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The impact of the principal-agent problem on the genesis of the global financial crisis
Mach, Milan ; Žamberský, Pavel (advisor) ; Hnát, Pavel (referee)
The core focus of this thesis is the principal-agent problem and its role in the outbreak of the 2007 financial crisis. Analysis of key elements of the problem like moral hazard and adverse selection lays foundations for identifying situations, in which conflict of interests led to negative impacts on the economic performance before and during the financial crisis. This work also studies the influence of factors that are often overlooked by theoretical economists but are still tightly connected to the principal-agent problem, like exogenous incentives based on the mechanism of trust. The author also evaluates mechanisms that have been put into place after the financial crisis and which could help lower agency costs. He also sketches out possible venues of future research in this area.
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Is banking union suitable reaction on recent financial crisis?
Pekárek, Štěpán ; Vondráček, Jan (advisor) ; Ševčíková, Michaela (referee)
In reaction on the financial crisis 2007-2009 was introduced by the European Union a concept of banking union that should prevent similar destabilization of financial markets and readjust supervisory and regulatory mechanisms to reality of the European banking sector. The aim of the master thesis was to assess the concept of banking union as a suitable reaction on current state of the financial sector. The thesis includes historical discourse on banking regulation with an emphasis on institutional framework and requirements on banks. It introduces individual pillars of banking union -- Single Supervisory Mechanism, Single Resolution Mechanism and Single-rule Book. The comparative analysis of selected indicators of each individual Eurozone banking sector proved significant disparities. Based on the proven heterogeneity of banking sectors and institutional shortcomings of the banking union the conclusion was reached, that operation of single supervision and regulation can lead to adverse effects either on banking markets or on economies of member states and therefore it is rendered as an unsuitable reaction on current developments of the European financial markets.
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Contagion Risk in the Czech Financial System: A Network Analysis and Simulation Approach
Hausenblas, Václav ; Kubicová, Ivana ; Lešanovská, Jitka
This paper examines the potential for contagion within the Czech banking system via the channel of interbank exposures of domestic banks enriched by a liquidity channel and an asset price channel over the period March 2007 to June 2012. A computational model is used to assess the resilience of the Czech banking system to interbank contagion, taking into account the size and structure of interbank exposures as well as balance sheet and regulatory characteristics of individual banks in the network. The simulation results suggest that the potential for contagion due to credit losses on interbank exposures was rather limited. Even after the introduction of a liquidity condition into the simulations, the average contagion was below 3.8% of the remaining banking sector assets, with the exception of the period from December 2007 to September 2008. Activation of the asset price channel further increases the losses due to interbank contagion, showing that liquidity of government bonds would be essential for the stability of Czech banks in stress situations. Finally, the simulation results for both idiosyncratic and multiple bank failure shocks suggest that the potential for contagion in the Czech banking system has decreased since the onset of the global financial crisis.
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Studie zabývající se dopady nové bankovní regulace na cykličnost kapitálových požadavků v České Republice
Bartůsek, Michal ; Chytil, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Tříska, Dušan (referee)
This work focuses on new regulatory proposals, primarily Basel III accords and analyzes its ability to create a buffer for recurrent credit bubbles. This paper follows a research made by Lis, Pagés and Saurina [2000]. Their paper has illustrated the cyclicality of loan growth and GDP growth for Spain. This cyclicality is supported by cyclical Basel II regulation. In this paper is examined the ability of new regulatory proposals such as Basel III, statistical provisions and change in the approach to the probability of default, to cope with recurrent credit bubbles. According to my critical assessment, Basel III may not be able to create sufficient capital buffer for exceptional credit bubbles such as the current one. This buffer suggested by Basel III has several drawbacks which may decrease its functionality. Statistical provision is not an appropriate measure either, because it could weaken the fair and true view of financial statements principle. Change in approach to probability of default seems to be rational and effective. The only issue may relate to its recovery mechanisms. It doesn't support economic growth in time of economic recession. The author's proposal of new countercyclical buffer, which would be based on credit-to-GDP ratio and GDP growth to loan growth gap is introduced at the end of this work. Although this measure may have negative impact on GDP growth, it may create an appropriate buffer to systematic credit risk.
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Banking regulation with the focus on the goals and the parts of this regulatory concept
Poche, Adam ; Mandel, Martin (advisor) ; Vejmělek, Jan (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with an actual concept of banking regulation and supervision. The main focus of this work is on the goals and the parts of this regulatory concept. These regulatory parts are analyzed in order to gain an outline of their sufficiency. In the case they are analyzed as insufficient, I add some recommendations how to improve them in my own opinion. In the work are also mentioned the prepared changes of Basel III concept, which will affect contemporary rules of regulation. For better orientation in this theme, there are also described the basic aspects of banking system, which are essential for the regulatory and supervisory part of this system.
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The causes of the current financial crisis and their impact on the regulatory framework
Mach, Milan ; Bič, Josef (advisor) ; Zapletal, Petr (referee)
The main topic of this thesis is the 2007 global financial crisis, its causes and impact on the regulation of financial sector both in Europe and the United States. Based on the described causes, its aim is to evaluate the aptness of proposed or already enacted regulatory changes in the financial sector. The first part of this paper deals with the chain of events and trends leading to the outbreak of the mortgage crisis in the US and its subsequent spillover into the rest of the financial sector. The second part focuses on naming the main causes of this development and analyzing them. The final part of this thesis follows the reactions of national and supranational regulatory bodies in Europe and the US, assigns the individual measures to the causes they are supposed to solve, and compares the approaches in the frame of the Euro-Atlantic space.
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Regulation of banks under Basel frameworks
Miškovič, Branislav ; Hnilica, Jiří (advisor) ; Kováč, Jakub (referee)
This diploma thesis provides a high-level overview of banking regulation under the general rules of the Basel agreements that are followed in almost every international bank globally. The introductory part of this paper is devoted to the fundamental purpose of regulation and explains the risks banks are exposed to. The following chapters outline the evolution of banking regulation as agreed by the Basel committee, explain the various capital adequacy frameworks, risk measurement methodologies and look into the proposed future developments in the regulatory area, including ex-post (Basel I, II) and ex-ante analysis of the practical impacts on banks. The final part of this diploma work is focused on actual real world application of the Basel II rules in a banking organization, precisely Barclays Capital, the investment banking arm of Barclays Plc. headquartered in London, UK and regulated by the Financial Services Authority (FSA).
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European banking mergers and its consequences
Hanzalík, Jan ; Půlpánová, Stanislava (advisor) ; Hradil, Dušan (referee)
The thesis reflects current issue of banking M&A in Europe and its consequences in the regulatory and supervisory area. The thesis sets a general topic of M&A into context of the banking industry. It drops the typology of consolidation entities, methods and reasons for consolidation. It examines the regulatory framework with accent on contemporary trends, namely the financial crisis and its impact into the regulatory and supervisory framework.
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Banking regulation in the Czech Republic
Škapa, Václav ; Dvořák, Petr (advisor) ; Janda, Karel (referee)
The theory of bank regulation is based on several principles. The prime one percieves bank as specific subject in economy. Bank differs in pattern of its activities, structure of its assets and debts, spectrum of undergone risks, etc. Efficient regulation is achieved by establishing generally binding rules, most often legal rules. These rules define enviroment of banks' business. When evaluating legal settings in the Czech Republic, differences between the settings and theoretical solutions must be involved. Conclutions relevant to the efficiency of bank regulation system may be set on the basis of this comparision.
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