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Belief in the Internet and Critical Thinking
Krejčí, Aleš
The present-day young generation routinely use the Internet as readily available source of facts, entertainment and communication. Everyday life creates a belief in the acquired information, its freshness and quality. Comfortable working with keywords and search engines further strengthens this belief, although the information may be outdated and the sources questionable. The blind faith in the Internet infected some university students, even in higher classes, where we should expect and require a significant degree of analytical thinking and critical approach. The more it applies to marketing communication students who need to acquire much deeper insight at the forms and mechanisms of media and information environment. The author shows by the results his research that even among students of this branch the situation is far from ideal. Lecturers need to educate independently and critically thinking graduates, whether the development of information technologies will bring anything.
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Formation of spatio-temporal molecular gradients in early embryonic development of Xenopus laevis.
Šídová, Monika ; Tlapáková, Tereza (advisor) ; Pěknicová, Jana (referee) ; Petr, Jaroslav (referee)
Clarifying the underlying spatio-temporal mechanisms that determine body pattern is important for detailed understanding of embryonic development. A crucial question of vertebrate embryogenesis remains: when and how are single blastomeres determined for differentiation that subsequently leads to body axes specification and the formation of different tissues and organs? The answer to this question will be beneficial for primary research as well as in the field of applied medicine. The main aim of the presented thesis was to study spatio-temporal molecular gradients of cell fate determinants during early embryonic development. The African clawed frog Xenopus laevis was used as a model organism because of their large size of oocytes and external embryonic development. Due to late activation of embryonic transcription, a crucial mechanism of early blastomeres determination is dependent on asymmetric localization of maternal factors within oocyte and their uneven distribution into single blastomeres during early cell division. Two main localization patterns were identified along the animal-vegetal axis of the mature Xenopus oocyte using qPCR tomography. The localization gradient with preference in either animal or vegetal hemisphere was found for maternal mRNA as well as miRNAs. Moreover, two vegetal...
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Studium atmosfér Be hvězd
Sokolovičová, Júlia ; Kubát, Jiří (advisor) ; Mayer, Pavel (referee)
Be stars are a group of hot, massive, emission-line stars characterized by intense radiatively-driven stellar wind and extremely rapid rotation. The typical emission in the Balmer series arises in a thin equatorial disc around the star. The detailed structure and most of all origin of the disc are still unknown. The aim of this thesis is to give a thorough review of the main directions of research into the eld. We describe observational features that set Be stars apart from the rest of the B spectral class: Balmer emission, linear polarization, infrared excess and superionized resonance lines in the far UV range; also main physical characteristics of the underlying star, and variability. We discuss the so-called Be phenomenon - the unknown mechanism creating the emission-producing circumstellar disc in Be stars, and providine an overview of the most successful models attempting to explain the Be phenomenon. Finally we discuss the rotation law of the disc and its importance in placing a physical constraint on possible models for Be stars, and apply one of the examined rotation parameter nding methods.
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Transfer of personal data abroad
Jeřábková, Helena ; Boháček, Martin (advisor) ; Wimrová, Hana (referee)
The purpose of the work is to evaluate the stage of development of the rules for tranfer of personal data for the European union to the third countries. First it gives necessary information regarding the protection of personal data in general including the key terms, basic principles and also the legal framework. The second part explains the legal mechanism of tranfer of personal data from EU abroad with the use of the term "adequate protection." Possible methods of such tranfer which are in compliance with the requirement of provision of the adequate protection to the protection ensured in the European Union are given. The third part concentrates on the development of the negotiations between the United States and the European Union about the transfer of personal data of air passengers and resulting legal arrangement. The work also describes current trends and provides possible future development of this sphere.
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Thermogenesis in relation to body exercise
Smutný, Michal ; Radvanský, Jiří (advisor) ; Procházka, Michal (referee)
Thermogenesis is an essential component of human body energy expenditure. It is a part of all metabolic processes. Physical exertion poses a challenge to the thermoregulatory mechanisms by increase of metabolic heat production. The ability of compensation increasing body core temperature (Tc) can be observed by measuring body temperature. Body core temperature measurement can help trainers and doctors to prevent injuries and performance lost. This review provides the reader with the view on the current methods used for measuring increasing Tc during physical aktivity. Also discuss about the human thermoregulation and it's observing by measuring body temperature. The aim of this work is also to describe influence of the technologies and development on the approach in body core temperature measurement.
