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The requirement of independence of administrative bodies in Community law
Handrlica, Jakub ; Pomahač, Richard (advisor) ; Tomášek, Michal (referee) ; Chvátalová, Iva (referee)
259 7. Závěry 1. Mluvíme-li se o "nezávislosti" správních orgánů, můžeme pod tímto pojmem chápat nezávislost ve smyslu funkčním, nezávislost ve smyslu politickém, anebo kombinaci uvedených významů. Stěžejní pro posouzení toho, v jakém významu - a jestli vůbec - je možno mluvit o nezávislém postavení dotčeného správního orgánu, je relevantní právní úprava (včetně ústavněprávních postulátů ohledně organizace výstavby státní správy). 2. Požadavek nezávislosti správního orgánu ve smyslu jeho neutrality, nestrannosti a nepodjatosti je jedním ze základních principů výkonu veřejné správy. Orgány moci veřejné prosazují veřejné, nikoliv soukromé zájmy. Požadavek nezávislosti ve smyslu její nestrannosti a nepodjatosti tedy není specifikem vybraných odvětví, nýbrž může být přiřazen k základním principům dobré správy. V kontextu předkládané studie je tento požadavek označován jako nezávislost funkční. Funkční nezávislost správního orgánu má za cíl zabezpečit všem participujícím subjektům rovné postavení ve vztahu k moci veřejné. Nezávislost ve smyslu funkčním má specifické konotace v těch případech, kdy požadavek nestrannosti implikuje nutnost předcházet možným konfliktům širšího spektra zájmů. Jedná se typicky o nové administrativní agendy, které vyžadují specifickou míru separace od mocenského centra, tj. status...
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The comparison of development of a capital adequacy in chosen banks during the period of crisis in years 1997 and 2008.
Brázdil, Jan ; Dvořák, Petr (advisor)
This Bachelors thesis tries to introduce one of the most important indicator in banking sector -- capital adequacy. Text is aimed for a progress of a capital adequacy in chosen banks within Czech banking system during the period of crisis in years 1997 and 2008. Also it compares the steps taken by the banks in order to minimize negative impact of the crisis. Conclusion if steps in question were right or wrong is left for the reader. Analysis results from commonly known and available data and the assessment comes from the expected knowledge of a third class student of an University of Economics.
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Compulsory insurance of liability for damage caused as a result of a car operation
Pánová, Šárka ; Karfíková, Marie (advisor) ; Bakeš, Milan (referee)
Resumé / Summary Mandatory Insurance focusing on Liability Insurance for Damage caused by Driving a Vehicle The aim of this dissertation was to define the individual mandatory contractual insurance, describe and assess the legislation concerning liability insurance for damage caused by driving a vehicle in the Czech Republic, as well as the harmonisation of this legislation with the legal regulations of the European Union. In the introduction to the dissertation I defined the individual forms of insurance and presented an overview of the mandatorily contractual insurance currently embodied in the Czech rule of law. At the present time there is a great number of mandatorily contractual insurance while their number is constantly increasing, and in view of this fact I focused in my dissertation only on one type of mandatorily contractual insurance which is liability insurance caused by driving a vehicle, because the problems of the full scope of liability insurance offered would go beyond the scope of their dissertation. I consider liability insurance for damage caused by driving a vehicle to be a very important and current subject, especially due to the growing number of vehicles and greater traffic on roads increasing the risk of road accidents, thus I decided to focus in my dissertation on this insurance. I...
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Antimicrobial peptides in infections with grammnegative bacteria.
Tocháčková, Petra ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Andrýs, Ctirad (referee)
Bc. Petra Tocháčková Antimicrobial peptides in infections with grammnegative bacteria Diploma thesis - abstract Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Pharmacy Background: Aim of this thesis was a development of methods for detection of gene activation of antimicrobial peptides (beta defensins 1 and 2 - pBD1 and pBD2) in ileum during infection of gnotobiotic piglets with gramnegative bacteria. Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain LT2 and its R mutants (rfaG- and rfaL-) were selected as representants of gramnegative bacteria of different virulence. Methods: 1) Suggestion of systems for detection of pBD1 and pBD2 (software), 2) Purification of total RNA (commercial columns), quantification (spectrophotometry), and estimation of its purity (ratio A280/A260), 3) Reverse transcription (mixture of random n-mers and oligo d(T)m), 4) Quantification of cDNA (real time polymerase chain reaction - LNA probes), and 5) Normalization of gene transcription for pBD1 and pBD2 against beta actin, cyclophilin A or to both together. Results: We used a method reducing risk of contamination by genomic DNA and obtaining of false positive results for purification of total RNA. We suggested detection systems for estimation of pBD1 and pBD1 with efficiency approx. 100% (comparable with...
