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Dactylography - History, Present and Future
Jelínek, Milan ; Konrád, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Krupička, Jiří (referee)
Dactylography - History, Present and Future This thesis introduces one of the most important identification methods - dactylography (or dactyloscopy), e.g. the method based on analysis and classification of patterns of friction ridges (especially fingerprints). This thesis consists of three main chapters considering its name. The first chapter describes interesting history of this method from first discoveries, through various breakthroughs, to reaching the status of forensic evidence. This chapter mainly focuses on individual pioneers on the field of dactylography, but tells as well the story of Czechoslovak dactylography and reminds cases, that were very close to prove this method wrong at its fragile beginning. The second chapter focuses on the present of dactylography. This chapter starts with three basic laws of dactylography, but the essence of it lies in the term "dactyloscopic evidence". The methods of revelation, analysis and preservation of dactyloscopic evidence are described here as well as their comparison. If it comes to analysis, I am trying to compare two approaches used today (holistic and numerical) and offer my opinion which one is better. Also, I am trying to answer the question, if it is possible to tell how old the dactyloscopic evidence is. The third and the last chapter...
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Concept and nature of fingerprinting
Šetelíková, Alice ; Štourač, Petr (advisor) ; Konrád, Zdeněk (referee)
Concept and nature of dactyloscopy The aim of the thesis is to provide a comprehensive view on the issue of dactyloscopy. Especially, to introduce readers about dactyloscopy and institutes related to this method. The thesis is systematically divided into several chapters. The thesis is complemented by visual and textual appendices for the better and easier understanding of the various institutes. The introduction contains basic information about dactyloscopy and the outline of what the thesis will contain. Chapter One deals with the subject, concept and importance of the dactyloscopy. Chapter Two is divided into two parts. The first subchapter concerns the historical development of forensic dactyloscopy in the world. First of all, there are described the beginnings of knowledge of fingerprints and then personalities and their influence on the development of the dactyloscopy. As an example of these significant personalities, William James Herschel, Henry Faulds or Juan Vucetich can be cited. The second subchapter is focused on the development of the dactyloscopy in the territory of the Czech countries. In particular, the place is given for Jan Evangelista Purkyně well known as a pioneer in the area of papilary ridges. Because it was him who as the first described and classified the papilary ridges....
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Fingerprint biometry
Kubica, Roman ; Jiřík, Radovan (referee) ; Fedra, Petr (advisor)
The first part of this thesis deals with principles of evaluation biometric methods of scanning fingerprint images. Classification and description of single methods, separated into groups depending on the algorithm of comparison of template and image from database are included. In the next part is thesis focused on evaluation based on the success of experimental results and description of available databases. The main purpose of this thesis is creation of computer program for identification of fingerprint image in the programming interface MATLAB®. Realized identification algorithm is based on computing of Poincare index and extraction of singular points and minutiae. Performance of the program is tested on generated database and evaluated by index FAR and FRR.
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Detection of Interrupted Friction Ridges of a Fingerprint and Their Reconstruction
Cejpek, Tomáš ; Dvořák, Radim (referee) ; Stružka, Jaroslav (advisor)
This Bachelor thesis describes creating application with graphical user interface for editing a fingerprint ridges. They are interrupted due to dry fingerprint. The proposed algorithm uses Gabor filter for editing fingerprint ridges. He is implemented in C++ and uses a library aimed at work with images OpenCV and Qt application for creating graphical user interface. The thesis is also about testing and evaluating the results of a proposed algorithm for editing fingerprint ridges.
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3D Fingerprint Model Creation
Pavlík, David ; Váňa, Jan (referee) ; Dluhoš, Ondřej (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with acquiring fingerpints, basics of processing fingerprints at biometric systems and 3D model creation techniques. Main aim of this thesis is graphical application that uses fingerprint acquired with 2D fingerprint scanner and then creates 3D model of it. Application does not take curvature of finger into consideration but tries to reproduce height of papillary ridges. It's code is written in C++ with use of cross-platform user interface framework Qt. Besides 3D model creation it allows user to choose accuracy of this model and to export it in two different file formats. Possible use of this application is on the field of fingerprint liveness detection based on sweat pores. Application was tested on 50 real fingerprints and also on two different types of artifical fingerprints.
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Detection of Papillary Line Width by Fingerprints
Homola, Antonín ; Drahanský, Martin (referee) ; Lodrová, Dana (advisor)
This work outlines a method of detection of the papillary line width in fingerprints. This method is one of the possible methods of liveness detection. The first part of the work with deals defining of the fingerprint, attacks on today's systems and possibilities to improve security. The next section detection describes of the papillary line width. During the process of resolving, the first thing to do was to start operation of the scanning device and to read the database for tests and experiments. An independent application was created on this purpose. Further, there were projected methods for detection and measuring of the papillary line width. Use of the Canny edge detector with the Sobel operator and the Gaussian filter proved the best. Then, there is described implementation of individual methods. The next part of the work describes and assesses the results of the tests. The last chapter summarizes the work and proposes further possibilities of development.
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Fingerprints Generator
Chaloupka, Radek ; Orság, Filip (referee) ; Drahanský, Martin (advisor)
Algorithms for fingerprints recognition are already known for long time and there is also an effort for their best optimization. This master's thesis is dealing with an opposite approach, where the fingerprints are not being recognized, but are generated on the minutiae position basis. Such algorithm is then free of the minutiae detection from image and enhancements of fingerprints. Results of this work are the synthetic images generated according to few given parameters, especially minutiae.
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Fingerprint biometry
Smékal, Ondřej ; Drahanský, Martin (referee) ; Fedra, Petr (advisor)
Algorithms designed for identification and verification persons by fingerprints recognition are spread and used as in forensics aplications as in private sector for a long time. The aim of this thesis is to make us aquainted with various aplicated mathematic models of fingerprint processing in digital way. Second task is the presentation algorithmic solution of chosen subject identification procedure by force of Fingerprint matching. Algorithm is solid in the development environment platform Matlab.
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Realization of fingerprint scanner
Kovář, Martin ; Sekora, Jiří (referee) ; Mézl, Martin (advisor)
This master’s thesis deals with the issue of scanning human fingerprints, which is currently very topical and represents the most widespread biometric technology. The theoretical part of the work acquaints the reader with basics of dactyloscopy and biometrics and concerns technologies used for fingerprinting, image preprocessing methods and commercially available contactless optical scanners. The practical part is a realisation of a contactless optical scanner based on a Raspberry Pi minicomputer, implementation of preprocessing algorithms in Python and testing of the device from the perspective of image quality.
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Design of the laboratory task for attack on fingerprint authentication
Spurný, Jiří ; Vyoral, Josef (referee) ; Burda, Karel (advisor)
This thesis deal with personal fingerprint authentication and contains basic types of fingerprint readers included their principles of working. In this thesis are collected published attempts to this type of biometric authentication and in detail described way, how these attempts were realized . Realization of lab measurement is mentioned in practical part of thesis, is designed based on collected and evaluated information. Tendency for realization was to use materials and procedures which are available on market as well as computer technology. So no special equipment is needed for realization. Practical part describes in detail procedures for papillary lines capturing and their electronic processing. Described is also way to break through optical finger print sensor. For confirmation of procedure was made 12 artificial finger casts from Lukopren material. There casts were used to attempt on optical sensor Microsoft Fingerprint Reader with 100% success. Based on realized tests to produce artificial casts was proposed procedure for realization of laboratory measurement. This procedure is described in main part of this thesis. Proposed procedure has been confirmed in 90 minutes time limit, based on requirement to achieve time limit of school training session.
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