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Julien Green's journals and autobiographic writings
Suchá, Radka ; Jamek, Václav (advisor) ; Voldřichová - Beránková, Eva (referee)
Julien Green (1900-1998) was the famous novelist of the 20th century. He was dealing with spiritual and moral dilemmas in his novels, which were among others due to his life experience with several faiths. He was also the author of an extensive diary and autobiographical works. He was keeping diary from young age and covers almost the entire 20th century. His aim was not to describe events, rather to let his thoughts, observations and dilemmas took shape. This work aims to explore that angle of Green's work and reveal its character. It will thematically examine specific centers of interest through this work, focusing on the relationship that exists between the diaries and autobiographical prose, whether by consensus or differences in the content, but also in the form of works. The final goal is to transcribe a specific form of statements about himself, which Julien Green created. Keywords autobiography, introspection, christianity, history, intimacy
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The religious and political Background of the beginning of the First Crusades Founding
Novotný, Lukáš ; Hrdlička, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Lášek, Jan Blahoslav (referee)
7 ABSTRACT Title: THE RELIGIOUS AND POLITICAL BACKGROUD OF THE BEGINNING OF THE FIRST CRUSADES FOUDING The objective of this diploma thesis The religious and political Background of the beginning of the First Crusade Fouding is, to present the circumstances and the events, which preceded the beginning of the First Crusade on basis of examining literature. Further the thesis aims to clarify the three significant civilizations (European, Byzantine and Muslim), which participated in the crusade. The thesis itself is divided in several main sections: 1. Holy Land and the pilgrimage (pilgrim) tradition 2.Christians and Muslims fighting before the First Crusade. 3. Turbulent wartime conditions in Western Europe after the collapse of the Carolingian Empire. 4. The struggle for investiture. 5. Convening of the expedition. 6. The main leaders of the First Crusade. 7. Europe, Byzantium and the Muslim world of the XIth century - religion, life, culture and philosophy. 8. The World of Western Europe in the XIth century 9. World of the XIth century Byzantine Empire 10. World of the Muslim Asia Minor in the XIth century. 11. The chroniclers of the First Crusade. While studying the topic I mostly used secondary literature. Mainly I relied on the first volume of the work A History of the Crusades, which is a high quality...
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Appaloosa breeding and their utilization
Zuzjaková, Eva ; Neumann, Cyril (advisor) ; Starostová, Lucie (referee)
This bachelor thesis is a summary of the basic information about breeding and utilization of appaloosa. A dominant characteristic of appaloosa is an attractive color coat pattern, which is caused through a set of genes called Leopard Complex (Lp). That is the reason, why in this thesis, at first, the history of presence of the Lp in genus Equus takes place. The presence of Lp can be found already in many cave paintings of prehistoric horses. During domestication, the coat pattern became important. The horses of the same color coat pattern, which have today appaloosa, are depicted in the Celts, Scythians and Etruscans tombs, as well as in murals of Chinese and Egyptian cultures. Significant breeding of the spotted horses are also documented in the Ferghana Valley in eastern Uzbekistan. In Europe at 16th century horses were expanded and a lot of them have spotted coat pattern. Then the Spanish settlers imported these horses to the America, where Nez Perce Indian tribe bred horses, which we know today as Appaloosa.
Furthermore, in this thesis the Appaloosa breed organization, which belongs complete to Appaloosa Horse club of America, is described. The breeding standard and characteristics, which are color coat pattern, mottled skin, visible white sclera and striped hooves are inducted. Seven various types of coat pattern and tree types of registration are also described.
The major problems in the appaloosa breed are inherited diseases. In this thesis the most serious five of them are identified. It is CSNB, congenital stationary night blindnes associated with a homozygous variant of LP gene. HYPP, hyperkalaemic periodic paralysis, which causes muscle spasm of affected horses. This disease was obtained from quarter horses. HERDA - Hereditary Equine Regional Dermal Asthenia which causes irreversible damage to exposed skin. Another serious disease is PSSM, polysaccharide storage myopathy, which is one of many myopathy occuring in horses. The latter disease is lethal GBED. Affected foals lack the enzyme GBE which is necessary for the synthesis and storage of glycogen. In spite of the improving precautions, these diseases have not been fully eliminated from breeding.
Further, there are given the possibilities of using Appaloosa horses in sports, hobby and ranch works. The system of shows and their ratings is described as well.
