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Mezinárodní obchod se zbraněmi: Případová studie Angola
Zassadskaya, Olessya
The topic of this thesis was the International arms trade: The effect on the development of Angola. The aim was to find out how the international arms trade contributed to the political and military situation in Angola in times of war among political opponents in the country. The contents of the theoretical part has been elaborated as a literature search using a specialized book of literature and expert sources having a relationship with the international arms trade. The practical part deals with the analysis of essential data connected to arm import to Angola relating to UN peacekeeping operations in Angola and the effects of these operations on the ground.
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Croatia-Slovenia Border Dispute in the Bay of Piran and Reasons of Reaction of both parties to final award of International Arbitration
Lipská, Jana ; Šlosarčík, Ivo (advisor) ; Šístek, František (referee)
This text presents progression of Slovenia-Croatia border dispute in the Bay of Piran and narrates the question of Slovenian junction to high seas. The dispute which escalated with the breakup of Yugoslavia in the early 1990s is one of many similar disputes that has the war in the Balkans caused. Therefore, the text presents the historical progression of the dispute and its solutions. However, none of those attempts of solution were successful and the dispute remained unsolved for more than twenty years until the parties finally agreed to international arbitration. The international arbitration of Permanent Court of Arbitration in Haag between 2012 - 2017 was the last attempt of solution by third party. This text reconstructs the arbitration and analysis reaction of both sides to the Final Award of the Tribunal and its process. Important part of the whole conflict as well as for this thesis is unilateral termination of Croatia from the arbitration due to the presence of wire-tapes which delivered the conversation between Slovenia's government representatives and Slovenian member of the Tribunal. The thesis presents the circumstances of those wire-tapes and reactions of both parties. The thesis contrasts the political arguments and the international law. It also answers the question why Croatia has...
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Protection of industrial property to indications and international law
Brunclíková, Lenka ; Dobřichovský, Tomáš (advisor) ; Žikovská, Petra (referee)
Protection of industrial rights to mark and international law Abstract The topic of this thesis is the Protection of industrial rights to mark and international law. Industrial rights to mark have become a common part of our lives whether it is from the position of a consumer who purchases the goods or services protected by these industrial rights to mark, or from the position of an entrepreneur who introduces products to the market. The aim of this thesis is to analyse the legal regulation, especially the international one, and to give a clear explanation of this dynamically evolving issue. In order to achieve this aim, the thesis is divided into seven chapters. The first chapter is devoted to the gradual development of industrial rights to mark explaining how these rights gained in importance over time and how the first laws establishing their protection were created. The second chapter lists the individual international agreements that regulate industrial rights to mark. Furthermore, the contribution to current practice of every international agreement is explained. The third chapter is devoted to the general characteristics of trademarks and aims to describe the issue of trademarks and their functions. Moreover, it defines the types of trademarks since especially after the effectiveness of the amendment...
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Polish and Greek reparation claims from Germany after 1990
Husák, Jim ; Kučera, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Králová, Kateřina (referee)
This thesis deals with reparations from Germany after World War II. The issue of post- war reparations has again become relevant in recent years, mainly due to Poland and Greece, two states occupied by the Third Reich during the war. Today, these states express dissatisfaction with the ration of reparations they received as dictated by the victorious powers after 1945. Moreover, since 2018, the Polish and Greek Reparation Commissions are cooperating in an effort to exert joint pressure on Germany. The subject of research of this bachelor thesis are the differences in the way in which states proceed with their reparation demands, what arguments they use and how the legitimacy of these claims is viewed by objective international law. Furthermore, the position of the government of Germany on this issue is briefly mentioned. In its first, theoretical part, the thesis contains a thorough description of the concept of reparations and describes the establishment of the reparation system after 1945, in order to clarify some important aspects of reparations after the Second World War. Emphasis is placed on developments in Poland and Greece. These examples also show differences in the two separate reparation mechanisms of East and West. The author presents essential information and knowledge from literature...
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Child Soldier in International Law
Kučerová, Zuzana ; Hýbnerová, Stanislava (advisor) ; Honusková, Věra (referee)
Zuzana Kučerová: Child Soldier in International Law Abstract This thesis deals with child soldiers from the perspective of the international law. It is predominantly concerned with two questions: protection of children from recruiting and their possible criminal responsibility for international crimes. After a short introductory chapter, which covers a brief history of child soldiers, the second part gives an overview of international legal instruments which aim at preventing the underaged from being recruited into armed groups, as well as from taking part in hostilities. Those instruments belong to three different branches of international law: humanitarian law, human rights law and international criminal law. The author concludes that international criminal law in particular is the best instrument to protect children from becoming child soldiers. The reason is that international criminal law applies directly to individuals, including non-state actors such as commanders of paramilitary forces. It is also in force at the times when there is no armed conflict as defined by international humanitarian law. The third part of the work focuses on criminal responsibility of children for international crimes. The major question in this field is whether we can prosecute children for those crimes at all. On the one...
