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Essays on Monetary Policy and Estimation of DSGE Models
Rychalovska, Yuliya ; Slobodyan, Sergey (advisor) ; Žák, Milan (referee) ; Hlédik, Tibor (referee)
The thesis is motivated by current practice of policy conduct implemented by many monetary institutions. In particular, a new operational framework, inflation targeting, has been introduced by the most advanced central banks. In addition, DSGE models became widely used for systematic evaluation of macroeconomic effects of monetary policy and forecasting. In the first chapter of the thesis, I assess possible risks and challenges of implementing inflation targeting strategy in more complicated, but at the same time more realistic, DSGE model economies. I focus on analysis of optimal monetary policy and welfare in a DSGE model of a small open economy with multiple domestic sectors, which have different structural characteristics. The findings suggest that openness to trade as well as sector-specific features do matter for monetary policy design thus generating important implications for optimal stabilization objectives and social welfare. The ranking of simple rules indicates that flexible CPI targeting regime is able to closely replicate the optimal solution and outperform the policy of domestic inflation stabilization. Finally, the sensitivity analysis demonstrates that the presence of sectoral asymmetries may alter the relative performance of alternative policy rules. The second part of the thesis...
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Stavový model dopravního mikroregionu
Dohnal, Pavel
The papers deals with an application od Bayes for estimationof the queue lenth in junction arm. This model splits controlled networks into microregions. The queue length and the occupancy of each junction approach are the bacis state quantities for fully expressed traffic situation at given time instant. The optimization criterion for this attitude is minimalization of the queue length. For clearness, the model is derived for simple junction.
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Asset pricing models
Tuček, Jan ; Pošta, Vít (advisor) ; Scholleová, Hana (referee)
Diploma thesis deals with models of asset pricing. We investigated in detail three classical models: binomial, Black-Scholes and Merton model. These models are widely used to date, although they were first published a few decades ago. It is because they are relatively simple and easy-to-use. The models were originally derived for option pricing however they can be used for the wide range of financial instruments. The theoretical part of the thesis includes an introduction to options and models derivation. The practical part consists of the sensitivity analyst and empirical test of the models. S&P 500 index options data were used for this purpose. The result is that Merton model seems to be the most accurate.
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The contribution of myocardial contrast echocardiography in patients with coronary heart disease
Toušek, Petr ; Gregor, Pavel (advisor) ; Chaloupka, Václav (referee) ; Hradec, Jaromír (referee) ; Kittnar, Otomar (referee)
Contrast echocardiography is a new myocardial echocardiographic method that extends the capabilities of conventional echocardiography. In our first two works, we focused on determining the size of infarction in patients after AMI and compared this method with today's most commonly used diagnostic methods. We found good agreement between KEM and SPECT in the evaluation of infarction size and correlation between the extent of oscillations Q on ECG and impaired microvascular perfusion of the myocardium - or the size of infarction. In patients with chronic forms of CHD, we found that the KEM can fairly well predict the kinetics porevaskularizační improvement segments with severely impaired kinetics and in this clinical situation is comparable with Contrast-magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, low variability and low number of investigative areas nehodnotitelných infarction KEM show that it is a simple, easily reproducible and teachable method. Finally, the relatively low cost and wide availability KEM indicate great potential usefulness of this method in clinical practice.
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Immortality and the Intermediate State of the Soul at Present Eschatology in the German Language Area
Kolář, Ondřej ; Štefan, Jan (advisor) ; Macek, Petr (referee) ; Ventura, Václav (referee)
The dissertation deals with a theme which in the final decades of the last century became the subject of many controversies, and which still today - perhaps together with the question of "salvation for all" - remains one of the most important and most widely-discussed issues in Christian eschatology. In comparison with the many serious questions with which contemporary theology is concerned, it may easily appear marginal or secondary, belonging to the sphere of ideas and speculation rather than the field of serious theological reflection. In fact, however, the question of the existence of human beings immediately after death - if it is not dismissed at once with a reference to allegedly "sober" and simple biblical testimonies or basic Christian confessions of faith - is one where basic theological viewpoints are confronted with positions that were adopted in eschatology and earlier dogmatic treatises. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Linguistic analysis of Petr Nikl's works
Sigmundová, Alena ; Palkosková, Olga (advisor) ; Janovec, Ladislav (referee)
The content of this paper is a linguistic analysis of Petr Nikl's texts. Petr Nikl is an all-round artist. His main activity is graphic arts; he is also engaged in the Puppet Theater, he sings with a music group Lakomé Barky and writes children books. The aim of this study is to determine if the author respects the child perspective in his works. Especially if he uses only such language elements, that are appropriate for children. After a thorough analysis of all Nikl's books (Pohádka o Rybitince (2001), O Rybabě a Mořské duši (2002), Lingvistické pohádky (2006), Záhádky (2007), Jělěňovití (2008) a Niklův Blázníček (2009), I concluded that the author respects only some elements of the perspective of a child. The syntactic structure of the text is uncomplicated and therefore children appropriate. From the lexical point of view the situation is not so clear. The author uses simple metaphors, similes, uses words that mostly originate from the national origin, and often uses emotive words. On the other hand, uncommon and literary words and complicated poetic neologisms, that most children cannot know, occur in his texts quite frequently. From the morphological point of view I do not find any significant obstacles, so that children could not read and enjoy his works. But these obstacles can occur on the...
