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Signature of preschool children
Kociánová, Anna ; Kučera, Miloš (referee) ; Viktorová, Ida (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with signature of preschool age children. The theoretical part of the thesis attempted to answer the questions what a signature is and how it can be characterized. Personal name and script were established as two basic components of a signature and, consequently, these two phenomena were examined in detail, considered especially from the semiotic and linguistic standpoints. Signatures of preschool age children do not, however, fall within the typical categories. They differ from the cited definitions, they have some distinctive variables - unlike adults, children do not always use conventional letters and their reading of a signature depends on their particular theories about the function of the graphic symbols and the signature itself. Thus, this topic had to involve also the psychological point of view which examines closely child cognition. Three foreign theories on this subject were introduced, specifically the explorations of E. Ferreiro (1982), G. Hildreth (1936) and M. R. Honey (2002). All the studies consider developmental aspects of signature, its developmental continuity and some of them suggest further use of the acquired data for pedagogical and psychological purposes.
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The Life Style of a Diabetic Child
Hubatová, Markéta ; Pavlíková, Pavla (advisor) ; Hlaváčová, Marie (referee)
Dissertation is aimed in the awareness of diabetes in children about diabetes mellitus sickness and further on its lifestyle. In the theoritical part it desribes the diabetes mellitus sickness, its possible causes as well as the possibities of treatment or cure. In the next or following chapters, it discusses about it, what is its lifestyle and what duty or obligation have the children patient after being informed of the diagnose that it is diabetes mellitus. The main method used for processing on or working the dissertation was a questionnaire. The individual item in the questionnaire were the assessement from the point of view of the whole statistical collections, next is from the age point of view, sex and the length of sickness. Statistical research in groups 85 diabetic children were found, that the level of awareness about the problematic sickness was satisfactory and more if 90% of the questionnaire respondent knew the right answers in the knowledge item. Part of the questionnaire were also items dealing with the lifestyle of diabetic children of which statistical processing brought interesting results about life of children physically handicapped due to diabetes mellitus illness or disease.
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An insight to bastard childs problematic in Bohemia, based on the research of selected Church birth records of Kostelec nad Černými lesy lordship between years 1785-1873
Bayerová, Vanda ; Sochorová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Štěpánová, Irena (referee)
The tittle of this dissertation is The Probe into Probleme of illegitimated Children in Czech on the Basis of Research selected ecclesiatistic Registers on Dominion Kostelec nad Černými Lesy between 1785 and 1873. This study presents one of the most prodigies in the family life of our ancestors. The first theoretical part is composed of ten chapters with more subchapters. The second chapter is about archive materials and literature by czech and foreign authors. The third chapter consists in description of historical and ethnological names of illegitimated children, their mothers, their fathers and abortus, pragnancy etc. The next essay talks about prenuptial sex, possibility of meeting young single people, opinions their parents and rural society on, for example, virginity. The fourth chapter is generally about illegitimated children and their parents, their nuptial and reasons of their positions in the society. The next essay consists in description of crime of the past - infanticide. The subsequent theme is about natality theories, especially malthusianism. The succeed part is about obstruction of weding for unwealthy rural and municipal people. The next chapter is specially ethnological and folkloral. This is called The unbaptisted children, abortus and infanticide in the folk traditions. At the end of...
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Changes in BCM in children in dependence on age
Stará, Kristýna ; Malá, Lucia (referee) ; Bunc, Václav (advisor)
Defining a term: BCM- Body cell mass characterizes the amount of cells that are able to exploit oxygen, as well as cells rich in calcium and cells which are able to oxidise sugars. There are cells of bone tissue, muscle cells, cells of heart muscle tissue, and cells of internal organs (gastro-intestinal tract mainly) involved. The main components of cell mass are particularly ICV - intra cellular water and ECW - extra cellular water. Intra cellular water contains 40 % of the adult man body weight, while extra cellular water contains of 20 % of the body weight, from which 15 % is eligible for tissue humour and 5 % for blood plasma. The approach: The work has been made for four children groups aged from six to fourteen, who are members of the handball team "TJ Sokol Nove Veseli". The first, the youngest group is presented by "prep-team"- there are children born in 2003-2000 years. Very young pupils, who are children born in 1999-1998 years, present the second group. The third group includes younger pupils, who were born in 1997-1996 years, and the fourth - the last - the oldest group is made up by older pupils, who were born in 1995-1994 years. For these children groups the measurements are made at the end of sport season, later during the preliminary season, and at the end of preliminary season. The aim of...
