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Folk religiosity during High Middle Ages and Early Modern times as reflected in material culture
Juřinová, Šárka ; Scholz, Stefan (advisor) ; Royt, Jan (referee)
Folk religiosity during High Middle Ages and Early Modern times as reflected in material culture (the example of small ceramic sculpture) This work focuses on study of religious practice and urban everyday life of urban folk groups in Prague Towns from High Middle Ages till Early Modern times. The most common archaeological artifacts reflecting religious practice are small clay figurines found both in urban and in rural environment. These figurines made of fired clay depict in most cases Madonna with Christ-child and various saints, nevertheless profane figurines and various zoomorphic artifacts can be found too. This work is focused mainly on findings of clay figurines obtained during the large archeological excavation on Republic Square in Prague, which offered a unique collection of artifacts dated from 1250 to 1600. Analogies from the Central Europe will be considered in the process of evaluation of the assemblage mentioned above. It is not known exactly what the purpose of these artifacts was and it is still a subject of discussion, into which we will try to bring some new light. Right iconographic interpretation requires a comparation with some other objects of folk religiosity and urban everyday life (such as medallions and other small holy objects, pilgrim signs, pilgrimage pictures,...
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The Týřov castle. His former significance, material culture and building form.
Dvořáková, Michaela ; Klápště, Jan (advisor) ; Mazáčková, Jana (referee)
(in English): This thesis solves the fundamental questions in research on castles and factual example in the form of Týřov. It deals with the history and architectural development of the castle, including a discussion of the origin of architectural traditions, which in previous works considered for the import of French architecture. A substantial part is dealing with the castle in the landscape, where the emphasis is on natural conditions, which give structural form of the castle. Another aspect that has been solved in this work is to establish a castle on the local infrastructure and major traffic junctions, or obstacles (fords, etc.), Including a link to the village maids and raw materials. In the studio castles are often accentuated features of the castle. In addressing this issue we must address its structural form, infrastructure, facilities, raw material and inventory of the castle, which reports on the social status of its inhabitants. The last part is the processing of the selected file material. This process yielded pottery dating the 13th century, which still missing in the region. The processed material is also evidenced by the daily life of the inhabitants of the castle.
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Fashion, Originality and Style: an Ethnographic Probe into a Fashion Atelier
Oulová, Jana ; Halbich, Marek (advisor) ; Josephy, Michal (referee)
The thesis "Fashion, Originality and Style: an Ethnographic Probe into a Fashion Atelier" deals with the phenomenon of fashion from the perspective of anthropology and sociology. It's based on the key theoretical approaches that view fashion as a marker of class and competition of wealth, but also as an expression of one's individuality. The thesis also pays attention to the connections between fashion and cultural environment, and the analysis of fashion in the contexts of material culture studies and the shifting perception of the fashion designer and his work. The work on this thesis also included a field research in the fashion atelier of Ivana Follová, a Czech fashion designer. In the course of several months, the daily operations of the atelier were observed together with the influences affecting the production of fashion goods, and the making of designs. Attention was also paid to the regular customers who frequent the fashion atelier and use its services. The research combined collecting data from participant observations and half-structured interviews. The aim of the study was to find out what principles the fashion industry is based on with a special focus on tailor-made fashion, but also to describe the customers of the atelier and their motives for the need of fashion products.
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Arts and Crafts of Central Asia on the Example of the Náprstek's Museum Colection
Hejzlarová, Tereza ; Pargač, Jan (advisor) ; Nováková, Hana (referee) ; Kokaisl, Petr (referee)
The Central-Asian region, in current geo-political signification understood as the territory of five Post-Soviet states: Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, and partially of Kazakhstan, has went through a very rich and colorful historical development. During this development it has absorbed many different culture impulses and influences that helped the region to develop conditions for the formation of a distinctive artistic expression. To a certain extent, we can observe continuity in the development of traditional arts and crafts professions since early historical times until today. Among the most important craft branches we need to mention textile production, involving carpet weaving, processing of felt, fabrics and embroideries, and also artistic metal processing represented particularly by the jewelry production and last but not least, ceramics production. Arts and crafts have always had a very important position in the history and culture of Central Asia. Craftwork has been a subject of trade for a very long time period here, this fact being enhanced by the geographical position as well, since the region is situated on the route of the famous Silk Road. Arts and craft production, which comprised of common goods but also exclusive products of high artistic value, intended for the...
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Historical, cultural, and symbolic borders of Ancient Israel
Kůrka, Rostislav ; Čapek, Filip (advisor) ; Sláma, Petr (referee)
This thesis attempts to explore the understanding of borders of ancient Israel and their extent based on biblical account. The starting point is exploring the very term "border" and its meaning in the Old Testament. This thesis operates with both geographic and cultural or ethnic boundary based on archeological finds and material culture. In comparing biblical and non-biblical material it attempts to discover how closely do various texts describing Israel's boundary reflect possible historical reality. In the cases where the boundary delineated by the text seems to be rather symbolic this thesis considers various possible reasons for such a delineation of ancient Israel and attempts to find likely influences of political or religious agenda, historical situation or myth on respective delineations.
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Romanisation of Britain
Bělohoubková, Dana ; Musil, Jiří (advisor) ; Titz, Pavel (referee)
This work is dealing with romanisation of Britain. In the first part, the situation before Roman conquest of Britain is outlined. Further, I've tried to depict the process of invasion with accent on the policy of Romans toward the tribes. The second part of the work is dealing with the romanisation itself. We can observe this process for example on creation and development of towns, material culture, and transformation of religion. In the conclusion, I've tried to assess this factors and their part in this process.
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