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Peritoneal dialysis and its impact on the quality of patient's life
Králová, Dana ; Nikodemová, Hana (advisor) ; Forejt, Julius (referee)
In my thesis, I have focused on health-related quality of life in patients treated for renal failure with ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. The I st theoretical part of my thesis summarizes information on Anatomy and Physiology of kidneys as well as on common renal diseases and their diagnostic and therapelltic algorithms. It also describes two modes of dialysis, e. i. peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis, and basic principles of kidney transplantation. Clear and detailed education of patients treated with peritoneal dialysis is one of the important factors that positively inf1uence patients' compliance and adherence to therapy. Well-organized psychosocial SllppOrt contriblltes to their increased qllality of life. The 2nd practical part explains the goal of my thesis, the primary hypothesis and final results. The qucstionnaire used in my study covers various moments of everyday living that may cause difficulties to di alysed pati n1s. One part of the fom1 focuses directly on activ ities and problems accociated with peritoneal dialysis. Basic description of the group of inq uired patients is also inc luded. The end of the thesis contains final conclusions and summaries of my research. Eventhough the group of patients included in my research is not large, I hope to ha ve succeeded in demonstrating inportant...
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Leaf vegetable as a source of phenolic compounds with nutritional value.
TRÖSTLOVÁ, Daniela
The present work treats the amount of phenolic substances in salad plants. A part of this vast plant group is made of flavonoids, which are important by their accessibility and significant biological activity. Quercetin and rutin are in the main focus of this work. They are noted for their favourable biological effects. Having antioxidant qualities, they prevent and stop the lipid peroxidation and they dispose of free radicals. Flavonoids are used in medicine and can prevent the formation of chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease or atherosclerosis. The amount of phenolic substances in the chosen sample of ten salad plants was determined by means of micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography (MECC) and by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). We have used a freeze-dried material for the analysis. The utmost amount of quercetin was found in lettuce grown on outside garden. 48 600 mg/kg of dry matter highly exceeded the amount of quercetin in other plants. There were other phenolic substancs as well: rosmarinic acid, caffeoylchinol acid and caffeic acid. Among others, we found derivatives and colourants of caffeic acid as well.
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Risk factors for atherosclerosis and its potential pharmacological effects in patients with coronary artery disease and lower limb
Hromádka, Milan ; Filipovský, Jan (advisor) ; Piťha, Jan (referee) ; Šimon, Jaroslav (referee)
1 Statin therapy in patients with peripheral artery obstructive disease (PAOD) 1.1 Patients with lipid metabolism disorders Simvastatin therapy with the dose titration adjusted to the effect led to the prolongation of claudication interval and to the elevation of ankle-brachial pressure index, which was statistically significant at the interval of 18 months after starting the therapy. At the same time we observed normalization of lipid levels and the lowest levels of oxidative stress markers. Statin use was also associated with lowering homocysteine level. 1.2 Patients without lipid metabolism disorders - the influence on laboratory parameters and functional capacity In patients without lipid metabolism disorder, treated with simvastatin 20 mg daily, we noted an improvement, i.e. prolongation of claudication interval and elevation of ankle-brachial pressure index, while in the control group treated only with a diet we observed further deterioration of capacity. In the control group, the parameters of lipid metabolism were statistically significantly worse after six months and this trend remained even in further control visits with HDL cholesterol slightly lowering. In the simvastatin group, a statistically significant decrease of LDL occurred during several months as well as elevation of HDL...
