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U.S. Intelligence Community Reform Post-9/11: Strengthening the U.S.'s Ability to Fight Terrorism?
Bernardyová, Alžběta ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Bureš, Oldřich (referee)
Diploma thesis "U.S. Intelligence Community Reform Post-9/11: Strengthening the U.S.'s Ability to Fight Terrorism?" examines the reform of the U.S. intelligence community after the terrorist attacks of 9/11 implemented in order to improve ability of the United States to counter terrorist threats. A simple input-output model developed within systems theory is used to evaluate the post-9/11 intelligence reform outputs on the basis of effectiveness and efficiency. The criteria of 'effectiveness' has been conceptualized as the ability of the intelligence community to prevent surprise attacks, whereas 'efficiency' has been operationalized as measures undertaken at the organizational level within the intelligence community in order to prevent terrorist attacks. The evidence presented in this thesis suggests that the U.S. intelligence community since 9/11 is mostly effective (i.e. there has not been any successful terrorist attack). However, it is not efficient due to organizational problems, which include lack of leadership, inability or unwillingness to cooperate and share information, and to provide the right incentives for current personnel and potential recruits to the intelligence community. These institutional deficiencies cause inefficiency of the intelligence community, which consequently endanger the...
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Infant and childhood mortality in Prague in the second half of the 19th centtury
Konrádová, Jitka ; Bartoňová, Dagmar (referee) ; Fialová, Ludmila (advisor)
The objective of this study is an analysis of infant and child mortality in Prague in the second half of the 19th century. The analysis is based on the dataset obtained from church register of selected parishes in Prague and from Austrian statistics. This study is also related to demographic theories and historical context. The death of infants and children under the age of five and infant mortality rate are analysed in dependence on sex, age and legitimacy of children. The causes of death and the seasonal trends of mortality are studied, too. The results of analysis approve the considerable decline of infant and child mortality rates in Prague and also in singles parishes, but intensity of this decline is different. Comparative analysis demonstrates that this decline occurred quite earlier and with higher acceleration in Prague compared to Czech countryside. This development and also the differences within the parishes are attached to faster expansion, advancement and modernisation of Prague (especially of some districts) in the period of global revolution. Among these changes the phenomenal progression of medical science was the main feature and its great importance to the mortality decrease is incontestable. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Social security in Sweden, Spain and Great Britain
Gáborová, Aneta ; Chvátalová, Iva (advisor) ; Spirit, Michal (referee)
The aim of the bachelor thesis is to describe social security in chosen states of the European Union, concretely in Sweden, Spain and Great Britain and to point out to their different or similar characteristics. The thesis is related to social security, its development, international state and its position at the level of European Union. There is also solved the question of social states typology. Each of the stated states represents one type of social states according to division of Mr. Esping-Andersen, in accordance to his theory social states, so-called "welfare states", are divided into 3 types. Each one is represented by one state in this thesis. The social-democratic type is represented by Sweden, corporatist-statist type by Spain and liberal type by Great Britain. Individual types and states are presented and their social security is described. Subsequently comparison is mentioned and its task is to compare social security in selected states.
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Legal protection of databases
Šlajerová, Martina ; Boháček, Martin (advisor) ; Menčl, Jakub (referee)
The rising importance of technological development especially in Europe and the USA, which are the largest producers of databases, requires an internationally unified regulation for the protection of databases. The aim of this thesis is to present these issues and highlight the shortcomings of the current and proposed legislation in order to determine adequate legal protection of databases and how this can be achieved. The first chapter provides an overview of the definitions and the basic concepts. This includes the protection of databases by copyright and the sui generis right and a list of criteria in order to establish adequate legal protection. The second chapter outlines the legal protection of databases in the European Community, including the current legal system, its benefits and drawbacks and alternative protection to sui generis. Additionally the theories and current judicial practice are presented to further clarify the issue. The third chapter deals with the alternative legal protection to copyright of databases in the U.S. that in many ways differs from the European legislation. Similarly both copyright and database protection alternatives are presented in terms of legislation, case law and theories relevant to this area. The fourth and last chapter focuses on the international regulation of databases, and any potential changes in international regulation with regard to protecting databases. Moreover theories and rulings in this area are presented. Finally all the important points of this thesis are summarized and adequate legal measures for the protection of databases are suggested based on the advantages and disadvantages of the current forms of protection and judicial practice.
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The taxation in United States and suggestions for Czech tax law
Dugová, Alena ; Láchová, Lenka (advisor) ; Teklý, Lukáš (referee)
The diploma thesis provides the reader with a comprehensive view of the U.S. tax system and other vital information about U.S. taxation. The thesis deals with analysis of the tax system in the United States, which can be characterized as very sophisticated and complex. The basic tax theory in the context of the U.S. environment are stated in the first part of thesis. The paper also includes information about taxes that are levied on U.S. federal, state and municipal level. The thesis deals with the anti-crisis measures introduced and proposed in the United States in fiscal matters. The significant part is focused on the possibility of implementation of tax issues to the Czech tax law. The thesis contains also proposals for improvement of the Czech tax law, particularly the improvement of tax payment discipline and enhancing legal certainty. The possible procedural elements, the access and quality of information, the reducing the tax burden, the tax structure and education in taxation could also improve the Czech tax system.
