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Otakar Šourek (1883-1956) and his Music Critical Activities
Nová, Kateřina ; Gabrielová, Jarmila (advisor) ; Kachlík, Jan (referee)
The presented Master's thesis, titled "Otakar Šourek (1883-1956) - Music critic and writer", deals with Otakar Šourek, the author of the most extensive monograph on Antonín Dvořák to date. Šourek played a significant role in the musical life of the first Czechoslovak Republic (1918 - 1938). He worked for numerous music institutions and wrote music reviews, articles and studies for many journals and magazines, as well as books. On the basic of the description of Šourek's public work and his engagement in several music "scandals" in the first Czechoslovak Republic, the thesis strives to evaluate Šourek's position amid the musical life of the time and characterise him as a music critic. The thesis draws upon the study of source materials from Otakar Šourek's personal effects, deposited at the National Museum - Czech Museum of Music, and study of the period press. Key words: music criticism, music, music of the first half of the 20th century, the first Czechoslovak Republic, interwar period, Otakar Šourek
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Ordo Cisterciensis during the First Czechoslovak Republic. The transformations of Cistercian monasteries in Czechoslovakia in light of the reports for the General Chapter of the order
TALÍŘ, František
The thesis aims to depict the life of Cistercians during the First Czechoslovak Republic. To put it into context, the first chapter evaluates the situation of the Catholic Church as a whole, of which religious orders and congregations have been an inseparable part. During the First Czechoslovak Republic, Cistercian monasteries, which are discussed in the thesis, were united in the Congregation of the Most Pure Heart of Mary. The Congregation consisted of three abbeys in Czechoslovakia, two abbeys in Saxony, and a newly established priory in Denmark. The purpose of the thesis is to describe the material and personal conditions in the monasteries, the formation and structure of the congregation, and the daily life of monks. The thesis also seeks to answer the question if a male contemplative order, such as Cistercians, could have found its place in a democratic society of the First Republic. Reports written for chapters of the congregation as well as the whole order were used as the main source. In them, the superiors described not only the conditions and discipline in their monasteries, but also the activities of the monks and nuns among local inhabitants. The thesis is particularly focused on the Abbey of Vyšší Brod, which was located in an area inhabited predominantly by German-speaking population. The issue of coexistence of both nationalities and the role the monastery played in it is illustrated by drawing on the contemporaneous press.
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Impact of The Great Depression on Czechoslovak mechanical engineering in 20s and 30s of the 20th century
Herna, Marek ; Fabianková, Klára (advisor) ; Chalupecký, Petr (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the situation of Czechoslovak industry in the 20s and 30s of the 20th century, especially mechanical engineering. Emphasis is placed on the effects of the Great Depression and the related anti-crisis measures in the industry. I analysed the direct impact of the crisis on various engineering companies. The theoretical part is devoted to the theory of state intervention in the economy and the development of Czechoslovak industry in the 20s and 30s. The analytical part is dedicated to anti-crisis measures in the industry, analyzes the direct impact of the crisis on the industry and selected engineering companies. It also describes the strategy of companies during the crisis. The main goal of the research is to determine that the structure of Czechoslovak industrial production was before the crisis fairly outdated and new industries still fall short of major proportions. The economic crisis has led to changes in the industry structure and the growing importance of new industries. I confirmed the hypothesis that the anti-crisis policy of the government was not effective enough and the measures taken had a negative impact on corporate strategy.
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Structure and development of the Czechoslovak agriculture with regard to the specifics of the Czech lands, Slovakia and Carpathian Ruthenia in years 1918 - 1938
Bryknarová, Martina ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
The main target of this work is to summarize the development of Czechoslovakia between 1918 and 1939, describe its structure and compare countries by which Czechoslovakia was formed. The work is divided into three periods by political and economic developments and discusses the differences between the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Carpathian Ruthenia consequent from their different historical development. The first part will cover the period immediately after World War I until 1923, when the lend reform started. In the second period between 1924 and 1929 agriculture in Czechoslovakia was in the agrarian crisis. This period will include the land reform, agrarian duties and the financial and tax policies in favour of the bourgeoisie. The third part continues the 1930s and will describe the depression that followed the agrarian and grain crises and strongly influenced not only agriculture.
