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Radicals formation in supersonic plasma jet
Mašát, Milan ; Tichý, Milan (advisor) ; Glosík, Juraj (referee)
Title: Creation of radicals in electric discharge supersonic plasma jet Author: Milan MaSat Department: Department of Surface and Plasma Science Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Milan Tichy, DrSc. Supervisor's e-mail address: Milan.Tichy@mff.cuni.cz Abstract: Free radicals are the key intermediates and propagators of chemical reactions in Earth's atmosphere. Study of their structure and chemical properties is vital for understanding the processes in atmosphere. But their high reactivity brings the need for specific research methods. In-situ preparation and non-invasive detection and characterization techniques are needed. Most commonly used laboratory techniques such as photodissociation or electric discharge generate radicals at temperatures that are significantly higher then those under atmospheric conditions, which we intendto model. In this work, I was developing a source of cold radicals and experimental techniques for measuring their properties. 1 combined plasma source, which creates sufficient concentrations of radicals with supersonic expansion in which the translational and internal degrees of freedom are cooled deeply below the room temperature. For their characterization I used high-resolution spectroscopy utilizing near infrared laser diodes. I also developed and built electronic circuits and software...
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The Rise and Fall of the Green Party
Sklenářová, Zdeňka ; Bureš, Jan (advisor) ; Polášek, Martin (referee)
The thesis' purpose is to analyse the evolution of Green Party between 2006 and 2010. Thesis is concentrated on the period when the party recorded under the leadership of M. Bursik its greatest electoral success and managed to not only exceed the electoral clause to enter the Chamber of Deputies, but also participate in forming a government together with the ODS and the KDU - CSL. Soon it became clear that the party was splitted in opinion and there was a struggle between realists, realizing that if they wanted to enforce their policies they would have to accept many compromises, and ecological radicals, who wanted to impose all or nothing. The thesis also describes the work of the Green Party in government and growing conflicts between members of Party, which resulted in the establishment of intra-party fraction "Democratic challenge" and consequent elimination of MPs O. Zubová and V. Jakubková of the Green Party parliamentary group. Particularly, intraparty conflicts and the inability of its President M. Bursik to unite the party meant a slow but steady decline in party preferences. This observation was confirmed by the electoral failures in regional elections and following elections to the European Parliament, after whichM. Bursik resigned. But finally even his successor O. Liška didn't manage...
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Tristram Shandy: A Cock and Bull Story - the novel and its adaptation
Jestřábová, Iva ; Hilský, Martin (advisor) ; Nováková, Soňa (referee)
My thesis is focused on Laurence Sterne's novel The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman and its first ever film adaptation Tristram Shandy: A Cock and Bull Story directed by Michael Winterbottom. I concentrate primarily on the specificities of literary and cinematic language and the way the film transforms literary methods into cinematic ones. In the first part I outline the director's previous work with special emphasis on adaptation and summarize some of the theoretical aspects of adaptation in general. I then concentrate on specific aspects of the novel, such as its genre, structure and characters, and analyze the methods by which they were used and transformed in the film. I also pose the question if the modernist and postmodern aspects of the novel are also applicable to its adaptation. In the last part of my thesis I analyze some of the central themes of the novel and the film, such as humour, sexuality or sentiment. The aim of my work was primarily to find out if the adaptation of this notoriously 'unfilmable' novel was successful and what methods it uses to tackle the original text. The most important passages of the thesis, therefore, are those which uncover the adaptational processes and their application in the film. During the course of the work, many parallels between the novel and...
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Transcriptional analysis of the \kur{HeT-A} retrotransposon in \kur{Drosophila melanogaster}
SÁBOVÁ, Michala
Instead of using telomerase, Drosophila melanogaster extends its telomeres by transposition of special telomeric retroelements (HeT-A, TART and TAHRE) targeted specifically to chromosome ends. One key step of the transposition mechanism is a transcription of the elements. Using the expression of a reporter Tomato transgene under HeT-A promoter control we obtained a spatial and temporal visualization of HeT-A promoter activity during the whole Drosophila development. This analysis confirmed that the activity of the HeT-A promoter is up-regulated by cell proliferation, however HeT-A promoter activity is not limited only to proliferating diploid cells. One important outcome of this study is the observation of variation in HeT-A promoter activity in both location and intensity.
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Challenges in Control of Unease and Aggression in Patients
Hauznerová, Jiřina ; Jedlička, Richard (advisor) ; Mellanová, Alena (referee)
In recent times it has been often discussed in profesionál circles and media about the rights of patients in connection with restrictive practices. Qualitative research in graduation theses is focused in mapping of issues to manage discomposure and aggression in patients during the provision of medical care, and in application of specialized methods in a variety of health services to patients specifically intoxicated and under the influence of psychotropic medications. The aggression often comes from patients that are confused, mentally challenged, which are under the influence of hallucination and delusion and severe trauma incidents. Confused and aggressive individuals can also show signs of impatience which is triggered during time of unexpected life events or stress.In my graduate work I concentrate on the different views of this topic. In providing medical care for troubled and aggressive patients, very often the communication between the medical staff and the patient is minimal.The goal of this thesis is to uncover professional approach towards an aggressive patient in the concept of medical care. Subsequent goal is to determine and analyze the problem related to the correct management of aggressive patients in conjunction with providing medical care and discover methods which can utilize the best...
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Stage fright. Psychological preparation for concert performance
Slobodníková, Barbora ; PAZDERA, Jindřich (advisor) ; TOMÁŠEK, Jiří (referee)
This work discusses problems of the stage fright before and during of a concert performance. It is examined assumptions and conditions which gives possibility for its creation. It is discussed psychological conditions which are essential for convincing musical performance. Motivation, concentration and experience are the most important components of successful interpreter. The key component for balanced musician is a very deep concentration. However, many people understand this term wrongly. One of the purpose of this work is to show its importance and influence on musician.
