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Role of clonal integration in plant competition
Duchoslavová, Jana ; Herben, Tomáš (advisor) ; Oborny, Beáta (referee) ; Martínková, Jana (referee)
Clonal growth enables plant to replicate rooting units (i.e. ramets), adding another hierarchical level to plant modularity. Clonal growth is very common, at least in the temperate flora, and widespread over the angiosperm phylogenetic tree. Different clonal growth forms have specific sets of clonal traits that determine their performance in response to environmental conditions and under competition. Clonal integration is one of the important clonal traits and is associated with a number of other clonal functions. Integrated ramets can translocate resources and signals by connecting clonal organs, such as horizontal stems or roots. Such integration is particularly important for young developing ramets, but it may persist and help developed ramets cope with environmental heterogeneity. Clonal integration at both early and later stages of ramet development may be an important factor affecting plant competition and has been shown to promote expansion into vegetated areas in some species. However, competition is complex and differs aboveground and belowground. Translocation of carbon and nutrients under competition may differ accordingly, but very little is known about this. The costs and benefits of clonal integration have been predicted by theoretical models. However, there is considerable variability in the...
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Perception of sports advertising in the Ice Hockey Extraliga by fans of the selected ice hockey club
Denková, Barbora ; Čáslavová, Eva (advisor) ; Opelík, Daniel (referee)
Author: Barbora Denková Title: Perception of sports advertising in the Ice Hockey Extraliga on fans of the selected ice hockey club Objectives: The main aim of my bachelor thesis was to examine the fans' perception of sports advertising through a questionnaire survey, i.e. whether the advertisements of the partners of a selected Czech ice hockey club, which are placed on the players' equipment and stadium surfaces, are perceived duringthe match and can be recalled later. As part of the main objective, I further investigated whether there is any difference in how people of different genders notice these advertisements. Whether men pay more attention to such advertisements than women or vice versa and what is the difference in the perception of said advertisements between fans of the selected hockey club, fans of another hockey club and non-fans. It also focused on how viewers perceive the ads and whether they restrict them from watching the game. The final aim of my research was to identify, with the help of the respondents, those places in the stadium or on the players' equipment that are most noticed by the spectators and thus most suitable for the placement of sports advertisements. Methods: The method of quantitative research is a questionnaire, which examines whether Sparta hockey fans notice...
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Comparative analysis of muscle activity in selected calf muscles during running in military boots and running shoes
Polata, Václav ; Bačáková, Radka (advisor) ; Turčová, Ivana (referee)
Title: Comparative analysis of muscle activity in selected calf muscles during running in military boots and running shoes Objectives: The aim of the thesis is to compare the muscle activity of selected calf muscles during running in military boots and running shoes. Methods: Six subjects participated in the measurement, all of whom were members of special forces. Using surface electromyography, the muscle activity of three selected muscles (medial head of the gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior, and peroneus longus) was measured. The muscle activity was measured while running in military boots and running shoes on an athletic track. The basic results were calculated in the MegaWin program and then transferred to MS Excel. Results: The obtained results reveal that muscle activity in the medial head of the gastrocnemius and the tibialis anterior is higher when running in military boots compared to running shoes. For the peroneus longus, there was no statistically significant difference in muscle activity between running in military boots and running shoes. Conclusion: The muscle activity of selected calf muscles during running in military boots and running shoes differs for specific muscles. Due to the higher weight and rigidity of military boots, there is greater muscle activity in the medial head of...
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Motivation of fans of the AC Sparta Prague women's football team to fandom
Nečásková, Jitka ; Štědroň, Jakub (advisor) ; Krause, Veronika (referee)
Title: Motivation of fans of the AC Sparta Prague women's football team to fandom Objectives: The main objective of this thesis is to identify the factors motivating fans of the AC Sparta Prague women's football team to fandom and based on the results to propose recommendations for expanding the fan base and increasing attendance at matches. Furthermore, the fans were addressed directly at the matches of the AC Sparta Prague women's team. Methods: The questionnaire of Funk et al. (2003) was partially adopted to investigate the motivational factors of fans of the AC Sparta Prague women's football team. The data were obtained by means of an electronic questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. The questionnaire was sent to the account managers of the fan communities and subsequently published on the respective social networks, own contacts were used for the interviews. Results: The case study shows that fans started to support the Sparta women's football team most often on the basis of playing football, the influence of other people and having a family member playing for Sparta. Fans are most motivated to fandom and attend games by the factor interest in the team with an average value of 5.42, followed by the factor support for women's opportunities in sport with an average value of 5.19 and the...
