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Development of water law in Czech lands before 1914
Urban, Michael ; Kindl, Vladimír (advisor) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
The purpose of this thesis was to capture the development of legal regulation of the Czech water law and of water-law relationships, and to point out that miller's law, fisheries law and navigation law are naturally related to the water law. Water transport and handling were not regulated in any manner in the most ancient times. The Czech water law was built on the heritage of the Roman legal culture. From the end of the 10th century, the first mentions of water-law relationships can be found, particularly in monarch's charters. The first important legal regulations related to water included the Mining Code (Ius Regale Montanorum) by king Wenceslas II of 1300-1305 and the Code Maiestas Carolina by king Charles IV, which was not implemented in practice, though. The so called lawbooks are another significant resource for understanding legal regulations related to water. Elements of a complex legal regulation with statewide legal force started to be applied from the end of the 15th and in the course of the 16th century - a number of municipal establishments and the code of municipal law created by Pavel Kristián of Koldín. A considerable boom of legal regulations with respect to all aspects of water-law relationships was seen during the reign of Maria Theresia and Joseph II (the navigation patent,...
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Optimization and Statistics
Fink, Jiří ; Kratochvíl, Jan (referee) ; Loebl, Martin (advisor)
One of the basic streams of modern statistics physics is an effort to understand the frustration and chaos. The basic model to study these phenomena is the finite dimensional Edwards-Anderson Ising model. In discrete optimisation this corresponds to the minimal T-joins in a finite lattice with random weights of edges. This thesis studies a random join which is a random path between two given vertices. The original definition of the random join is very complex, and we have managed to find an equivalent one which is more natural. We use our definition to exactly compute the random join on circles. We also propose an algorithm which finds the shortest path in a large lattice with given weights of edges. This algorithm can be used for an experimental study of the random join.
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Thracian conception of death and funeral observance
Fiedler, Dušan ; Musil, Jiří (referee) ; Bouzek, Jan (advisor)
Thracian conception of death and funeral observance remains unclear though we know many characteristics about their ways of thinking and views they had. These concepts formed their attitude to religion, cult and no less to life. One of the most spectacular expression of such beliefs are tumuli and cult buildings. lt is believed to be a sepulchre for departed - after death a tribal leader became a benefactory hero. He was believed to protect his tribe and in some cases Thracians used to attend well known sanctuaries of such heroes to engage prophecies. Of course, not all deceased became tacitly heroized ancestors but we suppose that they were buried according to such traditions (these tombs served more likely as family cult buildings, i.e. cult building at Propada). A small number of barrows was rebuilt in a cult complex as heraion, oracle etc .. They served as sanctuaries where mythical heroes (demigods) were worshiped. These sanctuaries (Sborjanovo, Miškova Niva etc.) were systematicaly planned according to Thracian principles and cosmology. Orphism and Pythagoreism partook heavily in these conceptions manifested in ground plans of tumuli and cult buildings, decoration and overal! design.
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Axiological Dimension in Education and Cultivation
Göbelová, Taťána ; Dorotíková, Soňa (advisor) ; Kolář, Zdeněk (referee) ; Demjančuk, Nikolaj (referee)
To bring up and educate any person means to guide him/her to understand basic notions o f what a man can be and what is his/her mission. Such orientation towards being (existence) as an "active a ltern ativ e" implies orientation in constitutive values o f humanity based on which we create our attitude towards the world. My PhD Thesis named "Axiological Dimension in Education and U p b r in g in g " is focused on raising questions and developing arguments in the following area: which values and objectives should become the priority in education and upbringing o f the early 2 1 st century. There is one o f the core documents which tries to specify the above issues, e.g. the Report " Learning is Hidden W e a lth " elaborated by the UNESCO International Com m issio n - the "Education for the 21st c e n tu r y " headed by Jacques Delors. The four basic pillars are "to learn to co g n iz e " , " to learn to act" , "to learn to live to g e th e r " and "to learn to b e" and point out the necessity of philo sophical reflexion. They are linked with the basic philosophical questions postulated by Kant: " What can I k n o w ? " , "What can I do" , "What can I hope f o r? " and "What is a human being like?" Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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The Prevention of Specific Breakdowns in the Learning of Children with Interruptions in School Attendance
Vesecká, Dana ; Strnadová, Iva (advisor) ; Kropáčková, Jana (referee)
Children's school failures is one of the basic themes of pedagogical and psychological literatuře. Experts realize that remedy of learning faults cannot be oriented only at their expression, but that is necessary to watch chilďs education in the whole and in complexity of the problém. All the signs of the learning failures evoke no success in the pupil and they will project in his school work. They disable him to understand teacheťs instructions, to do ordinary tasks and to work in optimal rate. Unsuccess in the school work project on to chilďs psyche, influence his self-regard, they can evoke feelings of fear and aversion to the school work. Failures in learning influence even the situation in the family of the child. Iťs obvious, that the best remedy of the specifíc learning disability is to prevent them and so the research is recently aiming on the prevention the learning failures in the pre-school age. In this age can be eliminated particular deficits in the evolution of the child, which could be a sign of the start of the learning failure after entering the school. The Knowledge of learning failures' signs and their remedy should come to awareness of the teachers and parents. Teachers and parents who are sufficiently informed about the problém, its matter and the whole prognosis, access the problém...
