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Doors wide open - child socialization process in Steiner nursery schools
FRAŇKOVÁ, Veronika
My work titled Doors Wide Open {--} Child Socialisation Process in Steiner Nursery Schools focuses on the process of child socialisation as experienced and observed in the Steiner nursery where I work. This socialisation has been described as a process engaging the teachers, parents and the child itself. Creation of a reasonably stimulating environment and a consistent application of the methods and forms of work typical for the Steiner{\crq}s pedagogy play a significant role. The practical part demonstrates in five case studies of child socialisation process in my class that the teacher{\crq}s work requires a lot of indirect involvement in the form of observations and reflections over every single child. The aim is to create the real image of the child that is used in discussions about the child with a colleague and at the meeting of the staff of the Steiner nursery and the Steiner school. The importance of discussions with the parents of the children has also been considered. The case studies refer to the period from the admission of the child to the nursery to the first half-year certificate at the primary school.
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Cirkadiální hodiny se neúčastní načasování buněčného dělení v řase Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Vítová, Milada ; Bišová, Kateřina ; Hendrychová, Jana ; Čížková, Mária ; Zachleder, Vilém
To determine whether the circadian clock functions in control the entry of algal cells into the cell cycle, we have tested the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii in a wide range of growth conditions both light intensity and temperature. We monitored the course of the cell cycles in asynchronous as well as in synchronized cultures. The cultures were grown either at the continuous light or at alternating light/dark periods. The length of the cell cycle was monitored also at different temperatures and in “circadian” mutant. We have evidenced that the length of the cell cycle corresponding to circadian times can be attained only under relatively narrow range of growth conditions and even in this case the “circadian time” is a result of given growth conditions and not of any circadian gating. These results suggest that the intrinsic circadian clock does not play any role in timing of the cell cycle division in the green alga Chlamydomonas
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Spliceosome assembly
Hausnerová, Viola ; Staněk, David (advisor) ; Chalupníková, Kateřina (referee)
Pre-mRNA splicing is a process in which introns are removed from eukaryotic transcripts and exons are ligated together. Splicing is catalyzed by spliceosome, a large ribonucleoprotein complex composed of five small nuclear RNAs and more than 100 additional proteins, which recognizes 5' splice site, branch point site and 3' splice site and performs two transesterification reactions to produce mRNA molecules. 5' splice site is recognized by U1 snRNP and U2 auxiliary factor (U2AF) is involved in branch point and 3' splice site recognition in the early splicing complex. There is some evidence of splice sites cooperation during intron recognition in vitro but little is known about the situation in vivo. Using Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) methods, we have investigated the early stages of spliceosome assembly. We have employed splicing reporters based on -globin gene and MS2 stem loops to detect interactions of proteins on RNA molecule directly in the cell nucleus. Results of FRET indicate that intact 5' splice site is required for U2AF35 interaction with 3' splice site and that U1C recruitment to 5' splice site is partially limited upon 3' splice site mutation. We have also confirmed by RIP that U2 snRNP association with pre-mRNA molecule requires presence of 5'...
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Involvement of students in sport volunteerism
Bártová, Monika ; Voráček, Josef (advisor) ; Šíma, Jan (referee)
Title: Involvement of students in sport volunteerism Objectives of: Determine differences in the participation of students in sport volunteerism in Czech Republic, Germany and America. Based on a different outlook on volunteering in each of these countries propose recommendations for increasing the involvement of students in volunteerism. Methods: One of the methods used in this study was surveying groups of students in the three countries. Each survey consisted of a written questionnaire, which allowed students to evaluate their participation in sport volunteerism. Another method used was observation, which consisted of studying the organization level of volunteers in three different sporting events. Results: The results of investigation was finding that volunteering in the Czech Republic is still less popular than volunteering in Germany and America. Thus, Czech students are less involved in volunteer activities. Yet, volunteering in sport is a very popular area, especially for students who are studying within a sports field. Key words: volunteer, volunteerism in sport, volunteerism in Czech, Germany and USA, methodics of work with volunteers, volunteers management
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Mutational analysis of manumycin antibiotics biosynthetic routes
Kolek, Jan ; Petříček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Zikánová, Blanka (referee)
Mutational analysis of manumycin antibiotics biosynthetic routes The manumycin antibiotics are secondary metabolites, which come from a big group of polyketide metabolites. They are produced by bacteria from genus Streptomyces. Manumycin antibiotics are characterized by two linear polyketide chains, which are connected to a central mC7N moiety. The lower chain is often terminated by the C5N moiety. Manumycin metabolites show many biological activities. They have antimicrobial activity, especially against gram-positive bacteria. Next, they posses antifungal, insecticidal or antiinflamatory activities. Manumycins are also potentional anticancer agents. In order to prepare these compounds by the fermentation, the detailed knowledge of their biosynthetic routes is required. Mutational analysis is based on techniques of genetic engineering. Mutational analysis is a useful pool for analysis of biosynthetic pathways of secondary metabolites and the genes, which are involved in these pathways. This knowledge is essential for application of combinatorial biosynthesis for the design of new metabolites. The new hybrid compound could be used in future as new antibiotics or anticancer drugs. Keywords: manumycin, polyketide, streptomyces, asukamycin
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Role of Smarca5 (Snf2h) during transcription of transfected DNA template.
