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Modern Asymptotic Perspectives on Errors-in-variables Modeling
Pešta, Michal
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Mathematics and Physics ABSTRACT OF DOCTORAL THESIS Michal Pešta MODERN ASYMPTOTIC PERSPECTIVES ON ERRORS-IN-VARIABLES MODELING A linear regression model, where covariates and a response are subject to errors, is considered in this thesis. For so-called errors-in-variables (EIV) model, suitable error structures are proposed, various unknown parameter estimation techniques are performed, and recent algebraic and statistical results are summarized. An extension of the total least squares (TLS) estimate in the EIV model-the EIV estimate-is in- vented. Its invariant (with respect to scale) and equivariant (with respect to the covariates' rotation, to the change of covariates direction, and to the interchange of covariates) properties are derived. Moreover, it is shown that the EIV estimate coincides with any unitarily invariant penalizing solution to the EIV problem. It is demonstrated that the asymptotic normality of the EIV estimate is computationally useless for a construction of confidence intervals or hypothesis testing. A proper bootstrap procedure is constructed to overcome such an issue. The validity of the bootstrap technique is proved. A simulation study and a real data example assure of its appropriateness. Strong and uniformly strong mixing errors are taken...
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Methods of measurement and evaluation of biological age
Řeháková, Štěpánka ; Klemera, Petr (advisor) ; Ďoubal, Stanislav (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biophysics and Physical Chemistry Candidate: Štěpánka Řeháková Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Petr Klemera, CSc. Title of diploma thesis: Methods of measurement and evaluation of biological age The theoretical part of this thesis deals with theories of aging, the concept of biological age, biomarkers of aging and the evaluation of various methods of determining of the biological age of people. Real data are evaluated in the practical part by using the program BIOLVEK. Simulated data with different selected parameters, generated and evaluated by program BIOLVEK, verify some characteristics of the methodology resulting from the theory. It is mainly about to assess the real possibility of estimating of the true variability of differences between biological and chronological age and about to what extent the inaccuracies of the estimate affect the error of estimate of biological age. Key words: biological age, biomarkers, estimation of biological age, aging
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Contribution to the formulation of polyester nanoparticles with terbinafine
Sulíková, Barbora ; Dittrich, Milan (advisor) ; Matysová, Ludmila (referee)
Charles Univerzity in Prague Faculty Of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Candidate: Barbora Sulíková Consultant: Doc. RNDr. Milan Dittrich, CSc. Title of thesis: Contribution to the formulation of polyester nanoparticles with terbinafine In the theoretical part of this thesis are published some basic information concerning some aspects of nanotechnology as perspective field of human activity, indicated main possibilities of the realisation of nanotechnological methods used for ameliorating the pharmacotherapy efficiency, described nanoparticulate systems used as drug carriers, and also presented for the praxis valuable methods of nanoparticles preparation with relevancy for the eventual production in the future. The experimental part of the thesis refers about granulometric characterisation of nanoparticles prepared from terpolymer of DL-lactic acid, glycolic acid, and tripentaerythritol by the emulsion- solvent distribution method via emulsion of the o/w type. The reason of the nanoparticles selection was in the use of them as potential carrier for prolongation of liberation or targeting of antimycotic drug terbinafine. The experimental variables selected as studied factors was concentration of polymeric carrier, concentration of the base of terbinafine in the...
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ACD Model and the Czech Capital Market
Moravová, Anna ; Beneš, Viktor (referee) ; Šmíd, Martin (advisor)
This study is concerned with the autoregressive conditional duration model (ACD) and its applications on the data from the Prague Stock exchange. The ACD model is particularly suitable for the analysis of data which arrive at irregular time intervals. We treat the time between events as a stochastic process. We apply the ACD model to model the intervals between the trades with the stock of Komerčn' Banka at the Prague Stock Exchange in the year 2004. The parameters are estimated by the maximum likelihood method. Further, an extension of the ACD model - the ACD-ACM model - is studied. ACM model is used to model the discrete price changes in the stock prices. The distribution of each price change is considered to be a random variable with distribution conditional on the past price changes and other explanatory variables. The ACD-ACM model is applied to the quote data of the stock of Czech Telecom from the year 2004. The results of the calculations are compared with the results presented by Engle and Russel in their studies from the years 1998 and 2005.
