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Conflicts of the burgesses in České Budějovice in years 1547-1560 in the light of books of testimonies.
SAHULA, Jan
The aim of the present Bachelor?s thesis Conflicts of the burgesses in České Budějovice in years 1547-1560 in the light of books of testimonies is to reconstruct conflicts among the inhabitans of early modern town more specifically the royal city of České Budějovice. The thesis focuses on the period between years 1547-1556. It´s based on the books of testimonies which are deposited in the State District Archives in České Budějovice. The objects of interest are criminal and civil laws, especially conflicts of property, acts of violence, disputes of last wills or thefts. Besides description and classification of conflicts in which were citizens involved the aim of thesis is attempt to reveal burgesses word of thoughts.
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Bronchial Asthma - predisposing factors
Vojtková, Markéta ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Kudláčková, Zděnka (referee)
1 ABSTRACT Ashtma is the most common chronic childhood disease in developed countries and is a complex disease that has high social and economic costs. The aim of this questionare based study was to describe the prevalence of asthma in the population of 13-15 years old children in the Czech Republic and to determine the risk factors predisposing to asthma and allergies. During the september 2005 we've sent 3775 questionaries to 64 grammar schools in the Czech Republic and till the end of february 2006 we've received 2050 questionaries back. Of these 2050 children 111 (5,41%) were according to our criteria determined as asthmatic and 765 (37,3%) as nonallergic. Among the asthmatic children there were 72 (64,9%) boys and 39 (35,1%) girls. Asthmatic children were more often described as messy (60,6% vs. 50,0%; OR=1,54) and helpless (25% vs. 14,9%; OR=1,91; 1,06<OR<3,13). According to the results of our study we may also say, that early BCG vaccination may reduce the risk of evelopig asthma, but not the risk of allergies. Our data also suggest, that parasite infctions do not protect agains asthma and it seems, that they may represnt one of the risk factors predisposing to asthma. We've also found no association between asthma and the type and frequence of the hygiene.
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Spatio-temporal aspects of emerging "edge cities" in Prague metropolitan region
Beneš, Jan ; Pospíšilová, Lucie (advisor) ; Novák, Jakub (referee)
The phenomenon edge city has its roots in U.S. metropolitan areas. Similar urban formations currently also appear in other developed cities. Transformations in post-socialist cities starting in early 90th caused the emergence of new socio-spatial formations in suburban area of Prague metropolitan area. The case study of commercial zone Čestlice-Průhonice shows the newly created cluster of advanced services in Prague suburban area resulting in high concentration of daily population and vehicles. The main aim of this study is to uncover the time dimension of outer-spatial relations of the commercial zone by analyzing the daily rhythm of transportation. The method of direct observation of passing vehicles and its registration numbers is used. Furthermore, it has been proved that the commercial area has a regional significance. In this thesis, new socio-spacial formations in suburban fringe of Prague are ilustrated as an important subject for further geographic research. Keywords: edge city, commercial suburbanization, daily rhythm, transportation
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Internal ribosome entry site of the hepatitis C virus as a possible target for therapy
Roučová, Kristina ; Čáp, Michal (referee) ; Pospíšek, Martin (advisor)
Hepatitis C virus infects about 3 % of world's population. Progress in molecular biology and better knowledge of hepatitis C virus life cycle contribute to the development of specifically targeted antiviral therapies for HCV. This new treatment also targets the internal ribosome entry site (IRES), which is highly conserved and therefore an attractive target for intervention. In addition, inhibition of IRES function could disable the propagation of the virus early in the HCV life cycle. Novel therapeutics are aimed both at the HCV IRES structure and its nucleotide sequence. Small molecules and synthetic nucleic acids, e.g. antisense oligonucleotides and ribozymes, have been tested as potential therapeutic substances. In this paper particular attention is paid to small molecules interacting with HCV IRES.