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The Mechanism of Pathogenesis of Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis and Possilbilities of Their Regulation
Klímová, Aneta ; Heissigerová, Jarmila (advisor) ; Pitrová, Šárka (referee) ; Holáň, Vladimír (referee)
Introduction:Uveitis in an ocular inflammation affecting mostly people of working age. Uveitis is responsible for severe visual impairment despite of expanding new therapeutics. The animal models of uveitis were established, because the wide clinical variability of uveitis limits the studies in human medicine. The goal our project was to establish a reproducible model of experimental autoimmune uveitis in Czech Republic, and further on this model to observe the frequency of CD3+ and F4/80+ cells in retina, to assess the influence of microbial environment on intensity of intraocular inflammation and to test the therapeutical possibilities. Material and methods: The C57BL/6J mice were immunized by retinal antigen (IRBP 1-20, interphotoreceptor retinoid binding protein), enhanced by complete Freund's adjuvant and pertussis toxin and mild posterior autoimmune uveitis was induced. The mice were bred in conventional and germ-free (gnotobiotic) conditions. The uveitis intensity was evaluated in vivo biomicroscopically and post mortem histologically on hematoxylin eosin stained sections according to the standard protocol. The histological eye specimen were analyzed also by imunohistochemisty and by flow cytometry. Each experiment was performed for 35 days. The conventional mice with uveitis were treated...
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Transport of proteins into secondary plastids
Vanclová, Anna ; Hampl, Vladimír (advisor) ; Doležal, Pavel (referee)
Secondary plastids can be found in many unrelated groups of organisms among three supergroups - Excavata, Rhizaria and Chromista. Primary plastids in contrast are unique and defining feature of the Archaeplastida supergroup. Secondary plastids have arisen through several independent endosymbiotic events, in which engulfment of an eukaryotic cell containing primary plastid occured and its reduction and integration by transfering bulk of their genome into host nucleus occured. Crucial difference between primary and secondary plastids is number of surrounding membranes which need to be crossed by nucleus-encoded proteins which is higher in secondary plastids. Mechanisms of protein transport into secondary plastids are therefore more complicated and more molecules and signals partake in these mechanisms. Diversity of secondary plastid-bearing organisms notably contrasts with the fact that the transport pathways and molecules they use often share mechanism of function and origin. These similarities probably reflect general principles of cell biology and not phylogeny.
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Corporate governance and its association with audit quality
Dudová, Tereza ; Králíček, Vladimír (advisor) ; Müllerová, Libuše (referee)
The Thesis is focused on the concepts of audit committee and audit quality, which are the basic control mechanisms for the quality of financial statements. The Thesis first presents the reasons and conditions for the appointment of audit committee, then follows with the legal rules applicable for mandatory audit of financial statements and presents some common definitions and measures of audit quality. Next, the new regulation for mandatory audit in the European Union is presented. The practical part of the Thesis starts with an analysis of the annual reports of the companies that are a part of CZECH TOP 100 for the year 2014. The analysis is focused on auditor choice, audit fees, public interest entities and their obligation to appoint an audit committee. The next part contains an empirical analysis of the association between audit committee existence, auditor choice and audit quality, which is defined as the quality of reported earnings.
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Optimalizace parametrů úlohy s rázovým zatížením v programu LS-DYNA
ŠTANGL, Jiří
Master's thesis focuses on numerical modeling of automotive tasks. The text is divided into two main parts. A fuel supply module is the main topic of all numeric analyses of this thesis and it is introduced in the first part. Basics of theoretical continuum mechanics and finite elements method are also explained in the first part. The second part is split into two main topics of the fuel supply module - material damping and contact numerical modeling. Practical reasons for parameter optimization are explained along with particular optimization results and underlying theoretical background.
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