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Quality of life and physical aktivity in young patients after acute myocardial infarction
Zídková, Miloslava ; Daďová, Klára (advisor) ; Majorová, Simona (referee)
Quality of life and physical activity in patients after acute myocardial infarction at a young age Quality of life and physical activity in young patient's after acute myocardial infarction OBJECTIVES: First Assess HRQOL in patients after acute myocardial infarction at a young age (ie men who had undergone AIM aged 45 years and in women who have undergone AIM aged 55 years) in the Czech Republic with a small pilot file. Second Determine the level of regular physical activity in patients after acute myocardial infarction at a young age in the Czech Republic with a small pilot file. METHOD: 24 patients invited to ambulatory monitoring after acute myocardial infarction at a young age, completed the SF-36 questionnaire and the IPAQ. Additional data were obtained from standard medical documentation. The data were analyzed using a defined evaluation criteria and individual questionnaires using standard statistical methods. RESULTS: Patients suffering from AIM at a young age, we found a reduced quality of life, mainly in the area of physical components. On the contrary, regular physical activity is relatively high. KEY WORDS: Health related quality of life, physical activity, acute myocardial infarction
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Observations of dispensing of several drugs with dependence potential in Pharmacies
Zábranská, Kristýna ; Fendrich, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Vopršalová, Marie (referee)
Monitoring of the dispension of drugs with abuse potential in pharmacy Kristýna Zábranská Prof. MUDr. Zdeněk Fendrych Medication over the frame of standard treatment is a serious as well as underestimating problem. In the conseqeuncies it leads to hard medical and economic damage. Analysis of the dispension of prescription drugs with abuse potential (analgesics, benzodiazepines, nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics) in the pharmacy in 2006 confirmed that the consumption of this drugs is high, especially in the elderly (51 - 60 years). Group of the patients in this age was dispensed 72% of all dispensed drugs, that were monitoring. Monitored drugs were more frequently prescribed to women, in particular benzodiazepines. The three most prescribed substances were diazepam, alprazolam and bromazepam. In this sequence they were dispensed to women too. To the group of men there was the most often prescribed substance diazepam, zolpidem (Hypnogen) and tramadol (Tramal).
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The feeling of pain in patients after the surgical procedure
VAŇKOVÁ, Blanka
The Bachelor Thesis with the topic ``Algesthesia of patients after surgery{\crqq} deals with the patient pain and differences in its perception in the postoperative period. To achieve the set out goals, a research in form of questionnaire was carried out. The research set was formed from the patients hospitalized at Surgical Departments of the Hospitals in České Budějovice and Strakonice. The gals of the thesis were fulfilled, because we found out the real situation of the pertinent matter thanks to the research. The Hypothesis 1 was not confirmed, because the majority of the medical personnel checks-up the effects after analgesia. The Hypotheses 2 has been confirmed; the women percept the pain after a surgery stronger than men. The Hypothesis 3 has been confirmed, because the patients after the conduction anaesthesias percept pain less than those after a total anaesthesia. This Bachelor Thesis should make the nurses think about whether they offer enough to calm down the pain, check the effect after serving the analgesia, treat the patient with respect to the type of surgery and individual perception of pain.
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Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy in the diagnosis of Ischemic Heart Disease
VŠOLKOVÁ, Marta
Abstract Radionuclide examination of coronary arteries - myocardial perfusion scintigraphy using a method of a single-photon emission computed tomography ( SPECT ) - provides by a non-invasive way functional information which is complementary to morphologic information gained by an invasive selective coronary angiography. However, the examination of cardiac arteries in the diagnostics of ischemic heart disease (IHD) is carried out by means of other examination procedures which are together in a mutual interaction. Therefore, apart from the basic anatomy and physiology of the coronary arteries and pathophysiology of IHD, the section of the theoretical part of the work also provides an overview of examination methods which are in relation to the radiology assistant´s work. The methods used to diagnose IHD are divided into non-invasive stress tests and invasive diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Among the non-invasive stress tests are: ergometer stress test, ECG Holter monitoring, echocardiography examination, stress cardiac mag-netic resonance imaging, myocardial perfusion scintigraphy, 18F-FDG PET, CT angi-ography, CT determination of calcium score, and optical coherence tomography. The category of invasive diagnostic and therapeutic method includes: selective coronary angi-ography, PTCA, and CABG. Detailed description of SPECT myocardial perfusion scin-tigraphy is described in a separate chapter. Objective of the practical part of the work was to compare the conclusions of SPECT myocardial perfusion scintigraphy results with the conclusions of coronary angiography results. I looked for answers to the two following research issues: 1.Would the conclusions of myocardial perfusion scintigraphy examination medical report differ from the conclusions of coronary angiography medical report maximally by 10%? 2. Would be the non-corresponding results different in men and women? Methodology: In the medical files of patients who were recommended for coronary an-giography after myocardial scintigraphy I looked up the final medical reports on their coronary angiography findings. The patients with negative scintigraphy findings who underwent shortly after myocardial scinfigraphy selective coronary angiography with positive results were also included into the group. Group of patients: From January 2013 to September 2013 a group of patients underwent stress myocardial scintigraphy examination at the CNM in Prague. In total there were 619 patients - 344 men and 275 women. 187 patients underwent an additional rest myocardial perfusion scintigraphy. There were positive findings in 86 of these patients with referral for coronary angiography. Backward search proved impossible to find coronary angi-ography results in 19 patients. Nevertheless, 3 patients with false-negative scintigraphy findings were included into the group. The resulting group thus consists of 70 patients 23 women and 47 men. Results: The results of SPECT myocardial perfusion scintigraphy and coronary angi-ography differ in 13% which slightly exceeds the limit of 10% set in the research issue. Two thirds of non-corresponding scintigraphy results were false-positive, one third false-negative. With regards to the second research issue I came to the conclusion that in the detection of IHD the number of non-corresponding result of SPECT myocardial scintigraphy and cor-onary angiography is identical in both genders. There was 13 % of non-corresponding findings in women and 12.7 % of non-corresponding findings in men.
