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Invasive fish species in the Czech Republic
Lusk, Stanislav ; Lusková, Věra
In the Czech Republic, the following fish species are evaluated as invasive: Carassius auratus, a species showing a significantly negative influence on the occurrence of native species Carassius carassius and Tinca tinca in natural habitats. Certain manifestations and properties (such as the invasive way of dispersal, numerous populations, great ecological tolerance etc.) typical of invasive species can also be seen in Pseudorasbora parva, Ameiurus nebulosus, and Proterorhinus marmoratus. In some of its manifestations, even Cteropharyngodon idella can affect biodiversity in a negative way. One cannot exclude the future invasion or introduction of any alien species evaluated as invasive, particularly those of the genus Neogobius that occur in the Slovakian part of the Danube, and Perccottus glenii that has already invaded the Tisza River drainage area and the lower part of the Danube.
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Lexical neology in contemporary Russian
Kšandová, Drahoslava ; Chlupáčová, Kamila (advisor) ; Lendělová, Věra (referee) ; Savický, Nikolaj (referee)
An important milestone in the development of Russian became the 80s of the 20th century. Significant social changes caused by «perestroika» in political, economic and social fields obviously had to be reflected in the language. The beginning of these changes is characterized by the exchange of entire parts of lexis. Lexical units from an active lexis were transferred to its periphery and vice versa - words from a passive lexis having been already comprehended as historicisms retumed to its centre. ln the next period, Russian must cope with the inflow of non-standard lexis, which «floods» written work and oral speeches as well. The standard language is under a big pressure of substandard language fields, such as colloquial language, jargon, argot. A new part of lexis was being talked about - common jargon or interjargon. Since the changes started, Russian has had to cope with a big inflow of foreign words, borrowed particularly from English and its American variant, which serves especially for the designation of new objects, phenomena and processes, but also as the substitution of already existing multiword domestic expressions. Lots of borrowings also become synonyms to already existing oneword Russian equivalents. Borrowing Anglicisms is of bigger dynamics aH the time, and in present Russian, Anglicisms...
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ACD Model and the Czech Capital Market
Moravová, Anna ; Beneš, Viktor (referee) ; Šmíd, Martin (advisor)
This study is concerned with the autoregressive conditional duration model (ACD) and its applications on the data from the Prague Stock exchange. The ACD model is particularly suitable for the analysis of data which arrive at irregular time intervals. We treat the time between events as a stochastic process. We apply the ACD model to model the intervals between the trades with the stock of Komerčn' Banka at the Prague Stock Exchange in the year 2004. The parameters are estimated by the maximum likelihood method. Further, an extension of the ACD model - the ACD-ACM model - is studied. ACM model is used to model the discrete price changes in the stock prices. The distribution of each price change is considered to be a random variable with distribution conditional on the past price changes and other explanatory variables. The ACD-ACM model is applied to the quote data of the stock of Czech Telecom from the year 2004. The results of the calculations are compared with the results presented by Engle and Russel in their studies from the years 1998 and 2005.
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Robust Estimator of Persistence in Financial Time Series
Jeřábek, Jakub ; Hanzák, Tomáš (referee) ; Vošvrda, Miloslav (advisor)
The goal of this thesis is to develop a novel robust log-periodogram regression method to detect the presence of long memory in time series. By the use of the Least Trimmed Squares regression we obtain an estimator that is less sensitive to outliers and leverage points, which is highly desirable particularly because the Periodogram estimator itself is prone to such inhomogeneities. In a Monte Carlo study, the new estimator provides smaller bias than the classical Least Squares log-Periodogram estimator. On the other hand the variability of estimation is increased. The proposed estimator is compared to existing long memory estimators on a case study of international currency exchange rates.
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Development of the economy of Croatia at te beginning of the twenty-first century (2001 to 2009)
Vančurová, Petra ; Karpová, Eva (advisor) ; Suchá, Tereza (referee)
This paper will evaluate the economic development of Croatia from 2001 to 2009. The paper consists of three chapters. The first chapter briefly describes the economic development in the second half of the 20th century. The second chapter contains a general characterisation of the contemporary economic and political situation of Croatia and then describes the economic development of Croatia from 2001 to 2009 -- particularly the development of selected macroeconomic indicators and quantities such as GDP, inflation, unemployment, balance of payments and development of the exchange rate. The third chapter discusses the readiness of Croatia for entrance into the EU.
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Preparation of 64Cu and its prospective carriers for nuclear medicine.
Kozempel, Ján ; Lešetický, Ladislav (advisor) ; Kotek, Jan (referee) ; John, Jan (referee) ; Příhoda, Jiří (referee)
5 Summary The preparation of 64Cu including it's radiochemical separation and the preparation of its novel radiolabelled tracers intended for the use in nuclear medicine is described in this work. A novel method for the preparation of no carrier added 64Cu, based on the 64Zn(d,2p)64Cu reaction and consecutive dual ion exchange chromatography was developed. The radiochemical product was of high specific activity and with only 61Cu radionuiclidic impurity, which allows it's use for in vitro laboratory experiments or in vivo preclinical tests of labelled tracers. We have focused on the preparation of several 64Cu labelled tracers. Two different types - water soluble polymer carriers and hypoxia selective biacetyl bis- (N4-alkylthiosemicarbazone) complexes of 64Cu were prepared. The water soluble polymer carriers based on the copolymers of NIPAM, GM and HPMA bearing various chelating groups were prepared. The polymeric chain was modified by copolymerization of a monomer with chelating functional group or modified after polymerization. Two standard polyacidic chelators (DOTA, DTPA) as well as three non-common copper chelators (dipicolylamine, thiosemicarbazide, Ag ionophore II) were used. Their potential use in nuclear medicine for local radio- or combined ...