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Perception of factors influencing adaptation to handball training from the perspective of handball coaches
Velková, Bára ; Petružela, Jan (advisor) ; Vampola, Jindřich (referee)
Title: Handball Coaches' Perceptions of Factors Driving Training Adaptation. Objectives: The objective of this thesis is to identify and analyze the key factors affecting handball players' adaptation to training from the perspective of handball coaches in the Czech Republic. The focus is particularly on psychological and social factors of adaptation. The work aims to compare the opinions and experiences of coaches at different levels to determine how their approaches and strategies differ based on experience and qualifications. Methods: The study uses qualitative and quantitative data collection methods, specifically a survey conducted among handball coaches in the Czech Republic. Results: The results indicate that the key factors for successful training adaptation are mainly the athlete's trust in the training plan, a quality relationship between the coach and the athlete, and social and emotional support. The findings show that psychological and social factors play a significant role in training adaptation. Keywords: sports training, psychological factors, social factors, handball coaches
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Coordination properties of a 2-(diphenylphosphino)guanidine ligand
Leitner, Zdeněk
Title: Coordination properties of phosphinoguanidine ligand Author: Bc. Zdeněk Leitner Institution: Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Department of Inorfanic Chemistry Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Petr Štěpnička, Ph.D., DSc. Polar phosphine ligands have found use in variety of homogenous and biphasic catalytic processes. In the past, extensive research has been performed also on cationic phosphines, namely phosphinoguanidinium salts. However, neutral phosphinoguanidines have been mostly neglected and their coordination chemistry has not been described to a satisfactory extent, even though the combination of soft phosphorous and harder nitrogen Lewis base could exhibit interesting properties, mainly hemilabile coordination, as well as protonation-controlled nitrogen coordination. These properties could have a positive impact on catalytical performance of this ligand in systems, which benefit from hydrogen bonding or the presence of basic guanidine group. The aim of this work was to study coordination properties of an earlier prepared ligand L and the corresponding phosphinoguanidine salt L·HCl in reactions with Group 11 metal precursors. New compounds were characterized, and their crystal structures were determined. In addition to conventional compounds, an uncommon dimeric complex...
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Skiing through games for pre-school children
Dvořáková, Barbora ; Bačáková, Radka (advisor) ; Psohlavec, Lukáš (referee)
Title: Skiing through games for preschool children Objectives: The aim of my bachelor's thesis was to create a set of games that will be focused on the development of skiing skills into the teaching of skiing for preschool children. Methods: This bachelor's thesis is an academic work with a didactic component. As sources for this thesis, I used bibliographic sources of various types and intergrated them with the practical part, which draws from my experience. The collection of games is then divided info five sections: warm-up, skiing movement, stopping an plowing, downhill skiing and parallel slalom. Results: The outcome of this work is a collection of games focused on various aspects of skiing instruction, from walking on skis to parallel slalom. Each category includes specific games that develop skiing skills in preschool children. Instructors or teachers can use tis collection as inspiration and a tool to enrich skiing instruction. Conclusion: Gamas are an integral part od children's lives, and it is necessary to incorporate them into skiing instruction. Children develop not only skiing skiing but also communication and cooperation through them. The collection of games serves to develop all these skills and abilities. Keywords: skiing skills, child development, games in teaching, motivation
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Acquisition and development of professional competencies of attorneys
Maginec, Jan
Due to the nature of their work, attorneys, as professional legal representatives of natural and legal persons, must possess a variety of professional, digital and soft skills. The aim of the thesis is to analyse and identify the professional competences possessed by attorneys, and to determine how professional competences can be acquired and developed. The theoretical part, based on a literature review, introduced the lawyer as a profession providing legal services. Furthermore, the general concept of competences and competency models were presented. The research methodology used is qualitative. The research (empirical) part is based on the technique of semi-structured in-depth interviews with attorneys, which allowed a more detailed evaluation of the relationship of attorneys to individual professional competences, including the way they are acquired and developed in their working life. Based on the qualitative analysis of the research findings, which was conducted using an inductive method, it was found that attorneys generalise professional competences into 4 groups. Attorneys identified professional practice as the primary way to acquire and develop professional competences. Based on the further elaboration of these data, a competency model of a lawyer was created. These conclusions, including...
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Strategy of a selected sports club
Krob, Jiří ; Opelík, Daniel (advisor) ; Čáslavová, Eva (referee)
Title: Strategy of a Selected Sports Club Objectives: The main objective of this work is to formulate the strategy for Sportclub Řevnice, z.s. Methods: Qualitative semi-structured interviews, Focus group, Document analysis, Taffler's bankruptcy model, Kralicek's quicktest, Modified value chain Results: The financial analysis revealed a generally good creditworthiness of the club, which was compromised in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Fluctuations resulting from investments in long-term assets were also noted. The value chain provided a comprehensive view of the monitored entity and uncovered a current financial challenge in the form of leasing repayment. Based on this information and the information obtained in the previous bachelor's thesis dealing with the same subject. Market leader strategy combined with differentiation strategy were selected, setting three main strategic areas: engaging new target groups in the club, differentiating the offered product by ensuring premium quality training, and providing all premium sports services for all club members while ensuring financial stability. These approaches then form the structure of goals and activities to achieve these goals. Keywords: Strategy, Strategic management, Financial analysis, Value chain, Mission and Vision
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Use of psychological preparation in MMA
Kuchta, Ondřej ; Zdobinský, Adam (advisor) ; Holá, Veronika (referee)
The objective of this thesis is to provide an overview of the current knowledge on the significance, methodologies, and applications of psychological training in MMA. The objecti- ve of this thesis is to demonstrate how psychological training can facilitate the attainment of optimal sporting performance and to delineate the various techniques and strategies that can be employed by MMA athletes. The thesis asserts that psychological preparation is an essen- tial component of successful training in MMA. The systematic and regular use of psychologi- cal techniques and strategies can lead to significant improvements in performance, confidence and the ability to manage stress and emotions. This paper provides a comprehensive review of current knowledge and research in the field of psychological training in MMA and provides practical recommendations for athletes and coaches on how to effectively integrate psycholo- gical training into the training process. Keywords: Martial arts, imagery, self-talk, breathing exercises, cognitive-behavioral training, coa- ching, sport psychology, combat sports
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