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Change trajectories of wood-pastures focusing on changes in management
Čermáková, Kamila ; Skaloš, Jan (advisor) ; Pavel, Pavel (referee)
This thesis is focused on monitoring changes in the trajectory of wood-pasture mainly in changes in management. The main goal of research was land-cover according to the Imperial prints and current orthophoto maps. Area of interest is located in the Stredocesky and the Ustecky region, specifically my intereset was six historic regions in the Midwestern Bohemia, which had the largest landscape heterogeneity.
The first part describes the historical development of wood-pastures, their definition and the current status. Information was obtained from the Czech and foreign literature. Another part deals with specific trajectories in the area of interest. Changes in wood-pasture from mid-19th century to the present day were compared by program ArcGIS. In conclusion you can find the evaluation of the results by graphs, tables and verbal evaluation of the likely causes of changes in trajectory.
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Analysis and evaluation of landscape changes - case study Ricany
Bělunková, Šárka ; Skaloš, Jan (advisor) ; Pavel, Pavel (referee)
In this study is researched historical development of the Říčany landscape. Using stable cadastre maps, aerial photographs from 1953 and current aerial photographs is researched the development of the landscape elements. Further the spatial analyzess of defelopment these landscape elements are performed. Based on scientific texts and in cooperation with the Museum of Říčany city are discussed causes of identified landscape changes. The greatest changes were observed in arable land. In this landscape element decreased the total area from 63,40 % to 38,69 %. In this place, there occurred mainly for the development of built-up areas (from 0,76 % to 10,42 %) and urban green areas (from 1,20 % to 18,17 %). On the other hand, the most constant remained the forests. This area was increased by only 1,84 % and their spatial area kept almost unchanged. The data collected in this work could be used theoretically and also practically. Theoretical use consist in understanding of the functioning of landsccape changes. Practically, the results could be used by the municipal authority as a basis for various landscape adjustments of the Říčany city.
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Changes in wetlands - change trajectories, causes
Brašna, Vlastimil ; Skaloš, Jan (advisor) ; Josef, Josef (referee)
This thesis analyzes the historical development of wetlands in corn production areas in Moravia, Czech Republic. Wetlands were analyzed changes in time and space for a period of 180 years.
The main objective is to analyze the development of wetland habitats in the landscape using old maps, aerial photographs and GIS. The bases were of the Imperial Imprints of the Stable cadastre from the first half of the 19th century and contemporary orthophoto. There were also used GIS layers of the current location of wetlands, farmland, forests, rivers and waterways. In historical documents were evaluated by two categories 1) wet meadows and 2) swamps and marshes. In the current surface are only evaluated wetlands.
The total area is 18054 ha. The area of wetlands dramatically decreased from 108 ha in the first half of the 19th century on 14 ha in 2015. Most of the wetlands have been converted to agricultural land - arable land (72 %), meadows and pastures (12 %). Wetlands succession was transformed to bushes (5,4 %). There was 5 % of the deaths of wetlands built and drained. Most wetlands have been transformed due to the pressure on the production function of the landscape in order to get more food. In the first half of the 19th century it was dominated by wet meadows, they had 684 ha. Despite the disappearance of a large part of the wetlands created new wetlands, which have 12.4 hectares. Most newly created wetlands are located in the cadastral area of Mutěnice. Only one wetland (1.68 ha) remained unchanged, located in cadastral Čejč. This wetland had a history of more land (25.15 hectares) and has been linked with Čejčské Lake.
The main result of this work is to determine the trajectories of development of wetland ecosystems in the lowlands of Moravia. Descriptions of these trajectories have contributed to understanding influences on the development of wetlands. Results wetlands contribute to the development of knowledge in the field of landscape ecology. The results can be used to restore extinct wetlands and creation of new wetlands in the historic wet meadows. The information obtained can be used in landscape planning with regard to the protection and management of wetlands.
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Change trajectories of wood pastures using landscape metrics (Hradec Kralove Region)
Zemanová, Martina ; Skaloš, Jan (advisor) ; Pavel, Pavel (referee)
This work is focused on wood-pastures and their change trajectory and evolution since 1845 to present time. Research was conducted in selected cadastral areas in region Hradec Králové. In the intoduction of the work are defined pastures, wood-pastures and benefits of this active management. It focuses on changes in land-covers in places of historic pastures, their extinction, creation and continuous exsistence. The main sources of informations are historical maps and the field research.
