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Changes in the distribution of invasive neophytes in the riparan vegetation of the Berounka river
Randová, Nela ; Matějček, Tomáš (advisor) ; Lipský, Zdeněk (referee)
Riparian vegetation along the water courses is one of the places that are highly vulnerable to the spread of invasive alien plants. Water corridors allow their easy and rapid spread to new area. The diploma thesis occupies with changes in the distribution of the invasive neophytes in the riparian vegetation of the Berounka river during the years 2015-2018. The objective of this study was to find out how changes in the course of each year will be reflected and whether a certain trend of population development can be traced. In connection with this, the thesis occupies with the possible influence of extremely dry years 2015 and 2018 on the occurrence of invasive neophytes. Field research took place on the banks of the Berounka river from the village of Čilá near Skryje to the confluence of the Berounka and Vltava river in Prague-Lahovice during the summer months in 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018. The riparian vegetation was divided into 500 ± 150 m long segments. There were 90 segments where the occurrence and abundance of 17 invasive neophytes were mapped. In total, occurrence of 14 taxons was registered. The most frequent taxons were Robinia pseudacacia, Impatiens glandulifera and Solidago sp. in the Berounka riverbank vegetation. The highest number of specimen was recorded for invasive neophyte...
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The city of Kutna Hora in year 1968
Šibrava, Radomil ; Koura, Petr (advisor) ; Čurda, Vojtěch (referee)
This diploma thesis called The city of Kutna Hora in year 1968 describes main events of year 1968 is the city of Kutna Hora in the Central Bohemian Region. At the beginning of this thesis, there is described the whole of Czechoslovakia in year 1968. The aim of this work was to concentrate to events of this year in the city of Kutna Hora and make an overview about this city in year 1968. There is the whole situation in Kutna Hora from the beginning of they till invasion of Armed force in August. Kutna Hora was not very strategic place in Czechoslovakia. For this work, the method of oral history was mainly used, big part of this thesis are stories and memories of local people, who remember the year 1968. In the thesis, there are also many authentic photos from private archives. Key words: Czechoslovakia, year 1968, Kutna Hora, invasion, oral history
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The Bay of Pigs and its influence on U.S.-Cuba relations
Jaroš, Milan ; Pondělíček, Jiří (advisor) ; Perutka, Lukáš (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the Bay of Pigs invasion which had been an important part of the U.S.-Cuba relations in the 1960s. The period between the Cuban revolution and the Cuban missile crisis was marked by rapid deterioration of those relations. The thesis is set exactly in this time frame. The invasion was the outcome of the previous deterioration and Castro's victory became the reason for further escalation of the hostilities between the United States and Cuba. This thesis answers the question what decision-making process led to the actual execution of the invasion, what mistakes caused the invasion to fail, who is to blame for this outcome and what consequences did the American failure have on further evolution of the U.S.-Cuba relations. It analyses steps of the planning process and the influence of all the interested parties on this process. It reaches conclusion that the aggressive approach was implemented because of cold war circumstances and the communist threat, the American fear of losing their influence in the western hemisphere and personal ambitions of involved participants. The responsibility for the failure cannot be assigned to just Kennedy's decision making, the CIA's planning or poorly organized Cuban opposition because the fiasco resulted from all these things together....
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Grenada Invasion: A Contribution to the Development of the Relationship between Great Britain and the USA
Tománek, Michal ; Soukup, Jaromír (advisor) ; Dopieralla, Jakub (referee)
Bachelor thesis Invaze na Grenadu: Příspěvek k vývoji vztahů mezi Velkou Británií a USA is a historical analysis of the impacts of invasion of Grenada (1983) on development of relationship between Great Britain and the United States of America. The relationship between these two countries is extremely specific that it has earned a particular term special relationship during the World War II. The Thatcher-Reagan era in 1980s is considered as an apex of this relationship. Grenada is a small island country in the Carribean that has gained independence from Great Britain in 1974. However Grenada was still a part of British Commonwealth of Nations with the British Queen still a formal head of state. Experts consider American invasion of Grenada the most critical moment in anglo-american relations of Thatcher-Reagan era. This thesis focuses on the formation a development of the special relationship concept including its historiographic approaches. Also it covers the revolutionary situation of Grenada that led to American invasion and it analyzes the influence of this clash of British and American interests on further functioning of special relationship. This thesis mainly is an analysis of primary literature (such as personal correspondence and speeches of the political leaders) as well as other...
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Monitoring of invasive plant species in cadastral area Římov
PETROVIČOVÁ, Ivana
This thesis monitors the occurence of selected alien species of decidious woody plant (Aesculus hippocastanum, Juglans regia, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Quercus rubra, Symphoricarpos albus, Rhus hirta, Robinia pseudoacacia) in cadastral municipality Římov. The result is maps with a plotted occurence of the interest species in the territory. The frequency (or area) of species, fertility and higher were detected also. Robinia pseudoacaci is the most widespread alien species in this territory, Juglans regia is also abundant in this location.
