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Succession after reintroduction of grazing in dry grasslands
Fulínová, Martina ; Hadincová, Věroslava (referee) ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor)
Grazing management is very popular nowadays and number of sites with grazing animals with the aim of restoring the sites is steadily growing. All the effects of grazing on grazed grasslands are not elucidated yet. This thesis focused mainly on the contribution of zoochory to restoration of species rich grasslands on stands cleared from Robinia pseudoacacia and stands cleared from Prunus spinosa brushwood. For the purpose of monitoring changes in vegetation, permanent plots have been established. In order to identify sources of new species occurring in permanent plots, inventory of species growing in neighbourhood of the permanent plots has been done, samples of soil seed bank, sheep buttons and seeds from sheep wool have been germinated in a greenhouse. Monitoring of permanent plots showed reduced regrowth of R. pseudoacacia and P. spinosa. We have also found that greater changes in species composition occurred in more degraded stands than in stands better-preserved. Germinating experiments proved soil seed bank being mainly the image of aboveground vegetation with minor importance to restoration of species rich grasslands. On the other hand sheep seem to be of great use for dispersal of seeds both by epizoochory and endozoochory when walking between different stands. This finding is of great importance for...
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Searching for the place of man in the universe in the work of Emanuel Rádl and Milan Machovec
Nezbeda, Tomáš ; Čapek, Jakub (referee) ; Kohák, Erazim (advisor)
This paper tries to search for the place of a man in the universe. For this purpose, the author decided to compare some of the key works of two major Czech philosophers, namely Emanuel Rádl and Milan Machovec. This paper is intended to offer the int roduction to the work of these two philosophers and/or to two philosophical t rends in the modern Czech philosophy. The fi rst chapter deals with methods of the philosophical work of both authors. It also describes the basic points of their questioning, as wel l as intentions they wished to achieve through this questioning. The second chapter focuses on the place of a man in the universe as perceived by Emanuel Rádl; the thi rd chapter analyses the same theme as presented in the work of Milan Machovec. The purpose of the fourth chapter is to present comparison of the main thoughts of the two preceding chapters, and to come to the intentions of this paper indicated above. This theme inter alia offers not only the insight into the contemporary Czech philosophy, but also the insight into the issues of the present life of a man and the society.
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EU and the Kyoto Protocol: EU Cumate Policy in the Context of World-Wide Activities
Kroupová, Sylvie ; Rovná, Lenka (advisor) ; Weiss, Tomáš (referee)
EU AND THE KYOTO PROTOCOL: EU climate policy in the context of world-wide activities This thesis discusses the role of the European Union in the process of international negotiations on the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework convention on Climate Change, which sets the targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the ratifying countries. With these negotiations the world-wide climate policy was launched. The EU introduced itself as the world leader on the field of promoting high targets and a maximum range of domestic actions. In the international negotiation process, which was in run since 1992, EU had to urge other major emitters of greenhouse gases, above all the United States and Russia, on ratifying the Kyoto protocol. After the US had declined the Protocol, the EU put a great effort in bringing Russia to ratification of the Protocol so that it could enter into force. The EU was also the main initiator of further discussions on climate change strategy in the post-Kyoto period since 2012. As the process of the Protocol's ratification took almost six years, the EU has started its own climate policy with the aim of fulfilling its Kyoto targets. The examination of the EU climate policy domestic actions is the second and the main target of this thesis. In the conclusion I have discussed the...