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Supported Emplyment as a Possibility of an Integration of Mentally Disabled People
Fleischhansová, Pavla ; Ortová, Marie (advisor) ; Hradečná, Pavlína (referee)
I wrote this document with a title of "Supported employment as a possibility of an integration of mentally disabled people" as a final work within finished Social work study programme. This document is focused on a question of the integration of mentally disabled people. Mental disability is classified from a view of causes, main signs and it is also mentioned classification of a disability by the MKN-10. I mentioned a question of an education and pedagogical integration of mentally disabled people into an usual educational process in the next step. There are described presumptions (legislatives, family,personality of an integrated person) for realization of the integration. The integrated education makes a preparation for future occupation possible. Nevertheless, there are ways that are looked for, so that this part of population could be use in the job market. That is why exists programme of supported employment in the Czech Republic, which is an important activity in the integrated process. There are described development, basic principles and the whole process of the supported employment. This service is realized by non-profit organizations, which is why there is mentioned the characteristics of a civil association called "Rytmus", its provided services, aims and use of services of a chosen user....
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Prevention of Breast Cancer
Bárta, Daniel ; Šafář, Petr (advisor)
Breast cancer is the most frequent women's oncogenous disease. The efficient epidemiological observation of the occurrence of this disease can give the explanation of cooperating factors of the breast cancer inception and it serves as one of the initial points when working out the screening programme. The continuously on-going research in many countries tries to explain the pathogenesis of breast cancer inception. The research is mainly focused on the detection of the changes on the genom level with the help of molecular biology methods. The detailed observation of genetic changes in tumorous cells will probably lead to the revaluation of the breast malignities classification, which will be based on the molecular substance of the tumour inception and will become the basis for the targeted therapy, being directed against the defined neoplastic changes in the particular kind of tumour. Owing to the limited possibilities to apply primary preventive care the secondary prevention is the cardinal point. As the early discovery of the disease nowadays still represents the basis for the successful therapy, the contribution of screening programmes is great. Mammography has appeared to be a suitable detective method for the screening. Nowadays the professionals try to make the screening coverage of the particular...
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Nutritional requirements for reindeer´s breeding (Rangifer spp.)
Toporová, Kateřina ; Svobodová, Ivona (advisor) ; Adéla, Adéla (referee)
Bachelor thesis is summarizing general information about the reindeers preferred nutrient in the wild compared with a recommendation for breeding these animals in the captivity, including the information about potential health problems associated with their unsuitable feeding. Consequential theme is familiarization with the genus Rangifer (or rather with species Rangifer tarandus), from the point of view taxonomic classification, digestive system, nutrient types according to Hofmann (1989), status of populations in the nature, and threat levels in their natural conditions.
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SPECT regional cerebral blood flow in diferential diagnosis of dementias.
Švehlová, Dana ; Lang, Otto (advisor)
To assess the importance of testing single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT ) of the brain in patients with cognitive disorders, a retrospective Data analysis examined patients over four years to compare the clinical diagnosis conclusions SPECT brain. Of 33 patients with clinically probable Alzheimer's disease ( AD ) had 87 % brain SPECT image of AD , half of them was present finding of mixed dementia ( MIX) . U 13 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) were found heterogeneous patterns of brain perfusion matching mixed population of individuals with MCI and their significance can be evaluated only after a longer interval . In the next phase we test the hypothesis of hypoperfusion in the cingulate gyrus posterior patients with MCI (4 ) could be a promising marker for early detection of AD in a heterogeneous group of these patients. We performed measurements of regional perfusion in the posterior cingulate gyrus in the 10 AD patients , a 7 patients with MCI and 6 standard. Low perfusion in this field has been demonstrated in patients with AD . Keywords : 99mTc - HMPAO SPECT brain , dementia , cognitive disorders , Alzheimer's disease
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Secondary tumors after irradiation for carcinoma of the breast
