|
|
Perspectives of the Cuban Transition to Democracy
Fungačová, Hana ; Mlejnek, Josef (advisor) ; Dvořáková, Vladimíra (referee)
Diploma thesis "Perspectives of the Cuban Transition to Democracy" tries to analyze the current situation in Cuba and answer a question if the transition to democracy is possible and if so, in which period of time. It also tries to confirm or disprove two hypotheses set ahead: 'the transition to democracy is possible but only in a long period of time' and 'there will not be any changes during Fidel Castro's life'. This paper also tries to depict some theoretical models of the transition to democracy, brief history of Cuba which is indispensable for understanding of the current situation in Cuba and the perspectives of the future transition as well. The thesis also comprehensively deals with characterization of the current Cuban regime and its main representatives, analysis of the civil society and the inner opposition in Cuba and also with the international situation and its main actors which are able to to influence the current situation in Cuba and its future transition as well. There are also depicted some scenarios and factors of the future transition and briefly described some essential subsequent reforms though the application of some theoretical approaches on the analysis of the particular situation in Cuba.
|
|
| |
|
|
Democratic stability in Costa Rica
Caltová, Anna ; Soukup, Jaromír (advisor) ; Krausz Hladká, Malvína (referee)
- bachelor thesis Democratic Stability in Costa Rica Autor: Anna Caltová This bachelor thesis deals with the stability of democracy in Costa Rica. The aim was to find out how stable is democracy in this Latin American country and to try to estimate whether it is in danger of democratic collapse in the near future. J. Schumpeter's minimum definition, which was supplemented by the work of Robert A. Dahl was used to define the concept of democracy. Using the study Why Democracies Collapse: The Reasons for Democratic Failure and Success by Abraham Diskin, Hanna Diskin and Reuven Y. Hazan, five factors were selected to analyze the stability of democracy in Costa Rica. These factors included: historical experience with democracy, cleavages, the state of the country's economy, the stability of cabinet, and finally the pressure from foreign actors on domestic policy. The results of the work suggest that, except for the state of the economy, Costa Rica is in a relatively good position. Although the country's economy is sufficiently productive, its management by Costa Rican government, coupled with the unequal distribution of wealth among citizens and the economic recession caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, may result in a fall to dangerous levels. Because a study by Diskin et al clearly states that one...
|
|
| |
|
|
The Role of Constitutional Courts in Maintaining Political Stability in Latin America
Langhammerová, Šárka ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Lipovský, Milan (referee)
This thesis concerns the role of constitutional courts in maintaining stability in the country. The thesis first of all introduces the connection between the concepts of stability, security and democracy. With the help of the general theory of disputes and conflicts formed by Shonholtz and the definition of the various roles that courts can play with respect to a political system, this thesis attempts to outline how courts can contribute to security and stability in the country or how they, on the contrary, can disrupt it. In the practical part, the thesis focuses on the region of Latin America. Using the examples from selected countries (Bolivia, Venezuela and Argentina), this work tries to demonstrate the effect of decisions of constitutional courts on stability and security. Crucial in the assessment of their stabilization role is if the courts are able to evoke civic trust in a democratic system and if they have the ability to protect the system effectively. The role of courts in selected cases is assessed using the functional analysis.
|
|
|
Biopirátství v regionu Latinská Amerika
Vaško, Aneta
The thesis provides an insight into the issue of biopiracy in Latin America. The phenomenon of biopiracy is mostly connected with the forests in Brazil and Ecuador, which are concerned in the thesis. The first part of the thesis describes the two countries in terms of biodiversity and forest occurrence, as well as in terms of genetic resources and their exploitation. The thesis provides a comparative analysis of the two countries based on defined criteria. The aim of the comparative analysis is to determine which of the two countries is fighting against biopiracy more effectively. As a result of the comparative analysis the last part of the thesis includes some suggestions that can improve the current situation.
|
|
|
Problematika legalizace interrupce v zemích Latinské Ameriky: Komparativní analýza Argentiny a Uruguaye
Mertová, Denisa
MERTOVÁ D., The problem of legalization of abortion in Latin America: Comparative analysis of Argentina and Uruguay. Bachelor Thesis. Brno, 2019 The thesis deals with the progression of legalization of abortion in Latin America focusing on Argentina and Uruguay. The introduction discuss basic concepts, which are important for understanding the theme. Relationship of human rights and right to abortion is described in the following section of thesis. Furthemore, the work discuss influcence of The Church and its role in the proces of legalization. The status of women in Latin America is also described. The following part is dedicated to description of current situation of right to abortion in Latin America. The thesis is focusing on situation in Argentina and Uruguay, its comparation, differences, impact and future evolution.
|
|
|
Promena postoja latinskoamerických vlád k prijímaniu migrantov pod vplyvom venezuelskej krízy
Jankeová, Paulína
The thesis deals with the currently ongoing Venezuelan migration affecting the Latin American region. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the current state of the migration crisis in Venezuela, compare the approach of selected Latin American countries to migrants and analyze the transformation of these approaches. The main, analytical, part of the thesis is structured into three parts. The first section describes migration in Latin America in general. The next section contains an analysis of the economic and migration crisis in Venezuela. In the end, there is an analysis of the reactions of individual countries in the region.
|
|
|
Evo Morales and his political strategy
Sabolová, Ema ; Buben, Radek (advisor) ; Soukup, Jaromír (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the political strategy of the former Bolivian President Evo Morales (2006-2019). After successfully running in the 2005 presidential election, he became the first Bolivian president of Indian descent. Many authors believe that during the three election periods that Morales served in the country, there was a reversal in his political strategy, after he deviated from his original agenda of indigenous nature and began to pursue a tough extractivist policy focused on the development model of the state. The paper explores key concepts such as Indigenism, Indianism, and Katarismo and their development and influence in Bolivia. The work also tries to define the term developmentalism (development theory), which is of fundamental importance in the study of this issue. Closer attention is also paid to the personality of Evo Morales and his political activity. Based on both primary and secondary sources, we tried to define and explain the political turnaround that was to take place. The work deals with four key areas of Morales policy, the role of gas extraction, the president's relationship with exports, building infrastructure, and the autonomy of Native American movements. Based on the analysis of these areas, we examine whether there has been a political turnaround, which...
|
|
|
Venezuela and the UN Discourse on Human Rights
Šulcová, Jana ; Soukup, Jaromír (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
The worsening humanitarian situation in Venezuela, rising migration flows and political crisis escalating in the beginning of 2019 was reflected in the increased attention to human rights issues in Venezuela. The aim of this thesis is to outline through discourse analysis the discourse of top UN officials on human rights situation in Venezuela. The introductory part of this thesis clarifies the theoretical and methodological background for the analysis and introduces the topic of human rights in the context of social constructivism and the UN human rights system. The second part of the thesis includes the discourse analysis, which focuses on the character of the discourse of top UN officials on the human rights situation in Venezuela and the development of this discourse between 2017 and 2019, as well as differences among the discourses of the UN Secretary General António Guterres, UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Michelle Bachelet and her predecessor, Zeid Ra'ad Al Hussein. The discourse analysis is based on James Paul Gee's method, consisting of seven building tasks of language. These building tasks include significance, practices, identities, relationships, politics, connections and sign systems and knowledge. The primary materials for the analysis consist of three OHCHR reports from 2017-...
|
guest ::