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Stability studies of monoclonal antibody nimotuzumab modified with chelator DTPA radiolabelled with lutetium-177 ([177Lu]Lu-hR3(p-SCN-Bn)DTPA)
Korec, David ; Kubíček, Vladimír (referee) ; Lázníčková, Alice (advisor)
Stability studies of monoclonal antibody nimotuzumab modified with chelator DTPA radiolabelled with lutetium-177 ([177Lu]Lu-hR3(p-SCN-Bn)DTPA) Diploma thesis David Korec Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biophysics and Physical Chemistry In this work was target to study the stability of monoclonal antibody Nimotuzumab, which was modified with chelator DTPA radiolabelled with radioactive Lutetium-177 ([177Lu] Lu-hR3 (p- SCN-Bn) DTPA). The radiochemical purity of the supplied antibody was 61%. For other uses had to purified. The chelator EDTA adds in addition for the labeled antibody. It has lower stability constant than the original chelating agent. He can catch the free ligand, which is excreted through the kidneys. For biodistribution studies is needed to ensure the highest purity that was well described by the distribution of radiopharmaceuticals in small bodies. Purification was used for gel permeation chromatography Sephadex. Purity was about 99%. HPLC analysis after one hour showed a small percentage of low molecular weight forms. It may be modified ligand with radionuclide or free radionuclide. At times long after purification the HPLC profile of low molecular weight fraction appeared in two peaks. They are therefore both options possible. The...
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The Theme of Death in Middle Eastern Literary Sources
Ryšavá, Erika ; Holubová, Markéta (referee) ; Nosek, Bedřich (advisor)
This work has led us to the Middle East in the period, when the ideas that later influenced whole European culture, were formed. One of the goals was to show us the situation the Old Testament was formed in. The other goal was to prove the level of influence caused to it by I was interested in a problem of Nation in need of its own identity that was necessary for it to survive. Later canonised thesis, medieval society adored, were just consequences of this process. Different ways in burying corpses, differences in acceptance of either death and life, various imaginations of after-life and evaluation of life on the other side. Other important cultic matter beside the death was taken into account. Not only because of better understanding of that period. Also for an understanding of hu man life in social structure. Clear explanation of how 'Israel' had fought to maintain its own dedication, such different from the rest of the world. On the other hand I admit that I was not successful in transition this theme to the present time.
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Optimization of small farmers production in Georgia
Zimuto, Welcome ; Mazancová, Jana (advisor) ; Rydval, Jan (referee)
Agricultural cooperatives play an important role in supporting small agricultural producers and marginalized groups such as young people and women. They empower their members economically and socially and create sustainable rural employment through business models that are resilient to economic and environmental shocks. Agriculture optimization ensures that cooperatives achieve economic and farm household goals as efficiently as possible in the face of competing constraints of physical, environmental, legal or socio-cultural nature. In this study linear programming technique was used to model alternative profit maximization strategies for 2 cooperatives in Imereti while at the same time utilizing their resource capacities. Questionnaires were used to collect the variable data which were used to formulate scenarios for the model .The model scenario was determined by the crop allocation pattern and net profit returns for each scenario. Results show that Dovlati cooperative farmers can save up to 60,000 GEL, while Kvitiri cooperative can save up to 20,000 GEL if they follow the strategy highlighted in scenario 3 which in this study was taken as the model scenario. In our scenarios the model had its land bounds going to the upper level and this strongly illustrated that farmers have are using more resources on smaller land pieces . However our recommended model shows that optimal profit reduced as the model progressed from scenario 1 to 3. Kvitiri cooperative is best suited for immediate adoption and application of our model since farmers already cooperate on both production and marketing. The model presents Dovlati with an opportunity to maximize their profit margin if the farmers cooperate both on production and marketing .
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Analysis of role of the EU outermost regions within their country and within their development funding from EU Structural funds
Vaculík, Jan ; Pělucha, Martin (advisor) ; Kouřilová, Jana (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to identify basic characteristics related to position of the outermost regions of the member states of the EU within EU development policies. These regions are evaluated from the point of view including allocated funding within Structural Funds (SF) and European Structural and Investments Funds during the programming periods of 2000-2006, 2007-2013, and 2014-2020, content of the operational programmes, and basic economic indicators. The outermost regions shows lower values of GDP per capita than European regions of the same country while showing higher allocated funding per capita than the European regions of the same country. The outermost regions also shows constantly growing GDP per capita at least from 2000 while the SF and ESIF allocated funding for the regions decreases. These findings are predictable. Interesting finding is that while the regional GDP of the outermost regions increases investments efforts do not shift towards soft projects. The investments efforts show steadily hard project implementation activities and increasing ratio of environmental projects, which are mostly hard projects. This finding creates space for improving concept of more developed regions focusing of soft projects and less developed regions focusing on hard projects.
