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Recognition in the Investigation of Crime
Žáková, Lucie ; Čáp, David (referee) ; Štětovská, Iva (referee)
(in English): The thesis " Recognition in the investigation of crime" is studies the interaction and communication of criminal proceeding participants and its influence on the quality of those proceedings on recognition. The theoretical part deals with criminal proceedings such as all the trial requirements and factors which affect police investigation. Rights and responsibilities of all participants of trials are defined. Furthermore, communication, its types and categories and -most of all -its impact on successful police interrogation is examined. In conclusion of the theoretical part we describe the aspects which control the investigation and potential offender recognition. In the empirical part the aim was to find out what impact the quality of instructions has on successful offender recognition in simultaneous and combined format. The empirical part was performed in an experiment. The research participants were devided into categories according to chosen standards. Then they were presented with a video recording of a criminal offence followed by recognition. We targeted at discovering whether the instructions and the way they are given influence the results of recognition.
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Methods of investigation of sexual crimes (selected issues)
Burešová, Veronika ; Konrád, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
Cizojazyčné resumé The diploma thesis deals with the methods of investigation of sexual crimes. Because the topic is too broad I've decided to focus only on selected issues of methods of investigation of child sexual abuse. Investigation of child sexual abuse is very specific in comparison to other sexual crimes. During the investigation the child victim must be handled very sensitively in order to avoid secondary victimization. The purpose of this thesis is to describe the specifics of investigation of child sexual abuse and other problems connected with it. The thesis is divided into six chapters. The first chapter is dedicated to historical and current legal regulations of child sexual abuse. At the same time it describes occurrence of this crime in the area of the Czech Republic. The second chapter provides criminalistics characteristic of child sexual abuse. The chapter consists of three parts. The first one is dedicated to the typical ways of committing this crime with focus on cybergrooming. The second part describes different types of perpetrators and also specifics of female perpetrators. The third part deals with victims of crimes and it is focused on short-term and long-term consequences of child sexual abuse. I pay attention mostly to the issue of secondary victimization because I consider it as...
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Tactics to avoid false testimony
Machatová, Tereza ; Konrád, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
1 Die Kurzfassung Diese Diplomarbeit befasst sich mit der Taktik der Überwindung der erlogenen Aussage bei der Vernehmung. Sie konzertiert sich in diesem Kontext auf ein Paar Themen, die unmittelbar vernehmende sind. Besonders handelt es sich um die Vorbereitung und den Verlauf der Vernehmung. Die Diplomarbeit befasst sich auch mit den Personen, die die andere vernehmen, oder die vernehmen wird. Bei den vernehmenden Personen konzentriert sich die Diplomarbeit hauptsächlich auf die Beschuldigte und die Zeugen, bei denen ein hohes Risiko sein kann, dass sie mit einer potenziellen Motivation lügenhaft aussagen können. Das Ziel der Arbeit ist, den Querschnitt durch die bisherigen Erkenntnisse über die erlogene Aussage bei der Vernehmung zu machen. Besonders wenn es sich um die Indikatoren und die nachfolgende Methodik handelt, die eine Anleitung sein können, um eine erlogene Aussage bei den konkreten Typen der Menschen zu überwinden. Am Schluss der Arbeit wird es sich auch mit physischdetektiven Untersuchungen befasst. Ein Teil der Arbeit sind auch die Ergebnisse der gegenwärtigen polizeilichen Praxis.
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Specificity of interrogation of children
Bílková, Darina ; Čírtková, Ludmila (advisor) ; Konrád, Zdeněk (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with specificity in interrogation of children during the legal proceedings. This topic is not interesting just from the legal and criminalistic point of view, but also from the view of investigative practice. The aim of this work is to map in detail situation that deals with repeated examination of children under the age of fifteen in position of victim or witness. I mainly focused on child victim of sexual abuse, because child is the most vulnerable and it is essential to conduct the examination as sensitively as possible. However, the person who conducts the examination needs to get necessary information, because during these criminal acts child is often the only one who can provide testimony. The first chapter deals with legislation of children as witnesses. In the first part of the chapter I define the term child according to various legal sources. Secondly I deal with the legal point of view dealing with the topic of interrogation of child as a witness which is according to the Criminal Procedure Code. I evaluate it, suggest and justify possible modifications. The second chapter deals with issues related to the topic of interrogation of children mainly from the criminalistic and psychological point of view. I also describe development of children's psyche and its differences...
