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Pilate in History and Theology of Gospels
Hon, Jan ; Roskovec, Jan (advisor) ; Mrázek, Jiří (referee)
Pilate in History and Theology of the Gospels, Jan Hon The Apostles' Creed or simply "Creed" says: "suffered under Pontius Pilate". Such formulation can be interpreted once as timestamp - he suffered in the time of Pontius Pilate. In Czech, but also in Latin it also sounds, that he suffered by his endeavour and by his will. The creed does not mention the high priest Caiaphas, the council (Sanhedrin) or the betrayal. Some people, Christians or non-Christians think the formulation could appear more like a time stamp because the Jewish authorities of his time are responsible and guilty for Jesus' passion. Such confidence is based on the Gospel narrative that presents Jesus' trial as showing a picture of a compassionate Pilate who efforts to rescue Jesus. It only blames the high priests, the scribes and the council for Jesus' crucifixion. It is known, that such picture of the trial at the Roman governor as well as at council does comply with the reality known from non- biblical sources. This composition gives a short overview of this. It also shows, that Pilate's guilt can be proven purely from the biblical text. Jesus suffered under Pontius Pilate and the phrase "suffered under" should be understood in full extend of meanings.
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Problem of Grace in St. Augustin
Spiegelová, Veronika ; Rybák, David (advisor) ; Hauser, Michael (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with St. Augustine and his theology of grace. It briefly introduces the context of Augustine's philosophy, explains the basic terms, and mainly focuses on the interpretation of Augustine's study of grace. It first analyses the thoughts and ideas of Saint Paul, the Apostle, which are relevant to the subject. Then it moves on to explaining the continuous development of Augustine's study of grace: how it is portrayed in his early works, the way in which it developed in his argument with Pelagius, and finally it introduces Augustine's most radical idea - the concept of predestination from his work To Simplician. The last part of the thesis covers the corresponding topic of love, specifically the love of neighbour, as it is discussed by Hannah Arendth in her work Love and Saint Augustine.
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Psalm 118 in the New Testament
Zavadil, Tomáš ; Mrázek, Jiří (advisor) ; Roskovec, Jan (referee)
Title: Psalm 118 in The New Testament Author: Tomáš Zavadil Department: Department of The New Testament Supervisor: doc. Jiří Mrázek, Th.D. Abstract: The purpose of my thesis is to analyze the usage of the Psalm 118 in The New Testament. The thesis consists of several parts; first, I give a list of all quotations and allusions of the psalm in The New Testament according to the edition Nestle-Aland. Next, I show links between the texts, describe how the original text enriches the meaning of the new contexts and how the intertextuality can be used in biblistic research. In contrast to traditional approach I emphasize the contribution of one-word allusions. I'm also trying to offer historical background of the Psalm and show its use in liturgy, especially in the context of the first century; as the Psalm was one of the most favourite Psalms. The following part of my work gives brief explanations of the passages in The New Testament where their authors quote or refer to the the Psalm 118. I focus especially on pericopes Mk 11,1-11 and Mk 12,1-12, where I analyze the allusions of the Psalm 118 in detail. The conclusion summarizes all findings of this exegetic work. Key words: quotation, allusion, Psalm 118, The New Testament, Jesus, Messiah, king, salvation, stone, feasts, intertextuallity
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A Reconstruction of the Crucifixion of Jesus of Nazareth from the Archeological Evidence and Ancient Literary Sources
Toman, Petr ; Brož, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Ryšková, Mireia (referee)
The thesis A Reconstruction of the Crucifixion of Jesus of Nazareth from the Archeological Evidence and Ancient Literary Sources deals in nine chapters with the crucifixion phenomenon. Due to its dual approach it is divided into two major parts - general and specific. General part firstly presents the latest scientific treatises dedicated to this phenomenon (1), afterwards introduces the only archaeological evidence of crucifixion (2), analyzes semantical span of terms related to crucifixion (3) and ultimately defines the crucifion penalty (4). Specific part deals with the events of Jesus of Nazareth's case following the pronouncement of judgement. Attention is firstly paid to the flogging penalty (5) and afterwards to the analysis of the royal mockery game (6). Further it focuses on the transition scene, mainly on search for topography of the Way of the Cross (7). The Golgota chapters initially pay attention to the psychological abuse, perception of the crucifixion punishment, resemblance of Jesus' cross (8) and afterwards to the physical abuse and the search for causes of Jesus' death from the medical point of view (9). Keywords Jesus, crucifixion, cross, capital punishment, passion narratives, archaeology, antiquity
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The Healing Jesus as the Servant of JHVH from the Book of Isaiah in Matth 12:9-21
Menoušek, Ivan ; Brož, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Větrovec, Pavel (referee)
