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Europe 2020 strategy and its implementation by the Czech Republic
Křivanec, David ; Palíšková, Marcela (advisor) ; Stříteský, Marek (referee)
At the beginning of the Bachelor's Thesis, there is a description of the European union and its history after World War II, phases of the European integration and benefits it brings for the member states. Then the process of how the economic policy of the EU is directed and coordinated with the policy of each individual state. Furthermore, the Europe 2020 strategy, which has goal to create a competitive EU on the global market, is in detail described and five areas are defined: Employment, Poverty, Education, Research and development and Climate change and energy. Analysis itself focuses on the implementation of the national targets using secondary data and future analysis. Results of the analysis shows, that the Czech Republic is successfully fulfilling most of the targets. The recommendation for the private and public sector is to focus on employment of the socially excluded groups, education of the children in early, pre-school stage of life and overall support of young people and graduates. From a long-time point of view, these steps should maximize work potential and increase education of the population.
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Public finance and innovations
Dobrovolný, David ; Vítek, Leoš (advisor) ; Zídková, Hana (referee)
This diploma thesis was aimed at analyzing the influence of tax incentives for the research and development on the tax duty of the taxpayers. Within the first section a term research and development was defined followed by the specification of possible forms of the tax incentives for the research and development. The calculation of the tax duty of the illustrative company which effected research and development activity (within two scenarios) was presented within the practial section. The illustrative company was constantly profitable in the first scenario and as such, it incurred higher savings from the application of the research and development tax deduction in comparison to the second scenario (where company incurred a tax loss in one taxable period). Based on the results, taxpayers who apply the research and development tax deduction may consider a tax optimisation in case they could possibly incur a tax loss.
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Is there any link between hierarchy of transnational corporations, banks and research and development institutions?
Chmelařová, Eva ; Blažek, Jiří (advisor) ; Marek, David (referee)
Is there any link between hierarchy of transnational corporations, banks and research and development institutions? Abstract The world city theory focuses on concentration of the most progressive activities of the social-economic system in a few key cities that together have a major share of command and control power within the global economy. Location advantages of such cities attract TNC headquarters, financial services and R&D facilities. Interactions between them lead to further strengthening of the position of the global city and it brings a cumulative effect on the location advantages. This paper examines the global city hierarchy based on the data on 1 500 world's biggest companies headquarters location, as well as location of 1 500 most important R&D institutions and 200 biggest banks. According to the results the triad of New York, London and Tokyo was taken over by Beijing. Correlation analysis of the city rankings in all of the three hierarchies confirms significant geographical link between global arrangement of TNC headquarters, financial services and R&D institutions. Keywords: global city, TNCs, banks, RIS, research and development, geographical organization
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Libraries and information systems supporting Italian research and developement
Podloucká, Karolina ; Papík, Richard (advisor) ; Dvořák, Jan (referee)
(in English) This thesis deals with the issue of information support of science and research development in Italy through information systems and library networks. The introductory chapter deals with several questions concerning the Italian academic environment and its relation to research and coordination of information. The second chapter introduces the current situation of Italian libraries, the library structures, legislation elements and mainly focuses on the institutions managing the libraries. The third chapter is devoted to science and research in Italy. The thesis also describes the current situation comparing it to other European countries. The emphasis is on major research institutions, support organizations and ministries. Followed by the explanation of funding and assessment of research institutions. The fourth chapter deals with the support of research in the area of Tuscany. The three largest universities of this region are analyzed - University of Florence, Pisa and Siena. After a description of these institutions, the thesis looks closely at their library networks, research activities and support. The conclusion summarizes the information obtained and answers the questions formulated in the introduction of this thesis.
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Analysis of Defence Research and Development in the Czech Republic
Fiala, Karel ; Knobloch, František (advisor) ; Stejskal, Libor (referee)
Defence research and development is an important public policy phenomenon, which represents a relevant part of security policy and interferes with many other areas when considered in a wider perspective. My diploma thesis presents an analysis of the Czech policy of defence research and development and an international comparison with the Netherlands and Slovakia. Governmental policy in this area is relatively pro-active as regards its declared settings. On the other hand, its actual practise reveals many problematic areas. Ministry of Defence's expenditure on defence research and development has been falling since 1999 and recently finds itself well below the limit guaranteed by the law. Insufficient utilisation of foreign financial support might be considered negatively as well. The analysis that I carried out in my thesis identified fundamental shortcomings of the Czech system, the functioning of which is far from being optimal. The deficiencies have mostly a systemic manner and can not be solved by partial changes. Due to this reason I propose an alternative set up of the Czech policy of defence research and development, based on a shift to the agency model inspired by the Dutch experience.
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EU Innovation Policy in the Czech Republic
Bartůšek, Pavel ; Urban, Luděk (advisor) ; Hubáček, Filip (referee)
The European Union (EU) puts more emphasis on innovation as a key means for regaining and maintaining competitiveness, a trait it lags behind in when compared to its main global competitors. It therefore possesses a range of tools designed to support innovative activities of firms and to improve the overall environment of innovation in the European Union and Member States. This thesis outlines/describes the major milestones in the development of innovation policies in the Czech Republic and the EU and focuses on supporting innovation in small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the Czech Republic via measures derived from the EU's financial tools. Special emphasis is applied to the Operational Programme Entrepreneurship and Innovation (OPIE) that in the Czech Republic is the main tool used to support innovation in firms. The main problem areas that may pose barriers to active impact for this support are identified on the basis of programme documents, assessment reports, statistical data on the programmes and qualitative information yielded from interviews with firm representatives experienced in this type of support. With regard to the findings of this assessment, the thesis attempts to frame suggestions that can eliminate the identified shortcomings and recommendations that can form the position of...