Zikmund, Tomáš ; Stopka, Tomáš (advisor) ; Smetana, Karel (referee)
Cellular and tissue characteristics are results of dynamic regulation of gene expression. DNA wrapped into proteins, referred to as chromatin, requires involvement of mechanisms guiding accessibility of specific sequences. In higher organisms, chromatin remodeling proteins are indispensable in regulating chromatin structure including ISWI ATPase SMARCA5. SMARCA5 is involved in almost any transaction on DNA including transcription, however precise in vivo role of SMARCA5 in these processes remains unknown. To advance understanding of specific role of SMARCA5 in the development of chromatin structure during transcription we devised cellular model in which SMARAC5 level is manipulated while chromatin structure development and transcriptional response are monitored. Our data indicate that the transfected DNA template that is transcribed is enriched with histone H3 and its specific methylation of Histone H3 lysine (K) 4, a mark of active chromatin structure. Overexpression of SMARCA5 results within the reporter gene coding sequence in ~2,5-3 fold increase of both H3 occupancy an its modification H3K4Me3. Increased DNA template commitment into chromatinization is associated with repression of reporter gene expression. These results are supported by studies indicating dynamic development of nucleosomal...
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Effect of sampling and storage on larvoscopic results of coprological materials
Lovecký, David ; Lamka, Jiří (advisor) ; Ducháček, Lubomír (referee)
David Lovecky Tutor: Prof. RNDr. Jiři Lamka, CSc. Institute of Pharmocolgy and Toxikology The aim of this thesis was to examine the influence of obtaining and storage of excrement samples on larval investigation results for the European Mouflon or wild-sheep (Ovis musimon). This experiment is justified due to the large variations of results in previous studies that focused on quantitative larval investigation methods. We proceeded in two ways: a. The first method, based on larval science, involved fresh dropping samples collected from areas frequented by mouflon. Based on laboratory measurements, according to Baermann, we came to the conclusion that freezing it for a period of 56 days at a temperature of -11 degrees Celsius had no effect on larval activity. In fact, the number of larva slightly rose even after an eight-week period of continual refrigeration. These results can be linked to the findings of Erhardova, Rysavy and Cabernet. b. The second method was the sampling of excrement from the disemboweled intestines of animals removed from breeding herds. Unfortunately, during this larval science study, we weren't able to obtain a suitable sample along the entire length of the large intestine and our measurements reflected only physiological functions. In short, the further way the excrement from the...
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Type 1 diabetes mellitus: pathogenesis and advances in therapy.
Andrýsová, Jana ; Hochmann, Jiří (referee) ; Semecký, Vladimír (advisor)
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease resulting from the destruction of insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas leading to insulin deficience. It is multifactorial disease, in its genesis are participating interactions of genetic background and environmental factors. Type 1 diabetes is a life-long autoimmune disease that usually occurs in childhood but can be diagnosed at any age. Diabetes mellitus type 1 is primarily characterized by hyperglycemia. The others classical symptoms include: polyuria, polydipsia and weight loss. Long-term complications can result from type 1 diabetes, including nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy and vascular disease. Treatment goals for diabetic patients are related to control of blood glukose, blood pressure and lipids to minimize the risk of long-term consequences. Type 1 diabetes is treated with insulin replacement therapy - usually by insulin injection or insulin pump. An integral part of therapy is the patient's involvement in the therapeutical process, education, frequent glucose monitoring, adjustments in diet and exercise. The review discuss the up-to date view of treatment and continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (insulin pump) therapy. The rewiew compare effects of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion with multiple insulin injection....
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Comparative Analysis of Game Activities in Table Tennis
Šopová, Hana ; Pravečková, Petra (referee) ; Süss, Vladimír (advisor)
Title: Comparative Analysis of Game Activities in Table Tennis Objectives of the Thesis: The main goal of this thesis is to analyze the involvement of chosen muscles during table tennis game (measured with electromyograph) and to compare the muscles involvement by forehand and backhand topspin. Method: EMG is a common method for movement recording which, according to (Smidt 1991), measures the involvement of muscle in motion, together with the time aspect of this involvement. The most common method is electrical activity recording connected with contraction of certain muscles in the course of kinetic load. This way of measuring is based on electrodes which are fixed to the skin covering the involved muscles, then on intensification of the signal, and on recording on the polygraphic machine which is needed for a subsequent analysis. The surface EMG in kinesiology probes the muscles' activation, co-activation of muscle groups during the complex and selected motion, and influences of the load on muscles functioning. It can also monitor the effect of workout load. Thanks to surface electrodes, the surface electromyography registers the electrical responses of muscle group activities. The electrical equivalent of dynamical ionic exchange in the membrane area during muscle activation is recorded on the...
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