|
|
Development of selected invasive species and meadow vegetation classification algorithm in the Krkonoše Mountains using hyperspectral data
Jelének, Jan ; Kupková, Lucie (advisor) ; Halabuk, Andrej (referee)
Development of selected invasive species and meadow vegetation classification algorithm in the Krkonoše Mountains using hyperspectral data Abstract The thesis deals with utilization of airbone APEX hyperspectral image data for selected invasive species and meadow vegetation classification in the study area of the Krkonoše Mountains National Park. The mian goal of the thesis was to develop of classification algorithm based on proposed vegetation indices. The approach was based on the utilization of in-situ LAI, fAPAR, chlorophyll content data and analysis of their relation with vegetation spectral properties. The work also deals with several problems regarding LAI - vegetation indices relationship, namely saturation of LAI and mutual correlation of LAI and chlorophyll content. Tha classification was focued on invasive species Rumex alpinus and Lupinus polyphyllus, meadow vegetation with dominant Nardus stricta and dominant Trisetum flavescens and cutted lawns. Besides the proposed approach, the presented work resulted in several classification maps of study area and in spectral libraries, containing ground level spectra of studied invasive species, meadow vegetation types and several other meadow species. Keywords: hyperspectral image data, APEX, LAI, fAPAR, vegetation indices, invasive species, meadow...
|
|
|
Spatial analysis of distribution of giant hogweed (\kur{Heracleum mantegazzianum}) in selected area of Karlovarsko region
OREL, Jakub
Based on its size giant hogweed belongs to the group of the biggest European herbs. It is non-indigenous plant species which can be originally found in the Western Caucasus. Successful introduction of hogweed has occurred not only in the Czech Republic and currently its invasive growth poses a threat to the variability of native ecosystems. Moreover liquidation of the plant comprises considerable financial losses. The most affected area of the Czech Republic is the region of Karlovarsko. In my bachelor 's thesis I am dealing with spatial analysis of distribution of giant hogweed depending on sea level and landscape cover in selected area of Karlovarsko region. Spatial analysis in geographic information system in combination with knowledge on species ecology might represent effective tool for management of both giant hogweed and other invasive plants.
|
|
|
American mink (Neovison vison) - biology of an invasive species.
Hlaváčová, Petra ; Vohralík, Vladimír (advisor) ; Anděra, Miloš (referee)
The American mink is considered to be an invasive, alien species across Europe, North Asia and also in South America and now it is perceived as a permanently growing treat for native biodiversity. Mink is an extremely adaptable predator, which achieves to adapt to almost any conditions and different food niches. The aim of this study was to contribute to cognition of biology of this species in Czechomoravian highlands condition. A telemetry study was run between 2004 and 2012 during which in total six individuals (3 males and 3 females) were being monitored on the Sázava River near Havlíčkův Brod. This study was supplemented by usage of photo traps. A couple of finding can be drawn from this study. Mainly, the records show the significant differences between sexes. Males and females differ in home range size, in day/night activity and in length of day movements. The second part of this study was focused on distinguishing tracks of three different species of mustelids: American mink, European mink and Western polecat. In total, 211 tracks obtained from these three species were measured. Seven points on a track has been identified, and the computer program Measuring tracks automatically created 131 parameters. These parameters were processed with canonical discriminant analysis. The results showed...
|
|
|
Watermilfoils (Myriophyllum) in the central Europe
Hrdinová, Magdalena ; Trávníček, Pavel (advisor) ; Prančl, Jan (referee)
Genus Myriophyllum L. (watermilfoil) belongs to one of the most species-rich genera within Haloragaceae (Saxifragales). It includes three invasive species, which are of major concern - European M. spicatum L., North American M. heterophyllum MICHX. and South American M. aquaticum (VELL.) VERDC. All of them occur in Central Europe as well as native M. verticillatum L. and M. alterniflorum DC. lacking more significant invasive growth up to now. It is not only its invasivness that makes genus Myriophyllum so fascinating. It also displays extremely high phenotypic plasticity which is accompanied by determination difficulties. Moreover, recent research indicates that Myriophyllum tends to hybridize producing more invasive hybrids than parental taxa. Such traits pose a formidable challenge to scientists to deal with possible future invasive growth of non-indigenous Myriophyllum species in Central Europe. Therefore, thorough study of factors influencing evolution success of plants should be conducted. One of the key factors seems to be polyploidy. Research into polyploidy offers a new approach to watermilfoil issues. Additionally, according to preparatory study all native Central European Myriophyllum species can be easily distinguished by flow cytometry. That enables to study polyploidy in an...