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Re-Identification of Vehicles by License Plate Recognition
Špaňhel, Jakub ; Juránková, Markéta (referee) ; Herout, Adam (advisor)
This thesis aims at proposing vehicle license plate detection and recognition algorithms, suitable for vehicle re-identification. Simple urban traffic analysis system is also proposed. Multiple stages of this system was developed and tested. Specifically - vehicle detection, license plate detection and recognition. Vehicle detection is based on background substraction method, which results in an average hit rate of ~92%. License plate detection is done by cascade classifiers and achieves an average hit rate of 81.92% and precision rate of 94.42%. License plate recognition based on Template matching results in an average precission rate of 60.55%. Therefore the new license plate recognition method based on license plate scanning using the sliding window principle and neural network recognition was introduced. Neural network achieves a precision rate of 64.47% for five input features. Low precision rate of neural network is caused by small amount of training sample for some specific license plate characters.
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Warehouse Hall with Outbuilding
Honeš, Filip ; Ing. Milan Šmak, Ph.D (referee) ; Bajer, Miroslav (advisor)
Task of bachelor thesis deals with design of steel supporting structure at warehouse hall with outbuilding, which is situated in Kopřivnice. The hall is 18,0 m and extension is 6,0 m wide. Total hall´s lengh is 54,0 m. The main supporting elements are diagonal links, made from plain solid frame from rolled profiles with joint bearing on column base. Purlins are also proposed from plane solid profiles. The calculation has been done in Scia Engineer 2010 program and by hand calculation.
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Gas Microsensors Based on Self-Organized 3D Metal-Oxide Nanofilms
Pytlíček, Zdeněk ; Husák, Miroslav (referee) ; Kolařík, Vladimír (referee) ; Prášek, Jan (advisor)
This dissertation concerns the development, fabrication and integration in a gas sensing microdevice of a novel 3-dimensional (3D) nanostructured metal-oxide semiconducting film that effectively merges the benefits of inorganic nanomaterials with the simplicity offered by non-lithographic electrochemistry-based preparation techniques. The film is synthesized via the porous-anodic-alumina-assisted anodizing of an Al/Nb metal bilayer sputter-deposited on a SiO2/Si substrate and is basically composed of a 200 nm thick NbO2 layer holding an array of upright-standing spatially separated Nb2O5 nanocolumns, being 50 nm wide, up to 900 nm long and of 8109 cm2 population density. The nanocolumns work as semiconducting nano-channels, whose resistivity is greatly impacted by the surface and interface reactions. Either Pt or Au patterned electrodes are prepared on the top of the nanocolumn array using an innovative sensor design realized by means of microfabrication technology or via a direct original point electrodeposition technique, followed by selective dissolution of the alumina overlayer. For gas-sensing tests the film is mounted on a standard TO-8 package using the wire-bonding technique. Electrical characterization of the 3D niobium-oxide nanofilm reveals asymmetric electron transport properties due to a Schottky barrier that forms at the Au/Nb2O5 or Pt/Nb2O5 interface. Effects of the active film morphology, structure and composition on the electrical and gas-sensing performance focusing on sensitivity, selectivity, detection limits and response/recovery rates are explored in experimental detection of hydrogen gas and ammonia. The fast and intensive response to H2 confirms the potential of the 3D niobium-oxide nanofilm as highly appropriate active layer for sensing application. A computer-aided microfluidics simulation of gas diffusion in the 3D nanofilm predicts a possibility to substantially improve the gas-sensing performance through the formation of a perforated top electrode, optimizing the film morphology, altering the crystal structure and by introducing certain innovations in the electrode design. Preliminary experiments show that a 3D nanofilm synthesized from an alternative Al/W metal bilayer is another promising candidate for advanced sensor applications. The techniques and materials employed in this work are advantageous for developing technically simple, cost-effective and environmentally friendly solutions for practical micro- and nanodevices, where the well-defined nano-channels for charge carriers and surface reactions may bring unprecedented benefits.
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