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Obstacles to effectiveness of law
Baňouch, Hynek ; Gerloch, Aleš (advisor) ; Kühn, Zdeněk (referee) ; Večeřa, Miloš (referee)
217 SUMMARY H. BAŇOUCH: PŘEKÁŽKY EFEKTIVNOSTI PRÁVA. DISERTACE. PRF UK V PRAZE Summary The dissertation thesis Obstacles to effectiveness of law points out to the phenomena, processes and approaches which diminish social effectiveness of law. Effectiveness of law is presented in its legal theoretical as well as economical and sociological form. The author does not give priority to any model of effectiveness, but rather examines advantages and weak points of each model while concurrently keeping a considerable distance from economic ideologization of law. Effectiveness studies, however, should always pursue real effect of law and, plainly speaking, they strive to trace the difference between law in books and law in action. As follows from the analysis of abstract effectiveness, effectiveness of law should be seen as a whole, because focus on partial results can diminish the overall effectiveness. Cost effectiveness is not able to produce a satisfactory outcome because it leaves aside a whole group of goals which cannot be expressed by direct financial income. The reflections are made upon processes which take place in society in transition, i. e. a society which has been undergoing a profound change. The transformation of a European state in the XX and XXI century must be realized by means of law; however,...
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The relationship between liability for damage and liability for defects
Valachovičová, Petra ; Švestka, Jiří (advisor) ; Salač, Josef (referee)
Résumé My diploma is focused on mutual relationship between the title from liability for damage and the title from liability for defect. Firstly, I tried to explain every institute separately and in the end of my work I dealt with their interrelation. In the first Chapter I outline a picture of civil liability in the level of juristic theory and I bring a view on the origin and content of civil liability. In this Chapter I point out that the understanding of the term of civil liability is non-uniform, which leads to serious opinion fragmentation. One of the main tasks of the legal order is to ensure the protection of the society and individual from the conception of damage with the aid of legal rules together with coercive state authority. It means that the protection of their health, property, as well as nature and the environment should be provided. Legal order realizes this task through the prevention of damage conception, what was the object of the second Chapter. I place emphasis on general and special prevention and I clarify in what they vest. General duty prevention imposes to everybody to act so, that no damage to health, property, nature or the environment will happen. Subsequently, special duty prevention imposes to the person, who possesses the risk of damage, to act within the context of its...
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Criminality and its presentation in media-4choses cases in the Czech Republic after 1993
Kasalová, Renata ; Jirák, Jan (advisor) ; Křeček, Jan (referee)
Diploma thesis "Criminality and its presentation in media - media representation of four chosen criminals in the Czech Republic after 1993" deals with presentation of criminality and criminals in mass media. Mass media play an important role, they are the main actor that creates public opinion and influences attitudes and opinions of the public within the basic themes that are important for contemporary society. After 1989, in connection with beginning media freedom and development of commercial media sector we could observe remarkable growth of news related to criminality and crime. We could also realize an increase of their tabloidization and brutalization. Unqualified public gains its knowledge of criminality in the region it is staying in and also in the whole republic particularly from the media. Media may although report to the recipients incorrectly about the involvement of criminality, number of crimes etc. The themes of this diploma thesis are as following: media production related to criminality and journalism, normative demands for journalism and media products including their infringements, social and media construction of reality and media representation. Within the qualitative analysis I am observing the media representations of the criminals, named Jiri Kajinek, Petr Zelenka, Vaclav...
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Senior's Volunteerism
Špačková, Magdalena ; Pospíšilová, Tereza (advisor) ; Černá, Milena (referee)
Senior's volunteerism in the Czech Civil Society's background does not have clear contours so far. This thesis brings a clearer idea about senior's volunteerism in the Czech Republic. It outlines the possibilities for development of senior's voluneerism and better knowledge in Czech and foreign researche. The second part of the thesis shows the results of a qualitative research which was realized on the sample of volunteering seniors in the social services in Prague.
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European social fund in Czech Republic and its contribution to development of adult education
Tichý, Karel ; Krištofová, Zuzana (referee) ; Mužík, Jaroslav (advisor)
This bachelor thesis focuses on European social fund and its contribution to development of adult education in Czech Republic. The contribution is observed through the outcomes of projects, which were - thanks to European social fund - realized in past 4 years. The thesis explores the changes of functions and meanings of education in society and also the changes of the concept of so-called knowledge society, which is widely discussed across the whole European Union. These problems are subsequently connected with the representation of the history and development of the European social fund. There are also represented the basic strategy documents of European Union, which are focused on the adult education problems. In a short form, the history of adult education in Czech Republic is presented too. After this, the attention turns to the history of activities of European social fund in Czech Republic and to the basic republic strategy documents, which are focused on the education problems. Based on the outcomes of the accessible evaluation report and on the responses of experts, who are closely connected with the European social fund problems, the actual contribution of this fund to the development of adult education in Czech Republic is analyzed. This evaluation then leads to the definition of the areas, which...