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Distribution of neophyte Impatiens glandulifera in Novohradské hory
KROBOVÁ, Gabriela
The main goal of this research is to discover, study and chart the habitat of Impatiens glandulifera in the area of "Novohradské hory". During this research I have recorded the distribution of populations of both the Impatiens glandulifera and other dominant specimens found in the region. The study describes and charts 27 localities in 8 areas. Detecting and recording in each location the surface area, height of cover, amount of specimens, fruits and seeds that could be potentially produced. This research provides valuable occurrence information of Impatiens glandulifera, preconditions for distribution and competitiveness in a specific biotope.
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Structure and function of the invasion apparatus of microsporidia
Dohnálek, Vít ; Doležal, Pavel (advisor) ; Vávra, Jiří (referee)
Microsporidia are obligate intracellular parasites that cause significant economic damage and can infect humans. They had evolved highly specialized invasion apparatus that is unique to them. During the invasion the sporoplasm is released from the spore wall and it is transferred to the host cytoplasm through the polar tube. Current research on the invasion apparatus has been focused mainly on the polar tube that is its most prominent structure. Polaroplast and posterior vacuole remain out of the main interest, although they are necessary for the activation and execution of the invasion. If the right combination of environmental factors occurs, the organization of the polaroplast begins to change, the posterior vacuole starts to swell and the polar tube is discharged. Sporoplasm is eventually pushed through the tube into the host cell by growing posterior vacuole. The mechanism has not been explained yet however plenty of theories are trying to explain the germination. This work summarizes current theories and knowledge of structure and function of particular parts of the invasion apparatus. Key words: Microsporidia, invasion, polar tube, intracellular parasitism, germination
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Kompetice o úkryt mezi hlavačkou mramorovanou a hlaváčem černoústým
KREJČÍ, Miloslav
Non-native species very often causes reduction of quantity or they completely replace the native species. One of reasons of this phenomenon is competition for habitat and shelter. Shelter is essential for bentic and primarily for speleophilous fish species to keep stable populations. Non-native species compete for shelter not only with native fauna, but also with other non-natives species too. The aim of the B. Sc. thesis was experimental evaluation of shelter competition between western tubenose goby (Proterorhinus semilunaris) and round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) in dependence upon shelter type, time of the day, sex and species. The experiment was conducted in eleven trials with 16 repetitions (tanks) in each trial. Western tubenose goby was always the resident fish in each trial. Invader was either conspecific (intraspecific competition) or round roby (interspecific competition). Two types of shelter were used ("plant imitation" and "rocky substratum imitation"). Shelter occupancy was evaluated in four 1-hour intervals (two intervals during the day and two during the night). The course of experiment was recorded by cameras with infrared ilumination. Solitary fish (without intruder) spent significantly longer time in shelter during the day regardless of sex and shelter type. In the intraspecific competition (western tubenose goby vs. western tubenose goby), the resident fish spent more time in the shelter than the intruder. In the interspecific competition (western tubenose goby vs. round goby), the intruder spent more time in the shelter compared to situations when western tubenose goby was intruder. In conclusion, round goby could be considered more aggressive species than western tubenose goby. It could explain successful spread of round goby in the natural conditions.
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Nicolae Ceauşescu and his stance towards the invasion of the Warsaw pact armies to Czechoslovakia in 1968
Fialová, Adéla ; Kocián, Jiří (advisor) ; Tejchman, Miroslav (referee)
The subject of this bachelor thesis are the policies of Romania in the 1960's, which can be characterized by efforts to gain independence on the Soviet regime. The thesis focuses especially on the former general secretary of the Romanian communist party Nicolae Ceauşescu's stance towards the invasion of five Warsaw pact countries' armies to Czechoslovakia. In the form of historical analysis the thesis explores the emergence of the autonomous position of Romania among other socialist states, the events preceding the intervention and finally both domestic and international consequences of the Romanian approach to the invasion to Czechoslovakia. In it's final chapters the thesis sketches out the development of Ceauşescu's policies up until the early 1970's. The objective of the thesis is to find out what were the reasons for rejecting the intervention, why Romania did not take part in it and what were the impacts of this step.
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Decision-Making Process according to Graham T. Allison: The U.S. Administration and the Invasion of Iraq (2003)
Zrůst, Tomáš ; Ditrych, Ondřej (advisor) ; Parízek, Michal (referee)
Thesis "Decision-making process according to Graham T. Allison: American government and Iraq invasion" focuses on application of Allison's three basic conceptual models, that were introduced and broadly defined in book Essence of decision: explaining the Cuban missile crisis in 1971, on decision-making process of American administration formed by George W. Bush, which led to invasion of Iraq in 2003. Models of the rational actor, organizational process and governmental politics represented huge breakthrough in Foreign Policy Analysis and studying of decision-making processes and even after many decades they remain highly valued. Main target of this study will be testing their empirical value by using edited interpretation and through different perspectives describe and outline nature of chosen decision-making process. Thesis emphasizes differences in perception of main actor and ways, how these views influence interpretation of character of picked case and final action. Consequently, analysis is offering clear summary of causes and procedures that led to realization of invasion, presenting reasons, why is this particular decision-making process considered as defect, and also offering closer view into functioning of the first government of President George W. Bush. Keywords Decision-making process,...
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