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Unilateral secession in international law
Chowdhary, Chetan ; Lipovský, Milan (advisor) ; Pulgret, Miroslav (referee)
4 Bibliographic note CHOWDHARY Chetan, Unilateral Secession in International Law: The cases of Kashmir and Catalonia, 84 p. Master thesis. Charles University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of International Relations. Supervisor: JUDr. Milan Lipovsky, Ph.D. Abstract: In the recent times, unilateral secession in International Law has come under widespread discussion with the major issues revolving around the circumstances under which a minority group or sub-state can secede from the state incorporating it. The study focuses on the principles of self-determination, an important factor to secede from a state over which international law has an ambiguous stand. International Law regards unilateral secession to be legal only in the aspects of decolonization as a last resort, that is one of the reasons why Kosovo remains unrecognized by the United Nations. The study focuses on two important cases i.e. Kashmir and Catalonia and compares them with Kosovo and Western Sahara respectively to understand the stance of International law on their demands for secession. The examination of these cases reveals that historical violence and injustice are not the only factors influencing the secessionist demands in Kashmir; similarly, the reasons for the demand for secession in Catalonia extend beyond collective identity...
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Protection of copyright and international Law
Rybář, Dominik ; Dobřichovský, Tomáš (advisor) ; Žikovská, Petra (referee)
Protection of Copyright and International Law Abstract The topic of the thesis is focused on currnet situation within the area of international copyright protection in connection with new technologies. Firstly, it points to differences in national and regional adaptations of legislation based on the principle of teritoriality typical for copyright protection. It defines the position of copyright within the framework of international law and within the system of intellectual property rights. It then presents the legislational framework of this area through the Berne Convention, the TRIPs Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights and the WIPO World Intellectual Property Organization. It then focuses on the regional area of the European Union, where it discusses the Copyright Directive in the Information Society and the currently prepared Copyright Directive in the Single Digital Market and discusses in more detail its controversial articles 11 and 13. In Its second part, the thesis aproaches concepts of copyright, the criterion of originality and uniqueness, dualism of copyright as divided to the economic and moral rights and the concept of employee works. This provides a theoretical basis for the following chapters to illustrate a possible copyright problem related to artificial...
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International legal aspects of civil aviation security
Havlíková, Kateřina ; Ondřej, Jan (advisor) ; Lipovský, Milan (referee)
International legal aspects of civil aviation security Summary The main focus of this thesis is to analyze the existing legal instruments that the international community has at its disposal in order to secure safe international air transport and its protection from unlawful acts. As the current level of global security tightens, the topic of civil aviation security can be perceived as especially topical. Seen from the perspective of a perpetrator, air transport, including each element of its infrastructure, represents a valuable target. This thesis analyses the legal instruments and evaluates the importance of the legislative functions of the International Civil Aviation Organization ICAO within the framework of the proclaimed risk based approached. The risk-based approach should gradually prevail over the traditional reactive approach firmly established in the existing multilateral treaties dealing with civil aviation security. This thesis is divided into 7 parts. The first of which outlines the genesis of unlawful acts in civil aviation and takes into account the importance of those events for legislative development in the area of air security. Part two deals with selected modern trends in civil aviation security shaping the existing legal regime. Threats of terrorism and cyberterrorism as a present day...
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Compensation of victims of the most serious crimes
Penc, Lukáš ; Hýbnerová, Stanislava (advisor) ; Tymofeyeva, Alla (referee)
Title of the diploma thesis: Compensation of victims of the most serious crimes Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the compensation of victims of the most serious crimes in international law. These crimes present a violation of jus cogens and their consequence is erga omnes obligation. At the same time, it is extremely difficult to compensate these crimes from the reason of mass or systematic character of their committing. The goal of the thesis is to analyse its research questions and to respond to them. These research questions are contractual and also customary regulation of content of the responsibility duty, with emphasis on the question of whether it is possible to deem the compensation of victims of the most serious crimes as part of the responsibility duty of relevant subjects, mainly states, and furthermore, the question of which resources can serve to effective compensation of victims of the most serious crimes. The thesis is divided into four chapters, the first chapter deals with historical genesis of the responsibility for the most serious crimes and clarifies fundamental terms, whereas following chapters correspond to research questions of the thesis. The second chapter of the thesis analyses contractual and customary regulation of content of the responsibility duty. This analysis has...
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