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The Actual Trends of Insuring of the credit risks with state support
Hrnčiříková, Michala ; Taušer, Josef (advisor) ; Pravda, Michal (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the export credit insurance as one of the possible instruments for covering business risks in international trade. Furthermore, it indicates its basic forms and also focuses on the international rules, which regulate the providing of export credit insurance. The main stress is laid on the development of export credit insurance with state support in a time of global financial and economic crisis. The thesis offers a view of the specific anti-crisis measures of some selected export credit agencies and their impact on the international trade development.
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Cost Management in a Chosen Health Care Facility
Chrascinová, Jolana ; Střítecký, Rudolf (advisor) ; Lešetický, Ondřej (referee)
Goal: On the base of analysis of cost make suggestion for effective data assimilation for added value in health care facility. Introduction: Every manager needs tools to manage company which help him to lead company to prosperity. There are direct tools as comands, meetings, etc. and indirect tools, for example economic management. Economic management includes whole line of elements which in their cohesion are integral part of every business, for example controlling, cost management, dealing with short term-assets, management accouting, investment decisions, financial analysis, material incentives. Recently every company focuses its management attention to cost management. We often meet such efforts to reduce costs, which in fact cal lead to damage in short-time or long-time period. In my thesis I will analyse main traps which managers confront while working in chosen health care facility. I will also describe more flexibile access to management costs which provides company with stable and tenable position in global market conditions. Achieving maximal outcomes from company resources and all at once minimalize costs is still one of main strategic target of company.
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Topical issues of corporate governance under Czech and EU law
Poliaková, Riana ; Josková, Lucie (referee) ; Čech, Petr (advisor)
C Summary This thesis deals with selected actual problems of corporate governance in domestic and Euro- pean regulation. There is no widely recognized definition of the term "corporate governance", therefore some are given by the author in the very beginning of the study. Due to the fact that corporate governance is a very complex area regard must be had to the relevant theories which are introduced in Chapter 2 and form the basis for further analysis. According to the OECD findings from June 2009 (Corporate Governance and the Finan- cial Crisis: Key Findings and Main Messages), weaknesses in remuneration, the exercise of shareholder rights, risk management and board practices are identified as the four areas most immediately linked to the financial crisis. Another problem, as reported of in OECD finding from February 2009 (The corporate Governance Lessons from the Financial Crisis), are inef- fective accounting standards and regulatory requirement for auditing. Therefore, these subjects are regarded as the actual problems of the corporate governance. As a result of relatively short compass of this work, only two of these issues have been covered by the author - remuneration related problems and the exercise of shareholders rights - and form the bulk of this thesis. Remuneration related problems are explained in...
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The unaccompanied minor in the Czech Republic
Malíková, Jindřiška ; Poláčková, Věra (advisor) ; Lorenzová, Jitka (referee)
The aim of this work is to explore, in the widest possible scope, the situation of foreigner children unaccompanied by their statutory representatives in the Czech Republic. The work deals with the most important legal regulations governing the situation of foreigner children, particularly focusing on social and legal protection of children and problems related to institutional education and its impact on the life of clients in the Czech Republic. One of the most important topics covered is multicultural education, i.e. the education of clients, their integration into school classes and the preparation of Czech children for cohabiting with foreigners. The work further describes various forms of residence that may be acquired by foreigners in the Czech Republic, indicating special procedures that can be adopted in the proceedings dealing with foreigner children. Part of the work is dedicated to institutions involved in working with clients, particularly the Facility for Children of Foreign Nationals. The work also presents real cases showing the problems faced by foreigner children unaccompanied by their statutory representatives.
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Czech and European law of corporate groups
Pudlačová, Šárka ; Patěk, Daniel (referee) ; Černá, Stanislava (advisor)
Czech and European law of groups Résumé: We are in a time of dynamic evolution. It comes to integration and globalisation. Groups of companies are usual economic phenomenon. Groups of companies are to be seen as a legitimate way of doing business. They bring the positive aspects, for example economize costs. But they bring the negative aspects too. They may present specific risk for shareholders and creditors in various ways. It is necessity to have a good regulation of groups for legal protection third subjects. My dissertation work is about groups of companies and their regulation in Czech and European rule of law. Our rule of law is influenced by European rule of law. I describe regulation of this problem in other rules of law at first. I selected French and German regulations of this problem because these regulations are more or less a model for the others. A foundation of German regulation is on wide protection of shareholders, creditors and incorporate companies after a formation of group. German regulation differentiates real groups from contractual groups and consequences which are connecting with them. French system of regulation groups is standing on Rozemblum conception. It is the conception which results from a judgement of a court. In this case a mother company can give daughter company...
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Opportunities on Russian trade in services for Czech entities
Gorbacheva, Olga ; Štěrbová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Taušer, Josef (referee)
The first chapter of the thesis is devoted to the development of Russian trade in services and describes the legislation of enterprising in Russian Federation. The second chapter analyzes the state of payment balance between Czech Republic and Russian Federation and development of the mutual trade in services. The third chapter aims to present Czech export opportunities, priority regions in Russian Federation and specifies strong, weak and risk aspects of its market.
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