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Immunotherapy of ovarian carcinoma with dendritic cells
Partlová, Simona ; Rožková, Daniela (advisor) ; Froňková, Eva (referee)
V ANGLICKÉM JAZYCE Immunotherapy of ovarian carcinoma with dendritic cells Anticancer immunotherapy is a therapeutical strategy aimed at elicitation and maintenance of immune responses against cancer cells. In this study we have focused on immunotherapy of ovarian cancer, because it is one of the most common gynaecological tumors with poor prognosis and high mortality. Our immunotherapy protocol involves preparing dendritic cells (DC) from monocytes isolated from patient's peripheral blood, which are subsequently pulsed with irradiated cells of established ovarian cancer cell line. These immature pulsed DC are maturated and subsequently co-cultivated with autologous T lymphocytes. The aim of this study was to demonstrate, that DC are able to elicit specific immune response after addition of suitable mature agens in combination with apoptotic ovarian tumor cells. Our observations indicate that 24 hours are sufficient for induction of tumor cells apoptosis. Additionally, we have shown that DC successfully ingested most of the apoptotic tumor cells after 4 hours of co-incubation. Furthermore, we have found out that ingestion of apoptotic cells by dendritic cells, which are stimulated with polyI:C, inhibits maturation of DC and consequently also production of cytokines IL-12p70, IL-6 and TNF-α. Whereas...
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Importance of trombophilic mutations in clinical genetic.
Vavrušková, Klára ; Kuklík, Miloslav (advisor) ; Černá, Marie (referee)
Trombophilia means an increased disposition to creation of trombs. Health complication incurred as a consequence of hypercoagulation can be very serious. When a trombophilic mutation is found at a patient, it brings necassity of thrombosis - control in risk situations (e.g. pregnancy, operation) for the rest of the patient's life. There were filed 300 people (206 women and 94 men) with trombophilic mutations into my study of clinical signification of trombophilic mutations. These people were examinated in years 2008 - 2010. Most of positive medical findings - 266 people, were recorded in the area of MTHFR (C677T i A1298C) mutations. There were less findings in the field of FV Leiden and FII prothrombin mutations. Multipath trombophilic mutations were found at 99 patients. I accordance with foreign literature, our results advert to clinical consequences of trombophilic mutations like: repeated spontanious aborts, cerebrovascular akcident (CA), ischaemic heart disease (IHD), thrombosis, flebothrombosis, pulmonary embolism, varicose veins, aseptic necrosis of hip bone, arterial sclerosis and aortic stenosis. Mutations MTHFR C677T and MTHFR A1298C we found mainly at patients with CA, IM and IHD. Leiden mutation was most often found at patients with thrombosis, flebothrombosis and pulmonary embolism. We...
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Phosphates containing food and their implications for osteoporosis
Šobáň, Jan ; Rambousková, Jolana (advisor) ; Černá, Milena (referee)
Phosphates containing food and their implications for osteoporosis Phosphates are salts of phosphoric acid resulting from the secession of three acidic hydrogen from it. Phosphates are found in natural foods such as nuts, legumes, cereals, meat and offal. Phosphorus is also being added to foods industrially for its' various chemical properties. From more than 1 500 "E's" I found 16 that contain phosphates and thus significantly increase the supply of phosphorus in the body. Usual daily intake of phosphorus is about 1 g. Increased intake of phosphorus forms an acidic environment in the kidney and calcium phosphate complexes, and thus leads to calcium removing from the body and bone demineralization. "E's" containing phosphates are frequently found in meat products, processed cheese, confectionery, bakery products, cola beverages, frozen and instant foods. Most commonly used additive is E-338 phosphoric acid. Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by a small amount of bone mass and de- terioration of bone micro-architecture resulting in increased fragility and fracture risk. The Czech Republic declares to have 600 000 patients treated for osteoporosis.
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The influence od educational to maintenance of secondary prevention rules of myocardial infarction
ŠÍMOVÁ, Martina
This bachelor thesis deals with the effects of educational plans on the compliance with the principles of the secondary prevention of myocardial infarction. The theoretical background covers atherosclerosis, acute myocardial infarction, the secondary prevention of myocardial infarction and the educational process in nursing. Prior to elaborating the practical part of the thesis we had established two objectives. Objective 1: To find out whether the patients educated without an educational plan are as knowledgeable as the patients educated through an educational plan. Objective 2: To compare whether the patients educated without an educational plan comply with the principles of the secondary prevention of myocardial infarction in the same way as the patients with an educational plan. A qualitative form of research had been chosen for this thesis, semi-standardized interview in particular. The analysis of the data gained was subsequently carried out. Two objectives had been established in the thesis. Objective 1: To find out whether the patients educated without an educational plan are as knowledgeable as the patients educated through an educational plan. Through the analysis of the obtained data we found out that the patients educated without an educational plan are as knowledgeable as the patients educated through an educational plan. Objective 2: To compare whether the patients educated without an educational plan comply with the principles of the secondary prevention of myocardial infarction in the same way as the patients with an educational plan. Having compared the results we found out that the patients with an educational plan comply with the principles of the secondary prevention more consistently than the patients educated without an educational plan. The objectives of the thesis were met.