|
|
|
Analysis of ichtyofauna of the Czech Republic focused on alien species
Goldstein, David ; Hanel, Lubomír (advisor) ; Andreska, Jan (referee)
This thesis analyzes the ichthyofauna in Czech Republic in historical terms, i.e. how was the data on the occurrence of native species of fishes and lampreys collected. Particular attention is given to species alien to this territory - the following species are elaborated in more detail: Carassius auratus, Ameiurus nebulosus, Pseudorasbora parva, Ctenopharyngodon idella, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Aristichthys nobilis, Gasterosteus aculeatus, Coregonus maraena,Coregonus peled, Acipeneser baerii, Acipeneser stellatus, Acipenser gueldenstaedtii. The history of the introductions, the current situation in the Czech Republic and the impact on native ichthyofauna are listed (a more detailed evaluation of invasiveness is included for Carassius auratus, Pseudorasbora parva). Finally, the efforts to enrich the local ichthyofauna by introducing new species are generally evaluated.
|
|
|
Invasive water invertebrates in Czech Republic
Kolářová, Lucie ; Tátosová, Jolana (advisor) ; Dočkalová, Kateřina (referee)
An introduction of invasive species is considered to be one of the most actual problems of these days and is also related with water environment and water invertebrates. Occurences of many non-native species has been recorded in waters of the Czech Republic and these species can be divided into two groups. Species of the first group are invasive alien species - their ecological patterns (e.g. high growing rates, high reproductive capacity or ability to transfer exotic diseases) make their spreading more successful. North-American crayfish species (Orconectes limosus and Pacifastacus leniusculus), Dreissena polymorpha or Dikerogammarus villosus are the typical representatives of this group. The spreading of these species is very remarkable, since their introduction causes many harmful effects and has negative impacts on native fauna. However, the appearance of other group of water invertebrates has been found in our waters. These are also non-indigenous species, but their spreading is very inconspicuous - they do not reach high population densities and their invasion does not cause negative impacts on native fauna and ecosystems. The evidence of these harmless invasive species has been recorded thanks to the monitoring programs and we possibly wouldn't know about them without this monitoring. The...
|
|
| |
|
|
Výskyt nutrie říční a psíka mývalovitého v oblasti východních Čech
KOPŘIVA, Jan
The subject of this thesis was evaluation current status of the two species of fur animals, Coypu and Raccoon Dog in eastern Bohemia, in the Pardubice Region and the Hradec Kralove Region. Now Coypu otter and Raccoon Dogs occur in the region of eastern Bohemia. Raccoon Dog does not live only in the immediate vicinity of the water. Coypu lives directly on the water and the water is bound. If an option, so the earliest peoples larger flows. Also it prefers warmer areas. It occurs to 400 meters above sea level. Populations of both species of these invasive species of fur animals in the study area are growing. In the Hradec Kralove Region populations of both species are more numerous than in the Pardubice Region. Repeatedly been identified direct damage caused by the Coypu grazing crops. Further erodes the banks and dikes. Currently occurs in eastern Bohemia to 2,700 individuals Coypu and 900 individuals Raccoon Dog. Over the last five years was recorded increase in the number of both populations of those species about 100%.
|
|
|
Invasive species of fur animals in the coutryside of the Czech Republic
KOPŘIVA, Jan
Subject of the Bachelor´s thesis was developing of a literature review focusing on the status of invasive species of fur animals in the Czech Republic. Further attention was drawn to the damage , including diseases that may cause these animals and spread. It is discussed about the muskrat , the coypu, the raccoon , the raccoon dog and the mink , as they are species of fur animals, which are found freely on the territory of the Czech Republic , and there are not original animal species.
|
|
|
Selected ecophysiological characteristics of the new invasive pests in agriculture.
HOUFKOVÁ, Kateřina
The aim of this thesis was to gather and review information on biology and ecophysiology of four invasive species that are considered to be important pests in agriculture. Following species were chosen for the review: Tuta absoluta, Epitrix spp., Ostrinia nubilalis and Diabrotica virgifera virgifera. Experimental part of the thesis consists of ecophysiological and survival experiments conducted on one of the selected species ? Diabrotica virgifera virgifera. The influence of temperature and photoperiod on egg diapause termination was tested in the laboratory. A comparison of adulta survival on three different diets is also included.
|
guest ::