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Brown coal mining in the Carlsbad region in the interwar period
Somogyi, Tomáš ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Fabianková, Klára (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the situation of brown coal mining in the Carlsbad region between the years 1918 and 1938. The thesis is divided into a theoretical and an analytical part. The theoretical part describes the growing importance of mining and the development of brown coal mining before the formation of Czechoslovakia. The analytical part describes the largest mining companies and compares the region to the North Bohemian district. The thesis is based on the data from unpublished sources of company's archives and regional literature. The result of exploration is that in case of employment was the importance of mining comparable with the present. The level of production was 75% lower than in the North Bohemian basin. The evolution of productivity in the period between the world wars was caused by the sales crisis, the Great Depression and arms race in the late 40's of the 20th century.
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Border Disputes between Italy and Yugoslavia as one of the Problems of European International Politics after WW I
Škerlová, Jana
The paper is focused on the issue of a border dispute between the Kingdom of Italy and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenians (Kingdom of Yugoslavia) during the interwar period. This bilateral dispute had a number of causes and consequences, not only in domestic but also in international politics. This paper aims to map the development of Italian-Yugoslavian border dispute, to show how this dispute was influenced by the Great Powers and the Allies, and to analyze its impact on international policy in Europe in the period between the two world wars.
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Analysis of the production and export of the artillery weapons of the Skoda Works in the years 1918-1938
Pecková, Lenka ; Skřivan, Aleš (advisor) ; Johnson, Zdenka (referee)
This thesis deals with the analysis of the production and export of artillery weapons in interwar Czechoslovakia. Skoda become a major armory during the times of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy, and maintained its position even during the interwar period. During this period occured a series of political and economic events that affected arms production. It is therefore one of the main aims of this work to analyze their influence and impact on the production of artillery weapons in Pilsen. Production and export were often subject to political relations of Czechoslovakia. From an economic perspective, the paper focuses on the profitability of individual stores, both in terms of domestic and foreign orders. Can not ignore the more detailed analysis of the export of the artillery weapons and trade relations because export played important role for the company for most of the interwar period.
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Unemployment in the Great Britain in the twenties of the twentieth century
Havlíčková, Eliška ; Soběhart, Radek (advisor) ; Johnson, Zdenka (referee)
Presented bachelor essay focused on unemployment in Great Britain in era between world wars and is mainly targets on twentieth years of last century when phenomenon of massive unemployment was discovered. At issue is viewed in the context of creating so called "welfare state" in Great Britain. The main conclusions of the work are that mass unemployment is manifested the most markedly between years 1920-21, then took all the twenties and was created by combining several factors. These include the attitude of society to the unemployed, contact the First World War itself, not only Great Britain but also of world trade and wage rigidity. Finally had an impact on the unemployment, frequent changes of governments and the related sporadic adoption of laws that are devoted to the problem.
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Munich agreement and the Versailles system of international relations
Miňovská, Veronika ; Veselý, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Šauer, Jaroslav (referee)
The thesis deals with the Versailles arrangement of international relations since its establishment at the Paris Peace Conference, through its changes in 20s and 30s, until its final disappearance. I try to argue, in the thesis, that the system's setting served Hitler as a powerful political weapon in negotiations with the Western powers. I seek for deeper clarification of causes leading to the signature of the Munich Agreement and I am also concerned with the policy of appeasement and the system of collective security which failed several times in 30s. Additionally, the thesis has ambition to shed some light on the Sudeten problem, that had been misused in favour of Hitler due to a well-targetted imperial propaganda of uprecedented proportions. Finally, a part of the paper is also devoted to the rise of Nazism in Germany, the circumstances under which it flourished and its later consequences.
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