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Study of levels of selected toxic and benefit trace elements in human organism
Batáriová, Andrea ; Černá, Milena (advisor) ; Rychlovský, Petr (referee) ; Bencko, Vladimír (referee)
The work is focused on the study of variability in concentration and determination of reference values of selected toxic trace elements and benefitních in the human organism, which are monitored within the CZ-HBM (cadmium, lead, mercury, copper, selenium and zinc). The results shown here are based on concentrations of selected trace elements in blood and urine of adults and children from the locality Benešov, Plzen, Ústí nad Labem and Ždár nad Sázavou for the period 1996 - 2003. These data were processed by descriptive statistics annually. The aim was to undergo a detailed statistical analysis, taking account of indications of donors and children received a questionnaire (age, gender, location, smoking), to assess the development of long-term time series and to establish reference values valid for population groups in the period of time.
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Benefit of assesment of cytokines in inflammatory postoperative complications
Chachkhiani, Ivane ; Gürlich, Robert (advisor) ; Vokurka, Martin (referee) ; Adamec, Miloš (referee)
Infection and the resulting sepsis continue to be important causes of morbidity in surgical patients. Cytokine network causes activation of neutrophils and vascular endothelium with increased upregulation of adhesion molecules, setting at a train of pathogenic inflammatory reactions in the host. Increased concentrations of inflammatory cytokines observed in the initial phase of postoperative complications have a great significance in forecasting a potentially fatal outcome of the disease and can be used for an early diagnosis of systemic complications.Prospective, clinical trial. Levels of cytokines, procalcitonin (PCT), leptin and acute phase proteins (APP) were measured before and after the operation (planned resection of colorectal cancer) and compared with levels in sepsis. Cytokine levels were measured by ELISA method. APP were estimated by nephelometric analysis.PCT was measured by immunoluminometric analysisDuring the first 24 h after the planned resection of colorectal cancer there was a significant increase in serum concentration of interleukin (IL)-6 which declined in next 48 to 72 h. Serum concentration of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)was the highest between 18 to 24 h after the operation. IL-1 had a stable serum concentration without significant elevation. Serum concentration of IL-8 rose after 36...
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Two 1939 Soviet - German Pacts and Their Reflection in the Press of the Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia
Nevrkla, Lukáš ; Václavů, Lubor (advisor) ; Míšková, Alena (referee)
Two 1939 Soviet-German Pacts and Their Reflection in the Press of the Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia Abstract The main aim of the thesis is to analyze the reflection of the Soviet-German relations in the Czech legal press of the Protectorate Bohemia and Moravia at the time of the outbreak of the Second World War when the Ribbentrop-Molotov non-aggression pact (23 August 1939) and of the treaty of borders and friendship (27 September 1939) transformed the character of the international relations in the Central and Eastern Europe. At first, the text concentrates on analysis of the contemporaneous circumstances both in terms of international relations in Europe and in terms of internal domestic policies in the protectorate. In the following part, the author discusses the protectorate press response to the two German-Soviet treaties as well as the press attitudes to a number of other related issues such as the Soviet-Japanese conflict in Mongolia. The thesis is based on research of a series of Czech protectorate dailies, namely A- Zet, České slovo, Národní práce, Venkov a Vlajka. However, it also takes into account two illegal Czech periodicals, the magazine V boj and the Communist illegal newspaper Rudé právo.
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Transdermal in vitro permeation of cyclosporine IV.
Krejčová, Hana ; Doležal, Pavel (advisor) ; Musilová, Marie (referee)
Rigorosal Thesis 2006, Hana Krejčová Abstract The theoretical section gives a brief overview of anatomy, physiology and function of the skin, transdermal formulations and options for increasing transdermal absorption of drugs. The main part of the chapter is focused on cyclosporine includes updated information published on knowledge of the human immune system, and immunosuppressants. Experimental work presents the results of in vitro permeation experiments on pig skin. Donor and acceptor phase was in most experiments consisting propylene glycol and Tris-buffer pH 7.1 at a 1:1 ratio. Only a few experiments have been used as the donor phase of 10% dispersion of CyA in isopropylmyristate. Permeant determination was performed by HPLC with UV detection at 220nm. As a donor samples were used in the supersaturated system without CyA Enhancer, then a 5% addition of DMI or arlasolve, pyrrolidone or transcutol, or 1% transkarbam 12. All enhancers in the used concentrations icreased a depot formation in the skin, transkarbam 12 in the lowest concentration. For transdermal in vitro permeation experiments CyA appears to be administered in more lipophilic donor phase. The ideal length of the permeation experiments, it appears time 15 hours.