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Immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells - use in therapy
Pavlíková, Michaela ; Stříž, Ilja (referee) ; Krulová, Magdaléna (advisor)
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are extensively studied mainly due to their feasible clinical application. Therapeutic potential of MSC consists not only of the ability to differentiate into mesenchymal cells, ectodermal and endodermal cell lines, but primarily in their immunomodulatory functions. Due to their effect on immune cells, MSC promote the shift of the inflammatory immune response to antiinflammatory. The ability to suppress inflammation, together with their differentiation potential and antiapoptotic potential on the surrounding cells makes MSC a promising tool for treating serious diseases. This work discusses the effect of MSC on the individual cells of the immune system. It focuses on the description of the effect of MSC in four model cases. These are an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus and skin graft transplantation. The knowledge of the mechanisms of the interactions between MSC and the cells of the immune system, together with the understanding the effect of specific conditions on MSC is essential for their use in clinical therapy. Keywords: mesenchymal stem cells, immunomodulation, autoimmune diseases, transplantation
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The Technology of Processing and Sensory Quality Rating of Cow?s Milk and Chosen Products Made of It
BROŽOVÁ, Soňa
The bachelor thesis deals with the technology of processing and sensory quality rating of cow?s milk and chosen products made of it. I have set two aims and from them arising research questions. The first aim was to describe the technological procedures of the cow?s milk processing and to describe partial steps in the production of chosen dairy products. The second aim was to evaluate sensory properties of dairy products of an ecological production and the products of a common food processing operation. The thesis is divided into two basic parts, theoretical and empirical ones. The theoretical part is aimed at the technology of the milk processing. There is the description of the production of chosen types of dairy products, such as consumer milk, sour dairy products and cheese. The aim was not only to describe the technology of the milk processing and the procedures of the production of dairy products, but also to capture the most frequent sensory defects and the causes of their formation. Further, the theoretical part is aimed at the pure dairy cultures. In this section of the theoretical part there is described the procedure of their gaining, the most frequently used kinds of cultures and their defects. The last but not least in the theoretical part, there are briefly characterised the most frequently occurring diseases transmitted by milk. The processing of these pieces of information was done through the study of the technical literature and the Internet sources. In the empirical section, I examined, if the technological procedures of the milk processing and the procedures of the fresh cheese production used on the ecological farm differ from the technological procedures used by the common food company. Further, I wanted to evaluate, if the differences occur in the sensory qualities of the products of these two producers. I attempted to capture the differences in the technologies of processing with the observation directly in the factories. Two institutions were chosen for the observation. As the first one the bio farm Slunečná in the Prachatice district was chosen. A common food processing operation was the second object of the research. It was MADETA, a.s. Jindřichův Hradec. I elaborated the data gained through this research into a clearly arranged table using the application Microsoft Excel. I examined the differences in sensory quality of the products by means of sensory analysis of the chosen products. Ten non-specialist evaluators of all age groups participated in the evaluation. They received the sensory questionnaire in which they marked their subjective feeling from the product tasting using the point scale. These parameters were evaluated: colour, consistency, smell and taste of the consumer milk, yoghurt, yoghurt milk and cheese. The evaluators always had two samples of every category. One came from the ecological production and the second one from the common food processing operation. The results of the questionnaires were averaged, transformed into a table and graphically demonstrated in graphs using the application Microsoft Excel.
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Vliv judikatury Evropského soudního dvora v oblasti přímých daní
Krejsa, Jan ; Vítek, Leoš (advisor) ; Pavel, Jan (referee)
V práci byla analyzována judikatura ESD v oblasti přímých daní a formulovány specifické zásady. ESD postupuje ve třech krocích: zjišťuje, zda existuje omezení EU práva, posuzuje, zda jde o srovnatelné postavení rezidentů a nerezidentů, a nakonec konstatuje, zda může být rozdílné zacházení ospravedlněno naléhavými důvody veřejného zájmu. V práci byla provedena komparace uplatňování judikatury v členských státech. Vliv judikatury ESD byl potvrzen v rozdílné míře; zpravidla dochází k vyvažování aktivního a pasivního přístupu na straně legislativy nebo justice. I přes zjevný vliv judikatury zůstávají v právních předpisech ustanovení, která jsou rozporu s evropským právem.
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The Budget Process of a Town - The Analysis and the Possibilities of Improving
HAMPELOVÁ, Anna
A preparation, a hearing and changes of the budget create a complicated process which includes a lot of steps that are interconnected and make a unit. Individual laws establish the basic requirements but the rest lies within the authorities of towns and communities themselves. There are many ways how to make up a budget. For the time being it´s current methods which are used by the majority of towns and especially by communities. Recently, modern approaches of budgeting are quite discussed and put in practice. They make use of processes and techniques of financial planning , control and also auditing. These methods focus on the best and the most effective use of means so there shouldn´t be any vaste of state resources. Tried-and-tested we can see that the future is in the making up budgets with the new alternative methods with the targeted financial planning. At present these methods are still quite unknown among the people who are concerned with the budget process.
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ANALYSIS OF CONTEMPORARY LIFE-STYLE ACCORDING TO GILLES LIPOVETSKY AND MICHEL MAFFESOLI: COMPARISON AND CONFRONTATION OF SELECTED THEMES, PROBLEMS AND CONTROVERSIES
VOLEK, Jan
The thesis analyzes and compares the approaches of two authors dealing with phenomena in contemporary society. It focuses mainly on issues of lifestyle and values. The thesis asks questions related to socialization and individualization of society. The thesis is divided into four parts. The first part is about definition of the basic terms (postmodernism, lifestyle, values). The second part is devoted to the concept of Gilles Lipovetsky. The third part focuses on the concept of Michel Maffesoli. In the fourth section, there is a comparison of these two concepts, where we are primarily focused on tracing argumentation clashes and controversies. In the final part, there is the presentation of the main questions and ideas, that come out on the basis of this comparison.
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