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Membrane proteome of euglenid plastid
Vanclová, Anna ; Hampl, Vladimír (advisor) ; Füssy, Zoltán (referee)
Euglenophyta are monophyletic group of euglenids defined by presence of green, three membrane- bound plastid which has been aquired via secondary endosymbiosis with chlorophyte alga. Mechanism of transport of nuclear-encoded proteins into this plastid is not yet completely understood. It was observed that the proteins are transported to the outermost plastid membrane in vesicles passing through ER and Golgi, but the mechanism of their recognition and fusion with the target membrane remains unclear. Translocation system of inner two membranes is still completely unknown, regarding the situation in other plastids, it has been proposed that homologues of TOC and TIC complexes are present. In this work we analyzed sequence data from proteome of isolated plastid membranes of model organism Euglena gracilis and transcriptome of E. gracilis and its distant relative Eutreptiella gymnastica. We studied whether they contain proteins potentially involved in transport and homologues of proteins of transport systems known from plastids in other organisms (TOC/TIC, ERAD-like transport, SNARE). However, all our results are negative. It is hard to determine whether these findings indicate the possible absence of TOC and TIC complexes in euglenid plastid, or rather the insufficiency of our data. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Analysis og gene expression in prokaryotic and eukaryotic model organisms by proteomic gel-based separation tools
Petráčková, Denisa ; Weiser, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Nešvera, Jan (referee) ; Stulík, Jiří (referee)
This PhD thesis showed the applicability of a gel-based proteomic separation tool, 2-D electrophoresis in three independent projects. Supplemented with results obtained using different techniques the proteomic studies enabled a global imaging of proteoms in the studied biological systems. Comparing total proteoms of E. coli 61 protein changes were identified and connected with the development of the bacterial population in the presence of an antibiotic compound, erythromycin. This classic proteomic approach included sample extraction, optimization of its 2D separation followed by 2D gel analysis and protein identification by MS methods. A disadvantage of this work was an enourmously large amount of data to be analyzed by computer analysis. For the study of membrane proteom of B. subtilis during a pH induced stress, on the other hand, a modification of isolation techniques for membrane and membrane associated proteins was required first to improve the subsequent protein separation by 2-D electrophoresis. The optimalization of protein extraction included changes in detergents used for protein solubilization and a prolongation of time periods in the protein solubilization protocol. 5 relevant protein changes were then described that play a role in the bacterial response to pH stress. The proteins were...
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The role of evolutionarily conserved proteins BIR-1/Survivin and SKP-1 in the regulation of gene expression
Kostrouch, David ; Kostrouch, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Dráber, Pavel (referee) ; Pacák, Karel (referee)
SKIP and BIR/Survivin are evolutionarily conserved proteins. SKIP is a known transcription and splicing cofactor while BIR-1/Survivin regulates cell division, gene expression and development. Loss of function of C. elegans SKIP (SKP-1) and BIR-1 induces overlapping developmental phenotypes. In order to uncover the possible interactions of SKP-1 and BIR-1 on the protein level, we screened the complete C. elegans mRNA library using the yeast two-hybrid system. These experiments identified partially overlapping categories of proteins as SKP-1 and BIR-1 interactors. The interacting proteins included ribosomal proteins, transcription factors, translation factors and cytoskeletal and motor proteins suggesting involvement of the two studied proteins in multiple protein complexes. To visualize the effect of BIR-1 on the proteome of C. elegans we induced a short time pulse BIR-1 overexpression in synchronized L1 larvae. This led to a dramatic alteration of the whole proteome pattern indicating that BIR-1 alone has the capacity to alter the chromatographic profile of many target proteins including proteins found to be interactors in yeast two hybrid screens. The results were validated for ribosomal proteins RPS-3, RPL-5, non-muscle myosin and TAC-1, a transcription cofactor and a centrosome associated...
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Mathematical analysis in mass spectrometry
Vlachová Hutová, Eliška ; Adam, Vojtěch (referee) ; Valla, Martin (advisor)
In this bachelor work, there is theoretically described the principle of mass spectometry and tandem mass spectometry, usage the method in practices and description of functionality of separate analysers. Next, there is also mentioned the description of mass spectrum and the algorithm to its analysis. Practical part of the work describes the creation of analytic tool to evaluate spectrum and following usage of this programming tool for the practical analysis of flavonoid compounds, concretely isoflavonoid.
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