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Application of energetic policy of EU in Czech republic - Photovoltaic plants
Nešpor, Jakub ; Vostrovská, Zdenka (advisor) ; Maule, Petr (referee)
Support for photovoltaic plants that originated before 2014, as well as support for renewable energy in general, artificially increases the price of energy and this measure has secondary effects in the form of rising prices of farmland and thus food. The regulation also creates distortions, for example on coal markets, which reduces the demand for this commodity. This thesis deals with the introduction of regulation and analysis of the motivation for the introduction of quotas in the energy policy of the European Union. Subsequent analysis evaluates the intended and unintended effects of regulation, which are not visible at first sight on this issue. The European Commission has so far not planned reassessment of policy support for renewable energy sources.
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Spectrofluorimetric assay for activities of aldo/keto reductases
Zavřelová, Iva ; Skálová, Lenka (advisor) ; Kubíček, Vladimír (referee)
The aldo-keto reductases (AKRs) are one of the three enzyme superfamilies that perform oxidoreduction on a wide variety of natural and foreign substrates. It's possible to specify their activity spectrofotometrically, but this method isn't selective and specific enough. On the base of fact, that all AKRs are dependent on nicotinamide cofactors for catalysis, whose reduced form has fluorescence properties, in contrast to oxide form, there is one possibility - application spectrofluorimetry - we can determine AKR with the aid of continuous monitoring of NADPH/NADP+ transformation. This project deals with conditions of optimisation of spectrofluorimetry determination of acenaphthenol dehydrogenase in subcellular fractions (cytosol and microsomes) from rat liver homogenate and in cytosol of MCF-7 cell line. Obtained results proved that spectrofluorimetry can be use as a perspective method for acenaphthenol dehydrogenase activity determination. The selectivity, sensibility and easy implementation represent the advantages of this method. Further optimisation using other substrates and inhibitors will be necessary. The risk of microsomes interference in cytosolic enzyme preparation should be taken into account.
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Development of problems in contemporary cities in South America * City of La Paz
Valdez Jarandilla, Fernando Hugo ; Kyselka, Mojmír (referee) ; Zezůlková, Marie (referee) ; Havliš, Karel (referee) ; Wittmann, Maxmilian (advisor)
Předkládaná dizertační práce je rozdělena do dvou samostatných literárních celků, z nichž první představuje komparativní analýzu měst Latinské Ameriky a druhý se koncentruje na úspěšný případ plánování rozvoje města Curitiba. S ohledem na lepší pochopení problémů, se kterými se města Latinské Ameriky potýkají, a zejména porozumění specifikům města La Paz, které je hlavním předmětem této analýzy, je nutné na problematiku nahlížet v historickém kontextu současného urbanismu. Zde nalezneme některé odpovědi na otázky původu problémů městského plánování. Nahlížení v rámci historického kontextu také poskytne základní směrnice vývoje měst Latinské Ameriky. Z výše uvedených důvodů je pro potřeby dizertační práce klíčové zkoumat tyto aspekty historie urbanismu, neboť zde nalezneme původ současné podoby latinskoamerických měst a jejich městského plánování. V další části práce je kladen důraz na analýzu případu brazilského města Curitiba, na kterém lze úspěšně zkoumat případné uplatnění principů strategického plánování zaměřeného na udržitelnost města. Curitiba se, stejně jako další latinskoamerická města, potýkala od poloviny do konce 20. století s překotným růstem, dopravními zácpami a snižováním kvality života. Městu se nicméně podařilo tyto výzvy překonat kreativními řešeními v kontextu udržitelného rozvoje. Cílem předkládané práce je definovat principy řešení na základě úspěšné urbanistické zkušenosti města Curitiba a aplikovat je na další města Latinské Ameriky, konkrétně na La Paz. Abychom mohli v rámci práce prezentovat návrhy řešení reálným problémům, se kterými se v současnosti La Paz potýká, je potřeba nejprve důkladně porozumět procesům urbanismu, které z historického hlediska toto město utvářely a transformovaly, a následně předložit analýzu, zda myšlenky a zkušenosti případu města Curitiba lze úspěšně aplikovat na město La Paz.
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