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Formula in infancy - composition, indication
BOČKOVÁ, Jaroslava
Formula is an artificial milk nutrition which is possible to use if the child is not breast-fed and in this case it can substitute the breast milk. It is important to realize that breast milk is still the "gold standard" of infant nutrition and the formula is "merely" substitute and that means breast milk cannot be adequately replace. My bachelor thesis is on the topic of Formula in infancy - the composition and indications. Therefore I focused not only on the formula itself, but also on the natural nutrition of infants as breast milk. I divided the theoretical part of the thesis into three main areas - breastfeeding, daily nutritional regime and the formula in infancy. I dealt with the composition of artificial milk formulas in my research. I compared breastfeeding with formulas from the perspective of mothers and I took an interest in reasons for the use of the artificial milk formulas and in brands which were tested by respondents. I also tried to find out if the mothers were enough informed about infant feeding. I used two methods of qualitative research - a content analysis and technique of semi-structured interviews. I had set four goals: The first was to compare formulas for infants on the Czech market, the second was to compare satisfaction of breastfeeding and non breastfeeding mothers with theinfant feeding method. The third was to identify the reasons for the use of formulas and find out which formulas women use. The fourth was to make a discovery if women are informed about the ways and possibilities of the infant feeding. Meanwhile I was dealing with research question number one, specifically if the composition of the individual formulas meets the requirements of Directive 2006/141/EC of the EU Commission I found that not all values are identical to legislation. At least it should be explored if the ingredients which are not equivalent to the approved amount could be harmful to child's health. I couldn?t answer the second question on the basis of composition of the artificial milk nutrition. So I assessed the quality of the offered range of brands on the Czech market from the theoretical part. Nutrilon has become the best brand according to this comparison. The question number three was if the women are more satisfied with breastfeeding or with the use of artificial milk formulas. I was comparing the experiences of breastfeeding and non breastfeeding mothers using the infant nutrition and I found out that nursing mothers are happier, despite the difficulties which accompany the mother during lactation. Also I found out that the reasons for the use of formulas were different in the group of respondents, as well as individual brands of the infant milks. Any mother has never tried alternative soy, goat or sheep milk. They followed the expert's advice and had never thought about these alternatives. I can agree with that and I don?t think this milk could be appropriate infant feeding. The last research question was focused on the respondent's knowledge of infant feeding. All respondents got education from the medical staff of the hospital, but some of them weren?t satisfied with the quality. Some mothers met with a lack of information at the pharmacist and general practice. It is important that the management of the device should lay stress on the proper education because quality child care is based on high-quality information. The results of my bachelor thesis should be like a subject to further detailed investigation and documentation which highlights the need of improvement of the quality information from experts.
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The use of alternative metods of pain relief in labour
Nejedlá, Michaela ; Slowik, Regina (advisor) ; Plecitá, Zdeňka (referee) ; Erbenová, Věra (referee)
This Baccalaureat thesis discusses the use of alternative methods of pain relief in labour. The theoretical section describes labour pains and the physical process of giving birth. This is followed by a number of alternative methods suitable for use during the birth, how they work, the possibilities for use, indications and contraindications, and ways of using them. Broadly speaking, the empirical section was completed using methods of quantitative research observation. It should clarify which alterative methods were offered to the labouring women and which were used. The study also looks at how women generally deal with pain, who helped them most during labour and whether the experience of giving birth met their expectations. The respondents were drawn from families using four medical institutions: Hradec Kralove University Hospital, Liberec regional hospital and Hořovice hospital. The 4th institution, a university hospital, wishes to remain anonymous. Women with planned ceasarean sections were excluded from the study.