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Climate operation at the turn of the 18th and 19th century in memories of F.J. Vavák
Málková, Štěpánka ; Soukupová, Jana (advisor) ; Vokoun, Martin (referee)
This thesis focuses on documentary sources, mainly chronicles and memoirs of historical and contemporary terms and their use for meteorological purposes. The climate in the end 18th and the beginning 19th centuries, influenced mainly conclude the Little Ice Age, which was characterized by a strong cooling and temperature fluctuations. Memories of F. J. Vavák, neighbour and mayor of Milčice were investigated from the years 1770 to 1816 and evaluated records on weather and other factors affecting the climate and the evolution of agricultural crops between the years 1770-1816. This work also describes the historical context and inclusion in the context of historical and climatological during arising from the memories of František J. Vavák and impact on the life of the time population.
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A Comparison of Bird Abundance in Different Types of Rural Settlements along the Czech-Austrian Border
Třeská, Klára ; Zasadil, Petr (advisor) ; Hodačová, Lenka (referee)
Abstract
Along with the changes in the management of human, which took place from the mid-20th century, bird populations changed the balances. The aim of my thesis is to determine the differences in the abundance and distribution of selected species of synanthropic birds. These concern of the following species: House sparrow (Passer domesticus), Tree sparrow (Passer montanus), Collared dove (Sreptopelia decaocto), Common linnet (Carduelis cannabina), White wagtail (Motacilla alba), Common chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs), Black redstart (Phoenicurus ochruros), European goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis), Common starling (Sturnus vulgaris), European greenfinch (Carduelis chloris) and European serin (Serinus serinus). Using the simplified method of mapping (Bibby et al. 1992), the bird census took place in spring 2015 in 20 villages on the Czech-Austrian border. Counting squares were set in each village for different types of environment: the center of the village, edge of village and agricultural area including farm building with livestock.
The results confirm the dependence of house sparrow to agricultural areas with breeding livestock in the Czech Republic. Abundance, density and frequency was evaluate for each species separately. Effect of biotope and state were significant effects only for House sparrow population. Factors of poultry and built up area were significant for White wagtail bird. Effect of state was significant for bird species Collared dove. There were no effects for Tree sparrows populations.
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The documentation of the educational trail "Dobrošov" fort (Czech Republic)
Kopecký, Tomáš ; Skalický, Milan (advisor) ; Jan, Jan (referee)
The educational trail Dobrošov fort is situated in the village of the same name. It is an advance specified marked route which leads in the footsteps of the border fortification from 1935 - 1938.
The length of the route is approximately 4 km and visitors are mainly informed about historically interesting places in the surrounding and about the events before World War II. Historical affairs are presented in the form of information panels at individual stops. The panels tell visitors not only about historical military facts of 20th century but also about the building of the fortress fortification Dobrošov.
The educational trail has eight official stops. On the route, visitors can see additional panels with the description of the light fortification and they learn interesting things about the surrounding.
The content of this thesis is a brief characteristic of events in Czechoslovakia before World War II. There is a description of the fortification system of a fort at that time in Europe and Czechoslovakia. Furthermore, this thesis deals with educational trails in general from the viewpoint of their functionality and equipment. This study points out legislation and illustrates new trends of this form of tourism.
The aim of this thesis was to document the educational trail Dobrošov fort, with the focus on historical events of fortification building in Czechoslovakia before World War II. The analysis of the trail and information panels was conducted. A questionnaire survey found out the needs of visitors and highlights the usefulness of this trail. The questionnaire survey had another important role for findings of stated hypotheses. Four scientific hypotheses were formulated. The first one is if the access to more objects increases, its attractiveness and attendance will also increase. The second hypothesis is whether the visitors are satisfied with the infrastructure of the educational trail. Furthermore, the awareness of the educational trail helps to its high attendance, and both citizens and tourists will be happy about a fortification extension which also includes the preservation of decaying objects in the surrounding. The used methods for achieving these aims were the observation and questionnaire survey in the location of the educational trail.
The conclusion shows that the access to more objects will increase the attractiveness and attendance of the trail. However, the visitors are not satisfied with the infrastructure of the trail. The awareness of the educational trail contributes to the high attendance. The hypothesis that local citizens and tourists will be happy about the trail extension which includes the preservation of decaying objects in the surrounding was disproved.
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