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Multifunctional agriculture in Czechia after accesion to the European Union: conceptualisation, development and regional differentiation
Hrabák, Jiří ; Jančák, Vít (advisor) ; Spišiak, Peter (referee) ; Novotná, Marie (referee)
8 Abstract The dissertation deals with the concepts of multifunctional agriculture in the context of transformations of Czech agriculture in the post-communist era. In general, the study mainly wanted to discuss the concepts of multifunctional agriculture, known for over three decades, especially from the Anglo-Saxon environment, and to analyse the development of Czech agriculture as well as application of multifunctional agriculture especially in the period after Czechia's joining the European Union, including the perception of multifunctional activities by farmers. The initial part of the study discusses the concepts of multifunctional agriculture as non- commodity production (OECD 2001) and an integral part of rural development (Van der Ploeg, Roep 2003) on the one hand and of agricultural multifunctionality (Wilson 2007), on the other. The empirical part of the work was based on a quantitative assessment of regional differentiation of multifunctional agriculture in Czechia, the territorial concentration of multifunctional activities and dependence between the variables that influence its implementation. The evaluation of the perception of multifunctional activities by farmers has resulted from a field survey, or interviews conducted with farmers in three areas of interest of various types (municipality...
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The Danish System of Out-Of Home Care
Otřísalová, Kristina ; Vorlová, Marie (advisor) ; Koláčková, Jana (referee)
This dissertation tries to deal with differences and similarities in Danish and Czech system of out of- home care. It describes the system of out-of-home care in Denmark and compares some particular topics with the system of out-of-home care in Czech Republic. This comparison should serve as an inspiration for the Czech system, which in many ways needs to be improved. It may be a bit surprising, that the share of children, who are brought up in different kinds of out of home care is about the same in Denmark and in Czech Republic. Where these two systems differ is the balance between different types of out-of-home care. The Czech system still deals with a big amount of children in different types of residential care rather than in foster care or adoption. The other big difference is in the matter of how the systems are organised in general. Danish system seems to give bigger emphasis on the personal responsibility and ability to make a right decision about the future of a child or a young person, which is then not needed to be examine by another authority. Strong emphasis is put on the responsible work of each local authority. Danish system is also more systematical than the Czech one in the matter of social work with family of the placed child and systematic work with the child's case in general....
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The efficiency of primary prevention of drug addictions from the view of drug addicts as well as the drug experts in the Region of South Bohemia
SVOBODA, Jiří
The name of my dissertation is ``The efficiency of primary prevention of drug addictions from the view of drug addicts as well as the drug experts in the Region of South Bohemia.{\crqq} The dissertation aims to provide an insight into the issue of perceiving the efficiency of drug addictions{\crq} primary prevention by individual target groups of the research. A method of qualitative research was chosen to reach the objective. Two research questions were specified as follows: 1.How is the efficiency of drug addictions{\crq} primary prevention perceived by individual target groups? 2. Is the primary prevention of drug addictions applied systematically, timely and to a sufficient extent? To obtain the data, a non-standardised questionnaire with rather open questions was used. The research sample contained at the end 40 addicts, possibly abstaining and 31 experts working in the field of drug problems. Using graphic charts as well as commentary description, the findings part shows the elicited situation regarding the issue. Most of the experts consider primary prevention rather effective. If expressed in percentage, 30% efficiency of drug addictions{\crq} primary prevention was the most frequent choice of answers. On the other hand, the addicts evaluated the prevention as rather inefficient; however, in the percentage expression they shared the number with the experts - 30% efficiency was the most frequent choice. What the experts considered the weakest point of the current situation was the lack of funds into the primary prevention and a strong anti-drug lobby as well as the absence or inappropriate evaluation of the efficiency of primary prevention. The addicts saw the weakest points of the primary prevention in the lack of information on the consequences, as the information on effects prevailed over the after-effects. The dissertation confirmed some of the presumptive facts (insufficient/inappropriate evaluation of the efficiency of primary prevention) and indicated the propriety of similar research with a more extended view. Such research should be systematic and long-term with a broad platform of cooperating experts and media.