The purpose of the bachelor thesis "The Healing Jesus as the Servant of JHVH from the Book of Isaiah in Matth 12:9-21" is to research Jesus healing wonders in relation to Sabbath observance, his role as Gentle Servant of God who brings Justice and Hope in the New and Old Testament. As a part of this work acts a literary analysis of fragment of Matthew and correspondent passage of Isaiah, their own translation from ancient Greek and Hebrew and consecutive exegesis with using exegetical commentaries and lexicons. Keywords Jesus, quiet, Servant of JHVH, Sabbath, healing, justice, salvation, mercy
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Symbols in the Gospel of John
Košata, Václav ; Scarano, Angelo (advisor) ; Brož, Jaroslav (referee)
The gospel of John contains measureless amount of symbolical expressions which help better understanding of better author's message to the readers and also set higher exegetical demands for deeper penetration into meanings of the symbols and relations between them. Symbolism in the gospel of John can be revealed in its expressions, characters, actions and the cross itself. The bachelor thesis analyses particular symbols, classify them into the thematic groups and explains their meanings. This goal is not possible achieve without consideration of their not only theological but also literary and socio-historical aspect. Majority of symbols like a light, darkness or bread can evoke many different meanings to the reader. This fact leads to the extreme situation like imagination of any possible meaning of the symbols. The thesis is searching for true meaning using secondary literature. Symbols are presented like a human medium for expressions of divine facts for easier grabbing for human. Keywords Symbol, Jesus, gospel, light, darkness, meaning, character, act
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The Barren Fig Tree and the Expulsion from the Temple. Mk 11:12-25
Svatek, Martin ; Ryšková, Mireia (advisor) ; Scarano, Angelo (referee)
The pericopes "Cursing the Fig Tree", "Cleaning of the Temple" and "The Withered Fig Tree" are sometimes included among the texts that are labeled as "the difficult Bible pages" or "the mysteries of the New Testament". About the tenability of this labels give evidence the numerous commentaries of the Gospel according to Mark, which are, mainly in the case of the first pericope of our interest, ambiguous and which offer several different possibilities of its interpretation. This thesis presents various possibilities of the interpretation of this problematic part of the Gospel according to Mark. In its first chapter the thesis discuss the historical and the literal context of Mark 11:12-25. In its second chapter the thesis analyses this text and compares it with a similar text from the Gospel according to Mathew (Matthew 21,10-22). In its third chapter the thesis suggests the characteristics of some of the ways of interpretation of Mark 11:12-25, that are in present times most presented. The goal of the thesis is to present current interpretations of the pericopes mentioned above and their comparison and evaluation.
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The Trial of Jesus in its Historical Context
Zemánek, Jakub ; Brož, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Ryšková, Mireia (referee)
This thesis is divided into the chapters (1-7), in which the theme of the thesis - the Trial of Jesus - is analyzed. The analysis is based on various sources. Chapter One is an overview of the published research about Jesus' trial. Chapter 2 presents to the reader the place of Jesus' last days, from the archaeological and historical perspective. Chapter 3 discusses the underlying historical sources and the relationships between the authors and the situation at the time of writing too. Chapter 4 is a largely exegetical chapter, and contains an analysis of the parts of Gospels of Jesus' trial. Chapter 5 discusses Jesus' trial from the perspective of sources: Josephus Flavius, Babylonian Talmud and Cornelius Tacitus. Chapter 6 provides the summary of the basic hypotheses of the principal researchers, and Chapter 7 contains the author's discussion about the trial. At the end of this thesis is the summary and the conclusion.
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Reflection of the Figure of Judas Iscariot in Uwe Saeger's Novel Die gehäutete Zeit
Studničková, Kateřina ; Halík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Lyčka, Milan (referee)
(in English): The figure of Judas Iscariot is one of the most controversial ones in Christianity and Christian reception. Traditionally Judas used to be synonymous for the ultimate sinner, who would not deserve any compassion at all. He was first and foremost conceived as the traitor of Jesus and was judged and damned accordingly. In every period he attracted attention, was commentated upon and interpreted anew. The paper at hand deals with one of the latest interpretations of Judas: Uwe Saeger's novel Die gehäutete Zeit: Ein Judasbericht (The skinned time: A Judasreport). Published in 2008, this novel is a retelling of the gospel, as seen through Judas' eyes. Uwe Saeger re-interprets the founding story of Christianity and casts a new light on Judas. Saeger disengages himself from a simple black and white perspective on Judas, which was popular for many centuries not only among laymen, but also among theologians. The author does not divide the characteristics into a pure and good Jesus on the one hand, and a bad and dishonest Judas on the other hand, but rather merges the two into one figure, expressed by making up the name Je-Judas-us at one point of his book. Saeger describes the two as an inseparable couple, where each of them has his special task to fulfil. Throughout the novel, Judas is being...
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