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Preferences of urban teenagers' leisure time spending: microculture of ?mall junkies? in the space of shopping mall
Radová, Lucie ; Šiftová, Jana (advisor) ; Fialová, Dana (referee)
This thesis focuses on leisure time activities and places, which are prefered by urban teenagers for spending their leisure time. My first objective is to focus on a new trend in the sphere of spending leisure time of contemporary teenagers, thereby the passive leisure time spending in large shopping malls. Nowadays shopping malls are very fashionable places for realization of leisure time activities, not only among youth. Teenagers play the pivotal role in my work, because this group of population predestines - to a certain degree - the future evolution in a society. The main aim is to understand why teenagers spend their leisure time this way and find out, what leads them to the passivity in realization of their leisure time activities. What brings them this way of spending their leisure time and what is specific for the space of shopping mall, where they spend their leisure time. I want to understand spatial aspects of using in this micro-space of shopping mall and as well as I want to recognize the role of wider social context. I selected two shopping malls in Prague for my research: Centrum Chodov and Palác Flora. Questionnaire survey, participant observation and in-depth interviews were realized. These malls are not selected randomly, but on the basis of the field research, which preceded to...
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Communication problems as a cuase of single parent families
MORAVČIKOVÁ, Petra
Submitted thesis tries to show importance and irreplaceable space in communicatin at present. It also deals with the need for communication in the basic cell of society - the family. It speaks about the importance and need for mutual communication and the correct listening in families. It deals with the causes of matrimonial crisis and consequences of cinflicts in the family. It speaks about communication differences between man and woman, communication barrires, which causes problems in families and it also speaks about developing sequences of family problems. Similarly, it pays attention to ethics perspective on communication problem in the family. It seeks possibilities for common solutions to these problems, highlighting ethics and communication as the ways of conflict prevention. Still, there are only the rules for proper management of communication and interpersonal problem solving. The purpose of this work is to contribute to understanding the process of communication in the family and realize the need for greater accountability in approach to issues of interpersonal communication.
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Strategic Analysis of an Enterprise TMT CZECH, a.s.
Sosnová, Pavla ; Dvořák, Jiří (advisor) ; Pevná, Jana (referee)
The thesis targets the elaboration of external and internal analyses of the company TMT CZECH. I stress out the trends in society and the precise survey of direct competitive surrounding in external analysis. I focus on the key factors that indicate conditions in the company and the quality of offered services. According to realized outcomes, I identify present company strategies, suggest the possible changes and evaluate the attainability of company's goals.
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Bioethic in the public discourse
ŠIMKOVÁ, Petra
From time to time there comes to a stirring up of a society-wide discussion on bioethical issues ? abortion, prenatal diagnosis, assisted reproduction and euthanasia in the Czech Republic. This social discussion is largely influenced by media which present to us interesting news or a story, but it is necessary to realize that these topics have a much broader scope and potential impacts than it is served up to us by media. A wide range of debaters as well as professional and lay public regularly express to bioethical issues relating to the beginning and the end of life. For a fruitful discussion it is necessary to clearly define and specify concepts, because often there is a misguided discussion without any expected results. In the past there was no need to deal with such issues very much, because the order was in hands of Nature. Not completely healthy individuals failed to conceive a child, an unwanted foetus was carried to term and its sex was a surprise for parents and finally, people died naturally according to their age or after a lost match with a disease. For many people Nature, for others some Higher Order. Of course, an incredible scientific development enabled such miracles of which we would have not dreamt hundred years ago yet. We have gained many rights, freedom and democracy as well as a wide-ranging choice. Today we can decide whether to become pregnant and in the same way we can decide that we get rid of the full womb from different reasons. Using diagnostic methods we can determine what a child we carry bellow the heart, but with the help of the same technique it can become uncomfortable for us. We can be treated and live even a century and in many places we can lawfully decide that our life has no meaning and we can finish it. The aim of the diploma thesis is to map readers´ awareness of bioethical issues using a secondary analysis of printed documents from three chosen Czech dailies in 2000 ? 2010 years. To track what triggered a debate among the readers, who discussed and what stance adopted the readers on the issue. The secondary objective was also the mapping of all proponents´ and opponents´ arguments of selected topics and comparing the results with the professional literature. The research shows that the public debate was always sparked by an event presented by the media, to which subsequently responded readers from all areas. According to the research results the public awareness of bioethical issues has been formed mostly by experts directly involved in bioethical dilemmas or carrying out such a profession, in which bioethics greatly interferes. Readers of diverse composition participated in the discussion and the most represented group was a group of experts and a group of lay debaters.
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Project Financing from EU Funds
Kovalčík, Martin ; Vymazal, Petr (referee) ; Heralecký, Tomáš (advisor)
Projects finance by funds of European Union deals about possibilities and assessment of investments to the projects which bring the benefit to public sector at the level regions, but also as whole for society. On this account can be financed from means of company of EU. The aim diploma thesis is finding factural prospectus in select sector and choose variants of realization. On the basis ascertained records these variants analyze and financially valorize. The thesis will be resolved reconstruction project memorable buildings in the city center Bohumín, thus create new spaces for public library facilities and training center for commercial and non-commercial nature.
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