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Dementia in the Czech Republic: development, projection and risk factors
Cséfalvaiová, Kornélia ; Langhamrová, Jitka (advisor) ; Malá, Ivana (referee) ; Růžková, Jiřina (referee)
Doctoral thesis deals with dementia, which social, health and economic impacts are alarming worldwide. Expected dramatic increase in the number of people with cognitive impairment will put high demands on health and social care. Population aging and the increase of elderly persons aged 65+ evoked a need to address this issue, since age is the major risk factor for dementia. Conflicting conclusions of the European and international studies confirm the difficulty of quantifying the disease. Different definitions and measurement methods lead to different results. In the Czech Republic, in comparison with other developed European countries, there is no relevant research on the expected increase in the number of people with dementia or trends and determinants of severe cognitive impairment. Available estimates of the prevalence of dementia in the Czech Republic are based exclusively on the international prevalence studies EURODEM and Eurocode. Dissertation provides an estimate of the number of people with dementia in the Czech Republic to 2050 based on the construction of life tables for demented people. The thesis also includes analysis of risk factors of severe cognitive impairment based on socio-demographic and health variables. This knowledge is very important for the development and maintenance of effective policies and programs responsive to the needs of individuals living with cognitive impairment in the Czech Republic.
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Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics of Small Systems
Holubec, Viktor ; Chvosta, Petr (advisor) ; Slanina, František (referee)
Title: Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics of Small Systems Author: Viktor Holubec Department: Institute of Theoretical Physics Supervisor: Doc. RNDr. Petr Chvosta, CSc., Department of Macromolecular Physics Abstract: We investigate a microscopic engine based on an externally controlled two-level system. One cycle of the engine operation consists of two strokes. Within each stroke, the two energy levels are driven with a time-independent rate. The occupation probabilities of the two levels are controlled by the underlying Pauli rate equation and they represent the (delayed) system response in respect to the external driving. We give the exact solution of the dynamical equation and discuss its thermodynamical consequences. In between, we investigate the engine's efficiency, the power output, and the performance dependence on the control parameters. Secondly, we introduce an augmented stochastic process which reflects, at a given time, both the occupation probabilities for the two levels and the work done on the system during the previous evolution. Our exact calculation of the evolution operator for the augmented process allows for a detailed discussion of the probability density for the work done during the cycle of the engine operation. In the strongly irreversible regime, the density exhibits important...
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Legal and economic aspects of securitisation
Urbancová, Barbora ; Bakeš, Milan (advisor) ; Kohajda, Michael (referee) ; Dřevínek, Karel (referee)
186 13 ABSTRACT Theme of this dissertation is "Legal and economic aspects of securisiation". The main goal of the dissertation is to perform a comprehensive legal analysis of the issues relating to transactions, which can be termed securitisations, regarding also related economic aspects, while focusing especially on the analysis of special public law regulation of certain aspects related to securitisation under Czech law. The dissertation contains nine chapters. The first chapter specifies the theme of the work, its content, structure, main sources, goals and methods applied. The second chapter provides the basis for the subsequent legal analyses elaborated within the following chapters, as it deals with the general meaning and purpose of securisitation, its definition under applicable law, a standard structure of securitisation transaction and most common products of securitisation including evaluation of their character under Czech law. The essential issue rests with the interpretation of the general definition of the term securitisation in a way it is accepted in financial sector, it means as a tool of structured finance that covers all possible variations of secturisation transactions, as well as the interpretation of the definition of the term securitisation with respect to special public law...
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Actual economic position of USA and prediction to the future
Vlčková, Milada ; Janíčko, Martin (advisor) ; Mikuláštík, Robert (referee)
The aim of this work is to analyse the actual state of the U.S. economy (from the viewpoint of some basic economic indicators). Then I tried to predict a future trend of indicators in the next couple of years. By using statistical data, found at the websites of international organizations ( OECD,IMF etc.), I attempted to estimate the actual position of the U.S economy in the context of phase of economic cycle. Working with coincident, leading and lagging indicators, I was searching for the changes and fluctuations in economic situation. All the indicators I compared with actual real gross domestic product. With the respect for rational economic interpretation, I predicted the tendencies in the economy of the U.S in future time period. For modelling the future situation I used an econometric program GiveWin. Finally I tried to estimate the lenght of the period, in which the indicators will return to their long-term equilibrium.