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Specificities of nursing newborn children with partum cranial injuries
KOBLIHOVÁ, Jitka
Birth injuries of the new-born infants might be caused either by mechanical or anoxic traumas that occur during the birth. The injuries might be a result of insufficient attention or inadequate efforts of the obstetrician but might as well occur completely independently of the obstetrician´s activities. The character and extent of birth injuries are very wide and vary from the insignificant ones that are cured completely without any consequences to those that leave long-term consequences and that may even end in the death of the new-born infant. Cranial injuries of the new-born infants include: caput succedaneum (swollen scalp), cephalohaematoma, petechiae, suffusion, eye injuries, scalpel-incised wounds, parietal bones fractures, spinal cord injuries and intracranial haemorrhage. This Baccalaureate thesis surveys the knowledge of the nursing staff as far as birth cranial injuries are concerned and concentrates also at specific aspects of nursing new-born infants who suffer from caput succedaneum (swollen scalp) and cephalohaematoma. The theoretical part comprises the most important pieces of medical knowledge in nursing new-born infants with birth cranial injuries. The first goal of this thesis was to map the level of knowledge of the birth cranial injuries among the nursing staff. In compliance with this goal a hypothesis was stipulated: ?Members of the nursing staff are well-informed about birth cranial injuries.? This hypothesis was verified and confirmed. It was found out that members of the nursing staff have good knowledge about birth cranial injuries, their predispositions and prevention. A quantitative research was carried out using the questioning method (the questionnaire technique was used). The research was carried out at the Neonatal Departments of the hospitals Nemocnice České Budějovice, a.s, Nemocnice Písek, a. s. and Nemocnice Strakonice, a.s. The second goal of this thesis was to map the specific aspects of nursing new-born infants who suffer from caput succedaneum (swollen scalp) and cephalohaematoma. In compliance with this goal a research question was stipulated: ?What are the specific aspects of nursing the new-born infants who suffer from caput succedaneum and cephalohaematoma?? It was found out that nursing new-born infants with caput succedaneum and cephalohaematoma does not comprise many specific aspects. The most important thing is to nurse such infants carefully and with caution, to position their heads on the side without caput succedaneum or cephalohaematoma, to check regularly the bilirubin level, to observe carefully the cephalohaematoma or caput succedaneum (its colour, size, localization) and to watch the behaviour of the new-born, mainly whether it shows any signs of pain. The research was carried out in a qualitative way using the question method ? the depth interview technique. The research file consisted of two nurses and two midwives from the Neonatal Department of the České Budějovice Hospital, a.s. The research has revealed that the nursing staff at neonatal departments is well informed about birth cranial injuries and that the nursing methods applied at new-born infants who suffer from caput succedaneum and cephalohaematoma do not differ much from the methods used in case of physiological infants. The output of the thesis is an educative material concerning birth cranial injuries that is intended for the nursing staff at neonatal departments.
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Medical Aspects of Abroad
Adli Hanna, Dagmar ; Malinová, Jana (advisor)
Transmitted diseases are generally well controlled. A high level of immunization has been reached and preserved as well. Despite the falling prevalence of schistosomoiasis in the last few years, it remains together with hepatitis and tuberculosis a significant problem of public health. Heath of mothers and children are still a problem. Maternity mortality and neonatal mortality are still high. Not transmitted diseases are increasing, concerning cardiovascular, metabolic, chest-trouble and malignant tumour. The most often malignity is tumour of breast, liver, urinary bladder and lymphoma. Colon tumours are increasing. An important role in mortality plays accidents. About 1, 2% of the whole population is blind, mainly as a consequence of a cataract or a granular lid that is still quite common in some areas. The importance of diseases connected with lifestyle is increasing. Smoking, too much alcohol, fat and sweet nurture, lack of exercise, not using safety belts in cars and not observing traffic regulations participate in total mortality and sickness rate. The following list includes the most important facts: 1. population growth, 2. endemic and contagious diseases, 3. Maternity mortality, neonatal mortality and children mortality, 4. chronic disease, chronic renal failure and tumours, 5. Accidents and...
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