growth in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 was detected in the presence of sodium acetate combined with gamma-butyrolactone while the highest PHB content in the medium supplied with acetate and 1,4-butanediol. Nevertheless, Synechocystis salina CCALA 192 showed markedly higher polyhydroxybutyrate accumulation under both photoautotrophic and mixotrophic conditions, the only non-suitable substrate was gamma-butyrolactone.
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Cultivation of microalgae and carotenogenic yeasts under stress conditions
Sniegoňová, Pavlína ; Skoumalová, Petra (referee) ; Szotkowski, Martin (advisor)
In biotechnological industry we can register greater use of microorganisms like microalgae and carotenogenic yeast for production of selected substances or for valorisation of waste materials. Among metabolites produced by these microorganisms are carotenoids, which are natural pigments with antioxidant and other biological effects. Other significant produced substances are lipids, which represent large range of substances in living organisms. They form cellular membranes and serve as a reservoir of energy. These substances can be used in food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry and also in production of biofuels. Theoretical part is focused on description of selected genera of microorganisms, their cultivation and produced metabolites. Stress factors to which they were exposed are also mentioned, as are the analytical methods used for detection of produced metabolites. Next part is dedicated to the comparison of production properties of selected microorganisms depending on used stress factor. Increased production of lipids in yeast is observed in C. macerans and S. metroseus with higher concentrations of FeCl3. While using whey as a source of ccarbon, yeasts show decreased production of carotenoids. Highest production of lipids in algae and cyanobacteria was observed in S. acutus and D. quadricaudea. Production of carotenoids depended on applien stress factor and highest productions was observed in C. sorokiniana, C. reinhardtii, D quadricaudea and Coccomyxa sp.
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Influence of stress and nutritional conditions on carotenogenic yeast and microalgal metabolism
Sikorová, Pavlína ; Byrtusová, Dana (referee) ; Szotkowski, Martin (advisor)
This bachelor thesis describes the infuence of biological stress (co-cultivations) on the growth and metabolism of selected carotenogenic yeasts and microalgae. The metabolites of these microorganisms are chlorophyll and carotenoids, which are natural pigments and antioxidants. In theory, co-cultivation is a cultivation where microorganisms mutually support each other in the growth and production of metabolites. This would cause the increased production of previously mentioned chlorophyll and carotenoids. The theoretical part of the work is focused on the description of selected species of yeasts and microalgae and further discusses in more detail, the topics of stress factors depending on the growth and metabolism of microorganisms. The experimental part then deals with different types of cultivation and cocultivation and tries to optimize the production media and find the best symbiotic yeasts and microalgae. Furthemore the issue of different ratios of microorganisms in co-cultivations is also addressed here. The cultivated yeasts strains were Rhodotorula kratochvilovae, Rhodosporidium toruloides and Phaffia rhodozyma. And microalgae strains were Desmodesmus acutus, Desmodesmus quadricauda, Coccomyxa sp., Chlorella sorokiniana, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and Scenedesmus obliquus. Cultivated cyanobacterium was Synechoccocus nidulans. The most successful co-cultivation experiment was the one with R. kratochvilovae and yeast Desm. quadricauda. This experiment was very succesful in all aspects.
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Effect of stress on pilot performance
Dedinský, Miroslav ; Zikmund, Pavel (referee) ; Šplíchal, Miroslav (advisor)
The main goal of this diploma thesis is to find out whether it is possible to measure stress during piloting. If so, it would be possible to develop systems that could help pilots in stressful situations and thus alleviate the stress, this would have great impact and possitively improve work performance. There are few similar studies in the field, the stress factors that affect the pilots and what physiological changes are observable in such situations. Finally, an experimental measurement is performed during three flights, which is aimed to demonstrate the information obtained and thus the possibility of measuring stress and the metod to do so.
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Stress management and personal growth in Organization
KAŠPAROVÁ, Jana
This bachelor's thesis focuses on personal growth as a means of coping with stress. The aim of the work is to analyse the stress factors in connection with personal growth. The aim of questionnaire survey of employees as well as unstructured interviews with employees and management is to analyse how the employees are interested in personal growth, how they manage stress and if the personal growth helps them to cope with stress more effectively. The main aim of this thesis is to research the stress factors and the effect of stress in connection with personal growth including suggestions for changes in the current stress management. Based on the questionnaire survey the suggestions for changes in the current stress management including the financial part are mentioned.
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Analysis of the daily physical demands of a TV teacher at a high school in the context of lessons of physical education and daily school
TRAXLER, Lukáš
The aim and the main intention of the thesis is to analyze the daily physical stress which teachers of physical education face. Information were gathered at the selected high school within hours of TV and the daily routine of the school. In the theoretical part of the thesis elaborated the chapter relating to the characteristics of the teacher, and then defined the concepts of learning and teaching styles. Other chapters relate to stress in the school environment and the transport of oxygen in a human's body. The last part was named energy expenditure in relation to the metabolism. Observated subjekt of the research pilot study was teacher who have been professionally educated and with qualification in physical education and geografy subjects. The measurement was carried out using the sporttester method and observation records have been added, along with tabular recorders of factors. Analysis of daily routine included 10 measuring days divided into three thematic units (athletics, volleyball and rhythmic gymnastics). The research was carried out from September to December in the year 2018. The analysis of units and days was focused on heart rate and energy expenditure of the body, including the factors that influence these variables. When the method of the analysis have been applied, the measurement method, the direct non-participating observation and an interview of an outline were used along.
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The risk of burnout among employees who directly care for the mentally disabled persons.
KARMAZINOVÁ, Renata
The major objective of this thesis is to determine the burnout risk of social services staff who care for mentally disabled people. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part defines the basic notions of burnout syndrome. It focuses on describing all symptoms, risk factors and stages of burnout syndrome. It also defines occupations where burnout syndrome is most prevalent and examines procedures and diagnosis methods, as well preventative measures and treatments for burnout syndrome. The second part of the thesis applies theoretical knowledge to determine risk and the factors of burnout syndrome within the target group, namely social service staff. It also provides feedback from an interview with the head of the target group. The results show burnout levels of social service staff and provides support mechanisms for effective leadership within the researched group of social service staff.
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Anthocyanins in plant leaves: protective function and spectroscopic detection
Nikodymová, Michaela ; Albrechtová, Jana (advisor) ; Urban, Otmar (referee)
Plants have to cope with the change in the various environmental factors, the change of these factors means stress for plants. Stress factors can cause damage that lead to inhibition of growth and photosynthesis, resulting in the extreme cases in the death of the whole organism and negatively affect farm yields. Plants have to develop defensive mechanisms, including the accumulation of anthocyanins in leaves. The aim of the present review is to summarize the knowledge about the influence of stress factors on the accumulation of anthocyanins in leaves and about the function of anthocyanins in the protection. Anthocyanins most often act as antioxidants that react with ROS and inactivate them, they can also act as filters against UV radiation and as a protection against herbivores. Further, there are summarized the knowledge about spectral methods of detection of anthocyanins in leaves with emphasis on non-destructive detection methods. Spectral methods allow the analysis of anthocyanins based on the interaction of the leaf and its chemical components with the incident radiation. The most commonly used method is UV-VIS spectrophotometry. In order to study pigment change in leaves during ontogenetic development, non-destructive methods of pigment detection should be used. Suitable method can allow us...
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