|
|
Geographical origin of alien plants in the Czech Republic
Kopicová, Irena ; Chuman, Tomáš (advisor) ; Matějček, Tomáš (referee)
The topic of the proposed thesis is the geographical origin of non-native species of plants in the Czech Republic and it deals with non-native plants while identifying their phyto- areas. The causes of introduction, plant characteristics as well as ecological consequences, gains and dangers for the biodiversity in the Czech Republic are also assessed. The thesis is divided into two parts with first part dealing with a theoretical introduction in a form of a literary research on the geographic origin of non-original species of higher plants in the Czech Republic. Here, the basic terminology is discussed and so are specific issues. A chapter dealing with neo-phytes contains also a subsection on invasive plants, where it was necessary to stress their potential threat to ecosystems. Second part is devoted to the application of the topic in the education of geography by creating a work sheet and by defining main terminology for high school students. The aim is to encourage students to think about which plants are important, where they come from and why and how they reached us. Likewise, it is important that students could reflex on how non- native plants may affect the ecosystem in which they had been introduced.
|
|
|
Impacts of invasive plant species on European environment
Breburdová, Vendula ; Pyšek, Petr (advisor) ; Kindlmann, Pavel (referee)
The DAISIE project in the 6. framework program of the European Union provides valuable data about European invasive species. Invasive plants have various impacts, positive and negative, and effects all four types of ecosystem services (supporting, provisioning, regulating and cultural). Invasive species are also known to cause serious economic looses. The proposed work aims at summarizing the up-to-date knowledge about the impact of invasive flora on European environment and human well-being. key words: invasive plants, impact, DAISIE, Europe, ecosystem services
|
|
|
Modelling potential distribution of invasive plants Indigo bush (Amorpha fruticosa) and Goji berry (Lycium barbarum) in the Czech Republic
Müllerová, Soňa ; Moudrý, Vítězslav (advisor) ; Barták, Vojtěch (referee)
Biological invasions are currently considered to be one of the major threats to biodiversity. Invasive species are introduced species naturalized in regions outside their native range with both ecological and economic impact known from many regions all over the world. In the Czech Republic, vascular plants constitute a major group of invasive species. They are characterized by the ability to adapt, spread and occupy new sites. Early identification of potentially dangerous species constitute a possible way to prevent further spread. This bachelor thesis presents the use of species distribution modelling technique as a tool for assessing invasive potential and predicting species invasions. The aim was to create the model of invasive shrub species Indigo bush (Amorpha fruticosa) and Goji berry (Lycium barbarum) potential distribution in the Czech Republic and explore the significance of each predictor variable including variables derived from digital elevation model. Models were created in the resolution of 100 m using Maxent method based on presence-only data and ten predictor variables including three topographic variables: elevation, slope and aspect. The results show that the most significant variables for both species are elevation, land cover which is the most important one for Amorpha fruticosa, and temperature annual range. Slope variable is significant for Lycium barbarum. Aspect is not significant. In terms of AUC discrimination measure, high values were achived for both species. AUC value for Amorpha fruticosa is 0,961 and 0,906 for Lycium barbarum. However, the realism and quality of the model is significantly influenced by the stage of invasion and also by complexity and accuracy of input data.
|
|
|
Invasive alien plants in Trebonsko region
Volfová, Barbora ; Vardarman, Johana (advisor) ; Naděžda, Naděžda (referee)
The Bachelor's thesis deals with the issue of invasive plant species. Following invasive plant species were mapped in the South Bohemian region of Třeboň: Canadian goldenrod (Solidago canadensis), Giant goldenrod (Solidago gigantea), Bohemian knotweed (Reynoutria x bohemica), Japanese knotweed (Reynoutria japonica), Sakhalin knotweed (Reynoutria sachalinensis) and Himalayan balsam (Impatiens glandulifera). The goal of this thesis was to map the above-mentioned species in one part of Stropnice Site of Community Importance and its surroundings. Furthermore, the thesis also aimed to record the most frequently colonized biotopes according to the invaded locations. The results show that Canadian goldenrod colonized seventeen locations and therefore it is one of the most invasive species. Next, Himalayan balsam was found in seven locations and Japanese knotweed in five locations. Last, Bohemian knotweed and giant goldenrod each colonized only one location. In this area, such species most often invade biotopes affected by people and locations near water resources. The plants also grow mostly in wet localities.
|
|
|
Invasive alien plants in Trebonsko region
Vaněčková, Kateřina ; Vardarman, Johana (advisor) ; Justová, Helena (referee)
This thesis focuses on the issue of invasive plant species around the Stropnice Special Area of Conservation located in the region of Třeboň.
The aim of this thesis was to map following invasive plant species: Canadian goldenrod (Solidago canadensis), Giant goldenrod (Solidago gigantea), Japanese knotweed (Reynoutria japonica), Sakhalin knotweed (Reynoutria sachalinensis), Himalayan balsam (Impatiens glandulifera) and Giant hogweed (Heracleum mantegazzianum).
The locations of the above-mentioned species were mapped using GPS. The data were then digitized and map outputs were created using the ArcGIS 10.2.2 program. These outputs identified the expansion of the invasive plant species.
The results showed that giant hogweed is not located in the mapped area, but the other mapped invasive plant species were found there. These species most often invaded the biotope of mesic Arrhenatherum meadows (T1.1), followed by
tall-sedge beds (M1.7) and anthropogenic areas with sporadic vegetation outside human settlements (X6).
The problem of invasive plant species can be solved by their removal and by educating the general public about the risks these plants pose.
|
|
|
Habitat sutability for invasive plants spread in PLA Kokořínsko
Kofránková, Petra ; Pěknicová, Jana (advisor) ; Martin, Martin (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the occurrence of main invasive species in PLA Kokořínsko_Máchův kraj using field data acquisition method
Three invasive plant species have been identified in the area of interest. The geographical information on these tree species were collected via on-site terrain mapping using a GPS device and the aerial imagery as supporting mapping tool.
Invasive species are found at 12 of 16 cadastral areas. Most affected are the human-influenced habitats, soil type cambisol.
|
|
|
Možnosti eradikace nepůvodního a potenciálně invazivního druhu Calotropis procera na ostrově Sokotra
Šteflová, Gabriela
Calotropis procera, tree native in northern Africa and western and southern Asia, was introduced to Socotra for more than a century ago and is one of 87 non-native species of the local flora. Although in some places of the planet the species has invasive character, on Socotra it is not considered as dangerous. Especially in the north of the island near the capital Hadibo it is however abundantly represented in home gardens and could have an impact on local vegetation. During the field investigation, it has been found that as long as the vegetation of the island would be under intensive pressure of livestock, especially goats, Calotropis procera would not have invasive character outside fenced gardens. Mature individuals from the wild would be appropriate to reduce mechanically using common tools, mainly by cutting them because potential shoots would be rapidly eliminated by grazing.
|
|
|
Monitoring invazních a nepůvodních rostlin v povodí řeky Svratky
Ševčíková, Alice
This bachelor thesis deals with monitoring of invasive and non-native plants in the catchment area of the Svratka river at the following locations: Brněnská přehrada, Modřice and Tišnov. The studied areas were located on the bank of the river Svratka, on agricultural land near the bank and a few meters from the catchment on uncultivated agricultural land. As monitoring methods were used Zurich-Montpelier phytosociological school. To assess trends in the spread of invasive plants were compared to current images the images from the 70s, which were taken from the Czech national phytosociological database. From the research I draw conclusion that in the past more native species occured, but currently are dominated by non-native species with invasive potential.
|
|
| |
|
| |
guest ::