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Postpenitential care - utilization of coaching interview method
Selmbacherová, Tereza ; Buriánek, Jiří (advisor) ; Podaná, Zuzana (referee)
This thesis presents postpenitentiary care / after care and its basic definition. It also discusses the use of coaching approaches in the after-care. The main objective of this thesis is to design and test the suitability and efficiency of leadership coaching approaches in after-care interviews. In the introduction of coaching approaches, I present the results from tests done with a research group made of former prisoners from facilities based in Prague, who left in the period between 17th 2010 and 24 5th The 2011th. A key finding is that researchers proved the suitability of the use of variable roles. In the following thesis, I define the three main borders and two roles that can be used for client access. The basic forms of access to clients can be identified as the approach of coach, child behavioral / ethopedy and social worker. Boundary roles can be described as a role transition between the essential roles. Through roles based on current client's needs, it can help to develop various personalised ways towards the independence. This thesis can serve as input into the area of after-care treatment. It also introduces a possibility to access after-care providers by enriching other possible approaches to clients.
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Study on toxicity of xenobiotics in vitro
Šimková, Kristýna ; Trejtnar, František (advisor) ; Szotáková, Barbora (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology Student: Kristýna Šimková Supervisor: Doc. PharmDr. František Trejtnar, CSc. Title of diploma thesis: Study on toxicity of xenobiotics in vitro The object of my work was to determine cytotoxicity of selected new synthesised substances using suitably chosen cellular models. The subject of my experiment were xenobiotics from esters of salicylic acid (MSA58, MSA59, MSA62, MSA64, MSA65, MSA67, MSA68, MSA74, MSA76, MSA77) with potential antimicrobial activity. Cytotoxicity effect was tested by colorimetric method that is based on assessment metabolic state of cells that are able to reduce tetrazolium dye. The cellular model represents liver and kidney tissue - human liver cells HepG2 a pig renal cells LLC-PK1 was used. To qualify cytotoxicity was used variable IC50. Results of experiment document that all of tested esters of salicylanilids are cytotoxic for liver and renal cells too. Detected values IC50 for particular types of cells were similar. The least toxicity for hepatocytes had substance MSA 74 and it has second least toxicity for renal cells too. Comparison between substance demostrates correlation between toxicity for liver and renal cells. All of tested substance reported higher...
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Construction of romany identity - some aspects of the construction of Romanipen and its variability in time
Rejžková, Jana ; Uherek, Zdeněk (referee) ; Červenka, Jan (advisor)
This study deals with several aspects of the construction of Romani identity. It is focused on ways of the Romani identity construction and its bases. Romani identity is conceived as a relation of Roma to their neighboring Romani or non-Romani groups, which is based on the perception of socially significant cultural differences. The paper considers common cultural elements that serve as bases for construction of particular Romany identities, as well as concrete examples of Romani communities and their specific manners of romanipen construction. The study also deals with the relation between culture and ethnic identity and their variability in time. It answers the question, if due to changes in Romani culture the Romani identity disappears gradually or persists. By two interviews with young Roma living in Prague, the paper shows a current form of Romani identity within present urban society.
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The analysis of donations to the theatres
Švecová, Eva ; Slintáková, Barbora (advisor) ; Slintáková, Barbora (referee)
The thesis deals with the analysis of theatre - financing. One of the alternatives of theatre - financing is trough public budget grants (dotations). Grant application procedure differs among Czech regions due to various culture policies. Main goal of the thesis is to characterize grant application process within all Czech regions, excluding Prague, as one of several possible alternatives of theatre - financing and to analyze relationships between grants and related variables. The correlation analysis used in the thesis shows strong relationship between amounts addressed to theatres and the size of the region.
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The rising sharing economy and its impact on tourism demand in Prague
Nguyen, Duy Quang ; Stroukal, Dominik (advisor) ; Máslo, Lukáš (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyses the impact of the sharing economy (Airbnb) and other selected determinants on tourism demand in Prague. Based on monthly panel data from the period January 2014 to March 2015 the econometric model was estimated. Determinants used in the model for analysis are Airbnb listings of short-term rentals, GDP per capita, relative price, weather temperature, rainfall, marketing and dummy variables summer, autumn and winter. Results from estimations show that Airbnb, the indicator of sharing economy, GDP per capita, which represents the income, relative price and Prague.eu, that represents the marketing component have significantly positive effect on tourism demand.
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Analysis of runoff in selected urban watershed
Kučera, Vít ; Máca, Petr (advisor) ; Petr, Petr (referee)
The work deals with schematization area with sewage networks in the Rainfalls-runoff model urbanized watershed modeling and changes in the Manning roughness coefficient of the pipe to the main sewer, which drains most of the wastewater. The comparison was made on two schematization basin Bohnice collector the main sewer F in the city. Prague. For the simulation program was used Mike URBAN DHI Inc.
The main variable was observed outflow hydrograph on the selected sealing profile watershed and its development depending on schematization and change the Manning roughness coefficient.
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