SUKOVÁ, Denisa
One of the most common cancers in women is breast cancer. The incidence of breast cancer is great and its incidence increases after 50 years of age. In 2009, 5,975 women were newly diagnosed. Despite the fact that the treatment of breast cancer, especially in its early stages, is very successful, breast cancer still remains the leading cause of cancer death in women. In 2009, 1,607 women succumbed to this pestilential disease. The main treatment modality is surgical treatment. Breast cancer is moderately chemosensitive and radiosensitive, which suggests a potential treatment using chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Other treatment modalities include hormonal and biological therapies. Radiotherapy is a medical discipline that uses ionizing radiation to treat malignant as well as benign diseases. When applying ionizing radiation, tolerance doses of organs and tissues must be observed. As a result of exceeding the tolerance doses, significant changes and complications reducing the quality of life arise. Because the survival rate of cancer patients is increasing, the study of late effects of cancer treatment is becoming more important. One of the serious late side effects is the formation of secondary tumour. The practical part of the thesis focuses on the issues of radiation-induced tumours in women who have been treated with radiotherapy for breast cancer. The research group consists of patients who were exposed to radiation at a hospital in České Budějovice between 2000 and 2004. The entire group included 516 patients who were exposed to radiation aimed to the breast or chest wall. I monitored in these patients the eventual formation of a duplicate tumour, its location, type, and latency time. I also focused on the calculation of relative risk. After the completion of radiation therapy, a secondary tumour formed in 32 patients, i.e. 6.2 %. Two new tumours were found in one of the patients, the total of 33 secondary tumours was diagnosed. The most frequent types of newly formed tumours were cancers of contralateral breast and non-melanoma skin cancers (basal cell epithelioma). Both tumour types were represented in the number of seven. Furthermore, six lung tumours, three rectal tumours, and two cases of cervical, kidney and bladder tumours were found. In addition, a duplicate tumour of the brain and the meninx, a myeloma, a thyroid tumour, and an endometrial tumour were found. 58 % cases of duplicate tumours were located outside the irradiated areas. Four of the six newly formed lung tumours, three of the seven newly formed skin tumours, and seven tumours in the contralateral breast were identified in the irradiated areas. Latency time till the formation of duplicate tumours ranged from two to twelve years. The median of the latency time was seven years. Within five years after irradiation a total of 14 secondary tumours formed, i.e. 42 % of the total. Within ten years after irradiation most of the duplicate tumours formed. 17 duplicates were diagnosed in this category, i.e. 52 %. 52 %. In one type of cancer (3 %), brain tumour, and meninges, the latency time was 12 years. Furthermore, I calculated relative risk. The values of relative risk determined were greater than 1 for all types of tumours. The lowest value relative risk was observed in skin cancer, which was 1,939. On the other hand, the highest value of the relative risk was observed in endometrial neoplasm. The value of relative risk reached 48.78. Through this calculation of relative risks I confirmed the hypothesis that after irradiation of breast cancer there is an increasing number of duplicate tumours in comparison with the occurrence of tumours in the general population. Despite the increased values of relative risk, the benefits of radiotherapy in cancer treatment are irreplaceable. When using radio therapy, it is necessary to count with some risk of late complications.
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Southeast Asian Englishes and their perception
Bukraba, Maria ; Matuchová, Klára (advisor) ; Bojarová, Marie (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to prove that words from Southeast Asian varieties of English which were included in Oxford English Dictionary bear a unique meaning and thus are indispensable. Theoretical part depicts a classification of Englishes by Braj Kachru and later explores historical and socio-political aspects of English in countries where it is spoken by a large part of population such as Malaysia, Singapore, Philippines and Hong Kong which technically belongs to East Asia, but for the linguistic purposes it is included in the list. The practical part examines lists of words included in Oxford English dictionary from the mentioned varieties of English with the aid of local context such as magazines, blogs, newspapers and other unofficial sources. On the basis of the results of this research, it can be concluded that words from Southeast Asian varieties of English are irreplaceable due to their distinctive meaning.
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