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Scientometric research evaluation with focus on the Czech Republic
Troupová, Alžběta ; Souček, Martin (advisor) ; Boudová, Lucie (referee)
(in English) The master thesis is focused on the scientometric methods of research and development evaluation and their use in particular system applied in the Czech Republic. Its introductory part presents the field of scientometrics, scientometric and bibliometric indicators and citation indices. Chapter 7 deals with research and development evaluation in Czech Republic, especially with Research Evaluation Guidelines and describes its assesment rules, results and changes due to its annual actualization. A battle of wills between the Guidelines supporters and opponents is the topic of chapter 8, in particular in the context of reallocation of institutional funding according to the Guidelines. Ideas and opinions of prominent scientists and policymakers are being presented followed by brief treatise on Czech system of research and development evaluation audit carried out by the company Technopolis Limited. In the conclusion the author summarizes and debates positives and negatives of the Czech system of science evaluation.
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Impact of Domestic and Foreign Companies on Regional Development:The Case Study from Pardubice Region with the Focus on Knowledge Based Production
Procházka, Jan ; Žížalová, Pavla (advisor) ; Šiftová, Jana (referee)
Foreign companies were the main drivers of economic development in the Czech Republic in last two decades. Today the Czech market is already saturated with large number of foreign investment and future development of the Czech economy depends on a shift towards a knowledge-based economic development. Thesis attempts to evaluate different position of domestic and foreign companies from the Pardubice Region in global production networks. This position will have different influence on focus of companies on research, development and knowledge-based activities. The work is based on 34 directed interviews with the directors of domestic and foreign companies from the Pardubice Region. First aim is to indicate different position of domestic and foreign firms in global production networks. Second aim is to find a different meaning of research and development activities for companies. Development activities are the main article of shift towards the production of knowledge-intensive products with higher added value. Last aim of thesis is to evaluate different intensity of collaboration of domestic and foreign companies on the research and development activities with other firms and institutions.
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Public support for research and development provided an indirect way in terms of SMEs with a focus on information assurance
Filipová, Vladimíra ; Drozen, František (advisor) ; Valder, Antonín (referee) ; Nedělník, Jan (referee)
Innovation is a critical factor of the economical development as it is the key source of a competitive advantage and brings an addend value of a concerete company (Zhang, 2O13); Technological innovation could be defined as an endogenous factor responding to economic challenges (McKenzie, 2OO8). Research and development provides innovations, whereas the production of research and development brings externalities. Externalities reduce the private return on investment as such, therefore research and development is an object of public support. Public support can be provided ether by direct or indirect form that includes primarily tax incentives. Small and medium-size enterprises play a key role in the innovation process, however they dispose limited resources for investments to research and development and also for administrative activities connected to tax incentive applications. Thus small and medium-size enterprises are more sensitive to associated administrative tasks. The objective of the thesis was set as follows: to contribute to the existing knowledge in the application of tax incentives and desing an appropriate tool for managerial support of tax incentives reporting in small and medium-size enterprises. This objective has been divided into the following sub-objectives: (1) identify issues related to the application of tax incentives for research and development in terms of small and medium-size enterprises and to compare them with reference research, carried out by Chittenden & Derregia (2O1O); (2) design a system to improve reporting of tax incentives in small and medium-size enterprises. A reference framework was provided to address the objective, the key findings are as follows: precise recognition of research and development activities and associated costs are crucial for an effective implementation of tax incentives (Billings et al., 2OO1); cost allocation in research and development activities is rather a complicated issue (Švejda et al., 2OO7, Godfrey & Hamilton, 2OO5), therefore a comprehensive reporting system shall be provided (Chittenden & Derregia, 2O1O) and these reporting systems should include accounting elements Bhiman (2OO6) and enable project division into phases (Jorgensen 2O1O). In accordance with the recommendation of Chittenden & Derregia (2O1O), Bourgeois and Eisenhardt (1988), Koners and Goffin (2OO7), Workman (1993) Singleton and Straits (2OO5), Morandi (2O11), Yin (2OO3) qualitative research based on structured questionnaires was chosen for exploring the first objective and case study for the second objective. The key findings of qualitative research based on structured questionnaires are: only top management and accountants were involved in the administration of tax incetives. Middle management and researchers were omitted, wherease in reporting of grant projects (realized with the direct support), they were fully involved. The case study research approved that a formalized system of management and reporting of research and development activities supports identification of a research project. Representative of a case company confirm that the formalized system of management and reporting supports decision making process and innovation performance, that corresponds to Bossink (2OO2). The main limitation of the research is the chosen method. The questionnaire survey was conducted in a selected sample of small and medium-size enterprises case study was carried out in a concrere company. The conclusions therefore can not be generalized. Further research can provide a more extensive survey that can be statistically generalize. Other possibity is the evaluation of a social impact as Galal & Wiener (2OO3) also suggest or description of differences in reporting research and development project realized without public support as Lokshin & Mohnen (2O12) recommend.
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The Determinants of Software Piracy in European Countries
Kozlova, Alina ; Janíčko, Martin (advisor) ; Babin, Jan (referee)
This thesis's main focus is to test the influence of selected growth factors on the rate of software piracy in 25 European countries. The model uses the following determinants: GDP per capita, the Gini coefficient, GNI per capita, gross domestic spending on research and development, the share of labor force with tertiary education, index of economic freedom, intellectual protection rights index and internet coverage. Based on data for the years 2007 - 2011 I present 5 econometric models, which are estimated with the help of a panel regression. It turns out that economic factors such as GDP and GNI per capita, have a negative impact on the piracy rate and annual growth of internet users supports increasing level of piracy. The other determinants do not significantly affect the piracy of software, but the negative direction of the growth of the workforce educational level on piracy was confirmed.
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