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The Exploitation of Alpinning and Bossu for keeping women´s health
VOJTĚCHOVÁ, Magdaléna
The present society is more and more characterized of hypoactivity, that is associated with all negative impacts. In my dissertation I have applied my mind to a population of women from 35 to 50 years. A theoretical part of the dissertation engages in bio-psycho-social development of a study group, regard to an adequate movement activity and their relevances for health. In the practical part of this dissertation, there are described in detail methods of walking on Alpitrack and balance exercises Bosu. It could conduce to an improvement of physical and psychological condition in the study group. It was taken biometric measurements with measuring of psysiological functions, for a verification of the positive influence of these exercises on cardiovascular and postural produktivity of individuals. It was made an analysis with a method of questionnaire survey concurrently. The analysis of the possible improvement of psychological condition owing to an adequate movement activity. The result is better physical condition in monitoring parameters as percent of grease and muscle mass. Via questionnaire method of Válková (2000) was proved the enhancement in psychic and social area too. The result of this analysis should be a proven study of the importance to a movement aktivity for health of women and manual for instructors.
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Subjective view of patiens to new procedures for treatment of alcohol dependence in comparison with previous aversive method
Dvořáková, Helena ; Háva, Petr (advisor) ; Pašková, Miroslava (referee)
The theme of this work is women's addiction to alcohol and their subjective view of medical treatment in the context of their own treatment. This work is focused on the all-society problem of alcoholism, particularly for women. Subsequently on the inpatient treatment - in which principles worked previously and as currently conceived. This is a qualitative study in which women evaluated previously applied aversive approach and the current cognitive-behavioral model of treatment. There has been growing number of specialists for alcoholic treatment recently. There are many methods and approaches which are applied to the treatments. Currently, there are more significant therapeutic approaches helping people to deal with their risky emotions and various cognitive - behavioral methods and methods leading to enhancing motivation. Each person is individual and it is very difficult to develop such a therapy or set of treatments, which would suit to the growing number handicapped people.
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Evaluation of Nutrition Uptake, Macro and Micro Elements by Pregnat Czech Women
Sovišová, Petra ; Hronek, Miloslav (advisor) ; Herink, Josef (referee)
THE EVALUATION OF NUTRITION UPTAKE, MACRO AND MICRO ELEMENTS BY PREGNANT CZECH WOMEN Department of Biological and Medical Scientes, 2010 Petra Sovišová Nutrition of pregnant women is a very important factor in physiological pregnancy and healthy fetal development. Presented rigorous thesis which follows my own diploma thesis "The evaluation of dietary intake substrates and nutrient in prenancy", defended in 2008. The aim of both thesis was to determine the nutritional evaluation of a control group of pregnant women specific nutritional intake of energy, nutrients, selected vitamins and minerals in nowadays conditions. Testing was conducted through a weekly record of all food received by a group of pregnant women randomly selected from the second trimester of pregnancy, different ages and education, where was assumption in diversity of their food habits. In this thesis, however, I proceed from the evaluation results of extensive group of 150 women. Data processing was carried out by using computer program NutriDan. In the theoretical part of my diploma thesis, I examined closely the particular intake of selected nutrients - that is, lipids, carbohydrates, protein and total energy intake during pregnancy, while the theoretical part of my rigorous thesis deals with a specific macro-and micro elements...
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Specific problems of imprisoned women
Sluková, Květuše ; Šotolová, Eva (advisor) ; Pešatová, Ilona (referee) ; Černíková, Helena (referee)
Some Penitentiary Specifics of Imprisoned Women (Specification of sentenced women) This dissertation work describes two groups of incarcerated women: first long-term imprisoned women, second-imprisoned mothers with their children. The criminal behaviour of women differs from the male criminality. The most often penal behaviour are thefts, pick pocketing, illegal exploitation of employees, misabeling of goods, evading corporate taxes, suborning and in the last time different sorts of violent crimes like robberies, homicides etc tends to increase. Special kind of imprisoned women are offenders of impostures and organized crime (prostitution, trade with children and drugs). We also have a higher prison population than many other European countries. Each of these groups of sentenced women needs special sort of treatment and sometimes therapy or medical care. There are two female prisons in the ČR - in Opava and Světlá nad Sázavou. In Opava prison there are women sentenced to all four kinds of security including middle and high security type of prison. There is also the unit for drug depend inmates and the inmates with personality disorder. It is always a good thing that near the prison there is one of the best psychiatrically clinics in the Czech Republic. In these nowadays detention institute is...
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