It is created a questionnaire, so I could find out how students of musical schools are dealing with issues of the stage fright. The goal is as widely as possible examin the problem of stage fright and find out the main causes of psychological problems.
At the end of my work I write about importance of psychological preparation and I suggest some of mental and breath excersises.
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Tectonic evolution of the Mariánské Lázně Complex and of surrounding units
Hafoudh, Shumran ; Konopásek, Jiří (advisor) ; Franěk, Jan (referee)
Tectonic evolution of the western margin of the Bohemian Massif is the result of southeastward Devonian subduction of the Saxothuringian Ocean followed by collision of the Saxothuringian continental crust with the easterly lying Teplá-Barrandian Domain during early Carboniferous (e.g. Franke 2000). Northwestern flank of the Teplá Barrandian Domain is represented by mafic and ultramafic rocks of the Mariánské Lázně Complex usually considered as an ophiolite complex documenting the closure of the Saxothuringian Ocean (e.g. Kastl &Tonika, 1984, Beard et al., 1994). Mariánské Lázně Complex is in the NW thrust over medium-grade metabasites and metasediments of the Kladská Unit with suggested Saxothuringian affinity (Kachlík, 1993), and in the SE it is overthrust by medium- to highgrade metasediments of the Teplá Complex (Cháb & Žáček, 1994). Geochronological data show that the northwestern flank of the Teplá-Barrandian Domain was exhumed already during Upper Devonian (Dallmeyer & Urban, 1998) and suggest apparent lack of deformation and metamorphism associated with Carboniferous collision. Our study has concentrated on structural record along the profile from the Kladská Unit to the Teplá Complex in order to separate structures produced during Devonian subduction and exhumation from those developed during...
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Resistance of some species of fish embryos to cryoprotectants at low temperatures
ALDORF, Milan
Different cryoprotectant media for cryopreservation of embryos has been tested on model species, i.e. common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and common tench (Tinca tinca). The aim of the study was to obtain such cryoprotectants, which will be acceptable for freezing embryos up to the temperature {--}196 oC. Cryoprotectants of 10 % and 20 % methanol or 10 % and 20 % glycerin have been tested on the tench for 21 minutes of incubation on embryos of four stages, meaning at 11, 17, 23 and 29-hrs after activation of gametes. The results showed that the tench embryos were most resistant either to low temperature and or to the application of cryoprotectants in the stage of 29-hrs post gametes activation. On the other hand lower resistances were obtained in the stage of 11-hrs post gamete activation. Embryos of carp 2, 6, 22, 24 and 42-hrs after gametes activation at temperature 18 and 22 oC have been used for testing of concentration series of cryoprotectant methanol and two solutions marked VS1 and VS2 after previous disruption of egg envelope in enzyme alcalaze solution. Results showed linear decreasing resistance of embryos depending on increasing concentration of cryoprotectant methanol. Hatching success even at highest concentration of solution VS1 and VS2 has not declined below 70 %. Achieved results with solution VS2 have been subsequently used for freezing of carp embryos by special methods in cryobiology {--} vitrification. First results showed up to 4 % success of survival after freezing of embryos at {$-$}196 oC.
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Polyesteramide nanoparticles.
Seidlová, Marie ; Dittrich, Milan (advisor) ; Šnejdrová, Eva (referee)
The aim of the work is focused on preparation method of nanoparticles by emulsion distribution and evaporation method. The objective was to obtain the smallest nanoparticles with the sufficiently high surface charge represented by zeta potential. Theoretical part of the presented thesis concerns biodegradable carriers, properties of nanoparticulate systems and their characteristics, preparation methods, methods of evaluation of preparation procedures, and prospective views of usage of nanoparticles in therapy. The substantial part of the thesis concerns experimental methods, results of experiments and its discussion. Nanoparticles were prepared from polyesters and polyesteramides dissolved in various biocompatible solvents. Appropriate concentrations of these carriers were founded. Solutions of carriers were dispersed in external aqueous phase containing various emulsifiers and model electrolyte by the use of various regimens of stirring. It was approved that the size of nanoparticles is possible to control by the agitating method and by the formulation of the inner and outer phase of emulsion system. During nanoparticles storage for few days in the aqueous dispersion medium nanoparticles were sufficiently stable.
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Czechoslovak national democratic party and František Hlaváček as a general secretary
Ulm, Karel ; Kuklík, Jan (referee) ; Čechurová, Jana (advisor)
Czechoslovak national democratic party was known for its strict suggestion to the German minority in Czechoslovakia and was keeping them. Famous became the sentence ofthe party chairman Karel Kramář: "Germans into the government, us into a revolution!" 1t was just the National democratic party that had entered in the government with Germans in 1927 ... The National democrats considered such nationalistst who felt a positiv relationship to their nation as to a community of people having a united history, language, culture and traditions. The nationalism of the National democrats was a relationship to a group of people, the patriotism was expressed by a positive relationship to the countryside. Nationalism of František Hlaváček, Karel Kramář, Viktor Dyk, František Sís, Vlastimil Klíma and others was a reaction to the German nationalism. A rightful endeavour before the German revanshism grew by some National democrats in a fobia of aH German. Still the National democratic nationalism ofFrantišek Hlaváček did not cross a border of shovinism in a sense to press and ocuppy others nations. According to the National democrats the nation should have been c10se and capable of defending against the enemies. It does not mean that there could not be partial interests of individuals and groups but those have to retreat...
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