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Specificity of interrogation of children
Brandejská, Šárka ; Čírtková, Ludmila (advisor) ; Konrád, Zdeněk (referee)
Specificity of interrogation of children My Diploma Thesis deal with the particularities of children and adolescent interrogation. In thesis I discuss the examination of minors as witnesses, victims (aggrieved) and as the person against whom is initiated a procedure by the Law on Juvenile Justice and related regulations. The aim of this thesis is to point out to the process and forensic differences in the conduct of an examination of children and minors. Specific in the conduct of an examination respect psychological rarity of the stated interviewed group. In describtion of the differences of children and minors questioning I draw mainly from the professional literature. At the end of this thesis I have included the empirical research which deals with comparing of information gathered from professional publications with informations odtained by questionnaire survey. The first part describes the issue of examination criminal law, criminological perpective and from the perspective of forensic psychology. In this part is described the basic rules of examination in general which allows improved subsequent orientations for highlighting children and minors examination diferences. The second part deals with oddness of the children and minors examination in general. In the introduction I mentioned history of minor...
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Specificity of interrogation of children
Holečková, Martina ; Čírtková, Ludmila (advisor) ; Konrád, Zdeněk (referee)
My thesis is focused on the interrogation of children, who are in the position of victim or witness. Statement of a child as well as an adult may serve as the significant evidence within the criminal proceeding. During this challenging action, which the interrogation of child certainly is, many specificities and difficulties are involved. These specificities and difficulties distinguish an interrogation of a child from an interrogation of an adult. In the first part I described the term "interrogation", in particular general grounds of it. To reveal specificities and difficulties of the interrogation of children, it is necessary to become familiar with the interrogation in its traditional form. In the parts of my thesis, where I wrote about a child, it shall be considered that the term "child" has the meaning as stated in the Convention on the Rights of the Child, i.e. every human being under eighteen years of age. I consider the chapter dedicated to the assurance of any statement of child to be one of the fundamental chapters. In opposition to the past ages there is a major believe within the modern society that children are capable of giving as quality statement as adults. The second part is focused on a special regulation of interrogation, which is provided by certain sections of the Penal Order. Besides...
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The examination of witness in a criminal process
Smolková, Eva ; Musil, Jan (advisor) ; Konrád, Zdeněk (referee)
- The examination of witness in a criminal process According to the title of this final paper, it concerns the most important procedural technique under the criminal process - the examination of a witness. It is the most widespread criminalistic and criminal technique which is irreplaceable in the criminal process. The basic task is finding the facts of the case beyond a reasonable doubt. A witness, as a person who testifies to circumstances of an examined case which he remembered and kept in his memory, is one of the basic institutes of criminal law next to the examination. His testimony is very important in checking, investigation and clarifying crimes and other criminalistic relevant events, more precisely in the whole process of clarifying criminal activities. The master's degree thesis is divided into six chapters. The principal part of the thesis is formed by the second chapter to the fourth one. In the introduction the history of the examination, the goal and the structure of the paper are mentioned shortly. The first chapter contains the definition of examination and kinds of examination and creates the beginning of the whole thesis. The important part of the paper is devoted to a witness. A witness is a person who perceives with his senses facts which are important for finding the facts...
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The psychological aspects of change of attitudes - persuasion
Fajtlová, Zuzana ; Boukalová, Hedvika (advisor) ; Hnilica, Karel (referee)
This bachelor's thesis is focused on social psychological topic of attitude change through persuasion. It brings certain theoretical background of the topic with its key points and processes. Mainly it is the definition of persuasion, what are the subjects of persuasion, the main conditions, influences, goals and other variables, that step into the process. It is also trying to capture the most important mechanisms, that play role in the process of persuasion. In the whole text the practical implications are mentioned. In the applied part the attention is focused on the field of forensic psychology - mainly the criminal interviewing practice. The plan of empirical study also focuses on persuasion and its role and impact in criminal investigation. Keywords: attitude change, persuasion, false confessions, interrogation
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