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An Analysis of the Counselling-Therapeutic Process in the Substitute Programme Subutexem o.s. Prev-Centrum
Miláčková, Markéta ; Procházková, Jana (referee) ; Goldmann, Petr (advisor)
This diploma paper focuses on the analysis counselling process in The Subutex® substitution programme Prev-Centrum, NGO, in Prague. On the strength of contemporary knowledge questions are asked about both this process and the whole programme. The theoretical part of this paper overviews contemporary knowledge on drug abusing; focussing on opiods, drug dependence and drug addiction and possibilities of drug users' treatment. It maps the situation in this field in the Czech Republic at the present time. This paper concentrates on both pharmaceutical and psychosocial stages of drug treatment, with special attention on the use of buprenorphine (Subutex®) as substitution. In the practical part of this paper the author analyzes her own factual examples of counselling praxis in The Subutex® substitution programme, with regard for previous theoretical basis. Pointing to key moments of this counselling process she is looking for their reasons and consequences, and considering the practical use of final statements in The Subutex® substitution programme Prev-Centrum, NGO. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Suffering in the light of christian faith and the male and female face of God
Lukavská, Jana ; Pospíšil, Ctirad Václav (advisor) ; Kohut, Pavel Vojtěch (referee)
The aim of this thesis is analysing the very problem and meaning of human suffering. First of all it is the testimony of Scripture itself that is used as a means of fulfilling our task, secondarily also the comparison with understanding of suffering and its mystery as presented in the apostolic letter of John Paul II. Furthermore, the thesis concentrates on the differences between suffering in male and female experience and also on examining the meaning and mission of suffering in the lives of two contemporary saints, Father Pio and Mother Theresa. The analysis is undertaken with the help of the tools offered by the International Theological Commission document Communion and Stewardship: Human Persons Created in the Image of God. At the closure of the work, there are described several concrete cases of people who went through the experience of suffering in their lives. Human suffering, the suffering of women, the suffering of men, Father Pio, Mother Theresa, Communion and Stewardship.
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Formation of spatio-temporal molecular gradients in early embryonic development of Xenopus laevis.
Šídová, Monika ; Tlapáková, Tereza (advisor) ; Pěknicová, Jana (referee) ; Petr, Jaroslav (referee)
Clarifying the underlying spatio-temporal mechanisms that determine body pattern is important for detailed understanding of embryonic development. A crucial question of vertebrate embryogenesis remains: when and how are single blastomeres determined for differentiation that subsequently leads to body axes specification and the formation of different tissues and organs? The answer to this question will be beneficial for primary research as well as in the field of applied medicine. The main aim of the presented thesis was to study spatio-temporal molecular gradients of cell fate determinants during early embryonic development. The African clawed frog Xenopus laevis was used as a model organism because of their large size of oocytes and external embryonic development. Due to late activation of embryonic transcription, a crucial mechanism of early blastomeres determination is dependent on asymmetric localization of maternal factors within oocyte and their uneven distribution into single blastomeres during early cell division. Two main localization patterns were identified along the animal-vegetal axis of the mature Xenopus oocyte using qPCR tomography. The localization gradient with preference in either animal or vegetal hemisphere was found for maternal mRNA as well as miRNAs. Moreover, two vegetal...
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The molecular mechanism of CSL protein participation in oxidative stress response in Schizosaccharomyces pombe
Daněk, Petr ; Převorovský, Martin (advisor) ; Sipiczki, Matthias (referee)
Redox homeostasis maintenance is important for proper organism and cell function, for while relatively low amount of reactive oxygen (and nitrogen) species contributes to the fine tuning of signal transduction, excessive concentration of ROS (oxidative stress) has demonstrably harmful effects and is tightly connected to many pathological states. Cells therefore evolved broad palette of antioxidant mechanisms that express striking level of conservation among different species. Large, intricate stress response signaling networks have been already described; nonetheless, novel molecules employed in stress-related signaling are still being discovered. Several studies recently suggested transcription factors CSL, proteins essential for regulation of metazoan development as effectors of Notch signaling, are also involved in response to oxidative stress. The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, well established model of response to various stresses, comprises two paralogs of CSL proteins - Cbf11 and Cbf12. We have found cells depleted of cbf11 are highly resistant to hydrogen peroxide. This resistance appears to be caused by upregulation of important stress responsive genes including ctt1, gst2, pyp2, and atf1. Cbf11 is therefore negative regulator of these genes, which suppresses their expression...
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Vývoj metody na stanovení steroidních látek ve vodách
PLAČKOVÁ, Lydie
The theoretical part of the Master´s thesis describes steroids, their features, and the methods for their determination in waters. In experimental part three steroid hormones, namely 1,4-androstadiene-3,17-dione (ADD), 1,4-androstadiene-3-one-17(beta)-ol (boldenone) and 17(beta)-estradiol were selected. The compounds were concentrated from water by LLE and SPE extraction and determined by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Several experiments were conducted to assess the recovery of specific extraction for studied compound.
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Business Plan
Gotschyová, Julie ; Tripes, Stanislav (advisor) ; Dvořák, Jiří (referee)
The main objective of this thesis is to determine the essential aspects of business formation, on the basis of which the real feasibility of the business plan is then evalu-ated. The backgroud research concentrates on the structure of the business plan's requi-rements. It deals in detail with the analysis necessary to determine the correct business strategy of the company. It contains the external environment analysis as well as the internal financial analysis. The subsequent section shows how the obtained information is applied to the particular business plan. The data needed to perform the analysis was obtained from statistical outputs, laws and regulations of the Czech Republic, from in-terviews with local residents, and also from my own personal calulations. The results were used for designing the company strategy and for the business plan feasibili-ty evaluation.
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