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Phenotypical characterization of the healthy human cornea and the alterations caused by posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy
Reinštein Merjavá, Stanislava ; Jirsová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Martínek, Jindřich (referee) ; Čejková, Jitka (referee)
Purpose: The aim of this work was to characterize the healthy human cornea and the cornea of patients suffering from posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy (PPCD) using different antibodies. Despite the fact that PPCD is a very rare disorder, one of the largest groups of PPCD patients in the world comes from the Czech Republic. This offers us the opportunity to investigate the changes on the clinical, cellular and molecular levels. Material and Methods: A collection of 25 control corneas as well as 16 pathological corneas from PPCD patients were used. Epithelial (cytokeratins) and mesothelial markers (mesothelin, calbindin 2, HBME-1 protein) were detected in all layers of the healthy corneas using immunocyto- and immunohistochemistry. The expression of all markers was confirmed using molecular methods as well (RT-PCR and Western blot). Changes in the expression of cytokeratins and changes in the extracellular matrix structure (collagen IV and VIII) were studied in the PPCD corneas. Combined fluorescent immunohistochemistry with fluorescence in situ hybridization were used in order to characterize the origin of abnormal cells on the posterior graft surface, which cause the recurrence of the PPCD after penetrating keratoplasty surgery. Results: Changes in the cytokeratin expression (strong...
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The prognostic significance of molecular markers of acute myeloid leukemia on the outcome of allogeneie hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Karas, Michal ; Holubec, Luboš (advisor) ; Faber, Edgar (referee) ; Žák, Pavel (referee)
In this thesis entitled " The prognostic significance of molecular markers of acute myeloid leukemia on the outcome of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation " the author deals with the following issues: 1. In the literature overview: the author characterizes the epidemiology, patogenesis, diagnostics, prognosis and treatment of acute myeloid leukemia, focusing on evaluation of different prognostic markers in relation to the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia mainly using allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. 1. The methodological section characterizes the following: a) Groups of patients and methods of clinical evaluation in: Detailed characteristics of 60 patients with acute myeloid leukemia with normal karyotype and NPM1 gene mutations in complete remission who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation on Haematology and oncology department of University Hospital Pilsen in the years 2005-2014. The evaluation of other parameters of the underlying disease, and a detailed description of transplant procedure (donor selection, the type of pre-transplantation preparation etc.) is also part of characteristics. b) The timing and method of sampling for evaluation of the level of minimal residual disease before transplantation. Description of the method for...
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BK-polyomavirus infection in patients after simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation
Mindlová, Martina ; Saudek, František (advisor) ; Forstová, Jitka (referee) ; Reischig, Tomáš (referee)
Introduction. The aim of the study was to introduce a new BKV PCR protocol in our centre and to verify its accuracy as well as to assess the prevalence, risk factors of BK virus replication, course of BKV infection and therapeutic approaches in simultaneous pancreas and kidney (SPK) recipients in order to design a screening protocol. Methods. The results analysed by both Affigene® and Transplantation Virology, Basel PCR protocols were compared. Thereafter 183 SPK patients were examined to assess the prevalence of BK viremia, viruria and BKVN and to identify the risk factors of BKV replication. The cases of retransplantation after a graft loss due to BKVN were retrospectively described. Results. 100 of results were analysed according to the Affigene ® and Transplantation Virology, Basel PCR protocols with the accordance of 95%, Rho = 0,946, 95% CI: 0.920 - 0.963, P<0,0001, Bland-Altman plot analyses: bias Basel PCR protocol/Affigene® BKV trender: -0,1 (mean) *±1.96 SD: -1,6 - 1,3] for both methods. Point-prevalence was assessed in 183 patients; Viruria found in 17,3 %, viremia in 3.8% of patients. High-level viruria >107 copies/mL detected in 3,7% of patiets, high-level virémia >104 in 1,6% of patients simultaneously with high-level viruria. BKVN was found in 0,5% of patients. Diabetes duration...
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Effect of a comprehensive rehabilitation program of children with asthma bronchiale
Vránová, Eva ; Hošková, Blanka (advisor) ; Majorová, Simona (referee)
Title: Effect of a comprehensive rehabilitation program of children with asthma bronchiale Objectives: The main objective of this thesis is to show the usefulness and necessity of physical therapy in children with bronchial asthma and how does it affect them. Another objective was to summarize the possible available methods with demonstrations of examples of individual exercises that can be used for this disease. The aim was also monitoring and evaluation of the patient's subjective feelings. Methods: In the thesis we carried out a single arm experiment, where we used comprehensive kinesiology analysis of individual subjects and the methods of lung function tests. From the lung function test, we chose the spirometry test by method of curve flow / capacity and also we used the peak expiratory flow monitoring using peak-flow-meter. We compared the subjective feelings of clients at the beginning and the end of the treatment program. In the period we watched the changes of value in individual measuring techniques. Results: We found that a comprehensive treatment of children asthma has a significant impact on their posture and also on the respiratory functions and subjective perception of individual symptoms investigated clients. All clients received the same treatment and each of them occurred in...
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Renal Biopsy in Diabetes, Comparison of Morphology and Clinical Symptoms
Kruntorád, Vít ; Rychlík, Ivan (advisor)
Diploma student work can bring many beneficial skills and useful knowledge. It mainly on him, how much is ready to put time, energy and creative potential. I managed to find the unique theme of work, I have also become a big challenge. The main motivation was Considering that the work has clear clinical meaning and perhaps even impact. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious disease significantly changing the current life of the patient. Good control and treatment disease requires patient discipline in lifestyle and respect of medical schemes. However, even with goodcompensation diabetes may progress and reduce the quality of life affected. This is mainly on chronic complications specific for this disease - that is affected eye, kidney and polyneuropatické. The theme of this work is just one the most serious chronic komlikací diabetes and diabetic nephropathy. We tried to map the situation of kidney damage in diabetics, its dependence on selected clinical parameters and some prognostic parameters. The information that we have collected will be further used in the project of the Czech Society of Nephrology (CNS) within the Czech registry of renal biopsy (CRRB) - Renal biopsy in diabetic patients, survey results in 1999-2003, which isfinancially fully backed by the CNS. Is the exclusive property of CRRB CNS, the...
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