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The Economic Relations Between The South African Republic And Switzerland On The Background Of The Sanctions Of The UN Against The Apartheid Regime
Hőnigová, Nina ; Steinmetzová, Dana (advisor) ; Vondrušková, Barbora (referee)
The aim of this paper is to examine to which extend did the activities of the Swiss economic actors and the Swiss government help to maintain the apartheid regime in South Africa. It is focused on the famous Swiss banking sector and its relations with its Southafrican clients. One part of the paper is concentrated on the question of breaking the sanctions adopted by the Security Council of the UN, which should have helped to undermine the local rasist regime. The crucial issue in this problematic is to make clear if one non-UN-memberlaw-breaker could be really able to ensure the survival of the weakened regime. I discuss the relevance of the financial and economic cooperation between the SAR and Switzerland and try to show, that Swiss activities really provided the badly needed capital and foreign currencies to the regime in the period of its deepest crisis.But on the other hand that Switzerland was not the only one business partner of the apartheid regime among the western powers and that the decisive role in its elimination was besides sanctions played mainly by other factors. The lack of any obligation for the UN-member states of respecting the sanctions, a great degree of invention on the side of the SAR when replacing the import from its former partners and other belong among them.
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Economic concequences of the European integration with respect to the Treaty of Lisbon
Tesarčíková, Aneta ; Mičúch, Marek (advisor) ; Skopeček, Jan (referee)
This thesis is concerned about the European integration and its consequences on particular economy branches. It deals with labour markets, analyzes the current situation, and finally issues and presents the ways of solving these issues. The thesis describes European Monetary Union and analyses the fielf of euro area with respect to optimal currency area. The second part of the thesis presents an introduction to the Treaty of Lisbon and its structure. There are progresses in some parts of economic situations and critics on The Treaty of Lisbon mentioned. Furthermore, the thesis analyzes the bureaucratic costs after ratification of The Treaty of Lisbon.
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Principles of gravitational-wave detection
Přeučil, Filip ; Ledvinka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Kofroň, David (referee)
In the present work we investigate the impact of weak gravitational wave in the linearized theory of gravity on a simple model of an interferometric gravitational wave detector, whose individual parts (mirrors, and electromagnetic field) are idealised by free test particles. After a necessary, fairly popularly conceived introduction to gravitational wave theory in the linearized gravity, the astrophysical sources of the gravitational waves, the possibilities of their detection and the principles of the detectors, we provide a mathematical survey of the indispensable parts of general relativity and of the linearized theory of gravity. After that, we finally deal with the model itself. In the linear approximation with respect to the perturbations, we solve the equations of motion of the individual components and derive the detector response to a gravitational wave. Finally, we present a few comments, including a proof of gauge invariance of the derived formula.
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Data Mining of Macroeconomic Data
Lang, Lukáš ; Berka, Petr (advisor) ; Marek, Luboš (referee)
The theme of my work is the Data Mining (DM) of Macroeconomic Data. The purpose of this work is to use DM methods for analysis of macroeconomic fundamentals of selected countries of the Western Europe and the U.S.A. between years 1961-1989 and to compare the DM methods with statistical methods. For the statistical analysis, I used EViews and MS-Office Excel, for the DM I used LISp-Miner. The structure of the work is as follows: in the theoretical part I define the analysed indicators and their relations with respect to the history of analysed period. Then are specified chosen statistical methods also with the reason for choice. The last chapter of the theoretical part describes the data mining. In the practical part I describe the problems which I solved, data collecting and preparation, use of the statisitical methods and DM methods and results obtained. The enlightenment lies in conclusion. I thank my supervisor, Prof. Ing. Petr Berka, CSc. for DM meditations and important suggestions. I thank my colleagues, Ing. Vojtech Menzl, MSc and Mgr. Jana Závacká for critique of the statistical methods. I thank the living members of my family for patience.
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Economic consequences of China's One-child policy
Letko, Roman ; Bartůsková, Lucia (advisor) ; Pavlíček, Tomáš (referee)
The objective of this diploma thesis is to describe and to complexly evaluate Chinas one child policy from its introduction in 1979 till its abandonment in 2015. Theoretical part of thesis offers a detailed description of the policy, its application in real life, circumstances and aims that led to the implementation of the policy. Applied part of thesis analyses its effect on the fertility rate, population growth and economic growth. According to the results of this analysis one child policy helped to decline Chinas fertility rate and population growth, however its impact is just partial. The decline of Chinese population growth then contributed to the economic growth; my estimate is that it composed 40 % of average annual growth of real GDP per capita. One child policy is also responsible for raising sex ratio and ageing of population in China. These demographic problems let to its replacement by two child policy that probably wont solve these problems.
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Global Economic Outlook - March 2017
Česká národní banka
The March issue of Global Economic Outlook presents the regular monthly overview of recent and expected developments in selected territories, focusing on key economic variables: inflation, GDP growth, leading indicators, interest rates, exchange rates and commodity prices. In this issue, we then focus analytically on the monetary and fiscal policy response space in OECD countries. The article shows that nominal interest rates are still expected to be very low over the medium term. This is inconsistent with the process of closing output gaps and attaining inflation rates close to 2%, making a return to conventional interest - rate policy more difficult. Our article also notes that the return to positive real interest rates will be complicated by the overleveraging of many OECD countries, as a visible rise in interest rates could increase the risk of insolvency of several euro area countries and trigger the feared domino effect.
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