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Suffering in the light of christian faith and the male and female face of God
Lukavská, Jana ; Pospíšil, Ctirad Václav (advisor) ; Kohut, Pavel Vojtěch (referee)
The aim of this thesis is analysing the very problem and meaning of human suffering. First of all it is the testimony of Scripture itself that is used as a means of fulfilling our task, secondarily also the comparison with understanding of suffering and its mystery as presented in the apostolic letter of John Paul II. Furthermore, the thesis concentrates on the differences between suffering in male and female experience and also on examining the meaning and mission of suffering in the lives of two contemporary saints, Father Pio and Mother Theresa. The analysis is undertaken with the help of the tools offered by the International Theological Commission document Communion and Stewardship: Human Persons Created in the Image of God. At the closure of the work, there are described several concrete cases of people who went through the experience of suffering in their lives. Human suffering, the suffering of women, the suffering of men, Father Pio, Mother Theresa, Communion and Stewardship.
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Taxation of income from employment
Křížová, Alžběta ; Karfíková, Marie (advisor) ; Vybíral, Roman (referee)
Taxation of income from employment This diploma thesis deals with the system of taxation of income tax. First part of this work describes important terms necessary for understanding the tax system. Systematically at first I describe the term of tax, than I describe the structural elements of tax, income tax in general and after that I can describe the taxation of income from employment. This thesis tries to comprehensively deal with all institutes, whose knowledge is important for the right calculation of the tax and the right tax payment. Considerable space in this work dedicates to the tax base and the effective tax rate. After describing what I have mentioned above, this thesis aims to assess the tax system and think about some other solutions. This thesis comes with a specific proposal in the area of defining the tax base. The conclusion of this thesis is that the tax system is very complicated. If we would like to make it easier, it is necessary to ask ourselves what should be the goal of the changes. Whether the result should be the same tax revenue, covered by the system complexity, simplifying the system and lower tax revenue, or maintaining the current tax revenue and sincere effort to simplify the system. Furthermore the thesis points out the fact, that schools should include some basic tax...
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Body
Štys, Filip ; Petříček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Čapek, Jakub (referee)
In the first part of this paper I followed Michel Foucault's genealogy of modern power. That is a new, productive type of power acting upon the body and through the body. Modern bodies and subjects, in itself, are coming into being by the effects of this power. The production of modern subject eventuates through the effects of knowledge-power complex. Judith Butler added to Foucault's analysis the temporal and reiterative dimension of this production and a new conception of matter allowing a different understanding of materiality of the body. In the second part I'm searching for the possible subversions, co called escape lines from domain of the modern power, which are based on bodily practices. I'm following here the work of Deleuze and Guattari. In the end I introduced the butoh-dance as one possible escape line.
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Loans in accounting of commercial banks
Macháňová, Alena ; Novotný, Jan (advisor) ; Procházka, David (referee)
This thesis deals with reporting of loans by commercial banks in accordance with rules imposed by the International Financial Reporting Standards. In the interest of better understanding of the issues by the reader, more complex calculations and accounting procedures are accompanied by practical examples. The thesis also includes research of the financial statements of some Czech banks, which aims to show the application of accounting procedures specified in the theoretical part.
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Church Music of Johann Sebastian Bach
Staňková, Eva ; Tvrdek, Petr (advisor) ; Špačková, Alena (referee)
Annotation: Málková, Eva. Church Music of Johann Sebastian Bach. Prague: Hussite Theological Faculty, Charles University, 2012. Thesis. The aim of this thesis is to introduce church music of Johann Sebastian Bach and its theological announcement. By looking up and appraising musical-theological elements at Bach's work this thesis brings near to the reader the theological, philosophical and mystic thinking of Bach. By pre-understanding and complexity of perception of Bach's church music is possible to see deep sense and aim of artist's work. In the first (theoretical) part I am engaged in systems of thinking that could Bach's church work influence. Then I am specifying the pieces that are supposed to be church music. In the second (practical) part I am looking for musical- theological elements that could Bach be influenced with. By researching of Bach's artistic style I am trying to find correlation of musical and theological contents and I am trying to point out that the message of Bach's church work is relevant.
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