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Semantic characteristics of paremias with key word "water" (an attempt at comparative analysis within Russian and Czech)
Kipchatov, Mikhail ; Kedron, Katerina (advisor) ; Rajnochová, Natalie (referee)
The bachelor thesis describes semantic specifics of the Czech and Russian paremias which include "water" as a key word. The aim of the thesis is to discover similarities and differences among paremias which incorporate the "water" component formally. The main methods displayed in the following thesis are comparative and semantic analysis. In Part 1 the main group of paremias (proverbs and sayings) problematics is described, as well as their interaction with other types of fixed expressions (phrasemes, idioms, adages etc.). Part 2 contains two classifications one of which is based on semantic properties of the "water" component; the classification includes the most typical oppositions within which the component is realised in Czech and Russian. The second classification of paremias with key word "water" is founded on the theory of semantic fields (taxa).
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The analysis of development of Czech industry
Mynářová, Barbora ; Lukáš, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Kalínská, Emílie (referee)
The experience from the period between world wars shows us, that providing right treatment of given potential it is possible to keep up with the world - class level.Directive way of managing the economy did not work properly with strong and weak sides of the industry and tried to push it within barriers that do not correspond it's long term development. Finally in 90's the Czech industry was given a second chance to learn from it's mistakes. How did it dispose with it? The totalitarian regime was very thorough at following it's own theories and so it decimated the industry. Also the business culture after 40 years suffered. Before there was too much state supervision, during the transformation it disapeared. New - born business sector had to rely on it's own strength and under the given conditions it did well. Yet strong competition on foreign markets unmuffled some of the shortcomings in the Czech export-oriented industry. Considering the necessity to strenghten the competitiveness, government was obliged to pay more attention to industrial policy.
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Internet user's typology concerning communication of PET FOOD commodity
Salavová, Marta ; Postler, Milan (advisor) ; Jánoš, Marián (referee)
The thesis focuses on commercial communications, in particular on new media and on-line communication in the PET FOOD market. The theoretical part is based on evaluation of current marketing and market segmentation status from the point of view of "4P" theory by E. Jerome Mc Carthy. This part is aimed at inner enterprise information systems used for market segmentation and market studies of consumer typology as well. The theoretical part is concluded with a chapter on new media and Internet as a form of on-line communication. The practical part is based on an analysis of the Czech Internet user and case study about the Pedigree brand on-line communication. The thesis is based on the knowledge of on-line communications, the Czech Internet user and the PET FOOD market. It is aimed at analysis of current Pedigree on-line communication with using of its cunsumers' typology and recommendation for improvement at the level of own web sites as well as entire on-line communication strategy.
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Somatomotor and somatosensory modulation of pain in the EEG and fMR image
Vrána, Jiří ; Stančák, Andrej (advisor) ; Vymazal, Josef (referee) ; Jech, Robert (referee) ; Hájek, Milan (referee)
Pain processing is modulated at different levels of the central nervous system by concurrent sensory and motor processes. From previous studies with innocuous somatosensory evoked potentials we know of the phenomenon of gating by movement. The classical explanation [Melzack R, Wall PD. Pain mechanisms: a new theory. Science 1965;150(699):971-979.] of the mechanism of gating in the posterior horn of spinal cord is complemented by other, lesser understood data, suggesting supraspinal mechanisms. A similar lack of understanding of the cortical mechanisms is seen in pain modulating methods using concurrent electrical nerve stimulation. This work is intended to further our understanding of the cortical mechanisms of pain modulation in the specific cases of (a) isometric muscle contraction of the right or left hand during painful electrical intraepidermal stimulation of the right index finger and (b) during observation of the acute effects of concurrent innocuous median nerve stimulation on painful tonic thermal stimulation of the thenar eminence.
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LEARNING PROCESSES DURING CZECH REGIONAL ACTORS' PARTICIPATION IN INTERREG PROGRAMMES
Basařová, Tereza ; Kasáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Hauser, Jan (referee)
This diploma thesis examines the participation of Czech regional actors in the transnational and interregional branches of the INTERREG program in 2007-2013, using organizational learning theory. It focuses on learning processes on individual, group, and organizational levels. To a smaller extent, it also examines dissemination of knowledge towards other actors on the local and European level. The aim of the thesis is to find out whether these learning processes take place on all the mentioned levels and also to uncover the main obstacles of these processes. The method of the research is a questionnaire survey combined with semi-structured interviews. The research reveals that both individual and group learning take place during the projects. The most common barriers are complications stemming from differing environments of the actors (different political, institutional, legal, or administrative environments). Organizational learning takes place as well, but to a smaller extent than learning on the preceding levels. The main problem is the preservation of tacit knowledge. The research also suggests that effective dissemination of knowledge towards other local actors takes place as well. However, the relevance of the final project outcomes for other EU actors appears to be rather low.
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