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Ecumenism in Tomáš Špidlík's literary work
Bubníková, Anna ; Červenková, Denisa (advisor) ; Sládek, Karel (referee)
RÉSUMÉ Ecumenism in Tomáš Špidlík's literary work The paper "Ecumenism in Tomáš Špidlík's literary work" aims to introduce the figure of this theologian, Jesuit and cardinal, to acquaint the reader with his view on spirituality of eastern Christianity and particularly with themes concerning ecumenism, of which the author is a prominent exponent. The paper is divided into three parts. The first one deals with ecumenism in terms of historical context. It shows the moments when the church divided and new separate churches were born. It emphasizes the formation of ecumenical movement and the second Vatican council, which was one of the greatest ecclesiological councils and also a council of ecumenism. The second part focuses on the person of cardinal Tomáš Špidlík, his personal growth and circumstances that eventually led him to the eastern spirituality. The third part concerns ecumenism in Tomáš Špidlík's literary work. It concentrates on eastern spirituality in the point of view of T. Špidlík and eastern authors that influenced him. It shows the diversions and connections between western and eastern churches, e.g. the Trinity which examples the unity, and Mary, who is a bridge between the East and the West. Moreover, the paper deals with priority of a free person and prayer of heart, which is the foremost...
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Dark Web: Black market on the internet and its impact on the Czech national economy in the years 2011-2015
Nedvědová, Barbora ; Štípek, Vladimír (advisor) ; Klement, Josef (referee)
The main goal of this thesis is to analyse the influence of the Dark Web on the national economy of the Czech Republic between the years 2012 and 2014. The term 'the Dark Web' and basic elements, which are related to the internet black market, are analysed in the theoretical part of the thesis. The practical part of the thesis contains the estimation of the impact of the Dark Web on the national economy, particularly on national accounts, and other macroeconomic indicators such as GDP, tax colletion, the size of the grey market and the black market, employment and exchange rates. The estimation is based on the available data from both the Czech Republic and abroad. Time periods, in which the mentioned macroeconomic indicators from the Czech Republic are affected, are determined at end of the thesis. By using available data, it is possible to prove the influence of the Dark Web on the Czech national economy and on the mentioned macroeconomic indicators. For example, in 2014, the Dark Web accounted for less than 9 per mille of the GDP of the Czech Republic. Another conclusion is that the Dark Web contributed less than 0,1 % to the grey economy, and less than 2 % to the illegal economy. The internet black market accounted for nearly 8 per mille of the revenue of social security and health insurance.
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Monitoring of water use, druought and yield impacts of winter wheat using imaginery from satellites
Jurečka, František ; Anderson, M. ; Hlavinka, Petr ; Semerádová, Daniela ; Trnka, Miroslav ; Hain, C. ; Gao, F. ; Yang, Y. ; Žalud, Zdeněk
Remote sensing can be very useful tool for drought monitoring, providing valuable information about yield-limiting moisture conditions and crop response under current climate conditions. In this study the Atmosphere-land Exchange Inverse (ALEXI) model was used. The ALEXI model uses the morning surface temperature (LST) rise and provides information on the surface moisture status. In this paper correlations between yields and satellite indicators of crop water use or evapotranspiration (ET) were studied for the period 2002-2014. Correlations were studied for winter wheat at district scale in Vysocina, Jihomoravsky and Olomoucky regions since winter wheat is one of the traditional and most important crops grown in these regions. The Evaporative Stress Index (ESI) was used for these correlations as an ET-based index. Time series of Pearson correlation coefficient (r) computed between ESI and winter wheat yields at district scale were analysed. Strongest correlations are associated with districts within the Southern Moravian lowlands in Jihomoravsky and Olomoucky region, where frequency of occurrence of severe drought was highest over the period of record. Severe drought resulted in significant yield impacts, particularly in years 2003 and 2012. Correlations tend to be lower over the highlands districts of Vysocina and surroundings. In these districts, yields are more temperature than moisture limited and were more stable over the period of record.
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The central bank and its function in the economy
Guth, Karel ; Kopecká, Lenka (advisor) ; Soukup, Alexandr (referee)
The following thesis describes the importance of the central bank in the states economy and its position in the structure of the banking and financial system. It deals with its monetary policy and functions such as the role of the state bank, issuance activity or the regulation and supervision of commercial banks. The theoretical part is concluded by describing the Maastricht convergence criteria, which is built on in a questionnaire survey of the practical part.
The practical part is divided into two sections. The first is focused on the exchange rate as a monetary tool of the Czech National Bank. It attempts to compare how successfully CNB has achieved its predictions from 2014 (the year when the foreign exchange interventions were initiated). The second section contains an interpretation of the results from the survey, with the aim of identifying the attitudes of Czech citizens towards adopting the euro currency. Subsequently, testing of a statistical hypothesis for contingency between selected issues was performed and connections within the columnar frequency of the contingency tables were observed and picked out.
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