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Business Cycle from The Viewpoint of Monetary and Credit Variables
Metrah, Samy ; Mandel, Martin (advisor) ; Koderová, Jitka (referee)
The master's thesis critically analyses the works of John Maynard Keynes and Friedrich August von Hayek concering the explanation of business cycles based on monetary determinants. The analysis is primarily based on J. M. Keynes's Treatise on Money (1930) and Prices and Production (1935) author of which is F. A. Hayek. The thesis, on one hand, refutes the main explanation of the cause of business cycles of the Austrian business cycle theory and, on the other hand, it argues the imcompatibility of the main analytical tool of Treatise with the theory of innovation by J. A. Schumpeter.
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Manufacture of massive castings and their defects
Doležal, Petr ; Martínek, Ludvík (referee) ; Záděra, Antonín (advisor)
Object of this master’s thesis is accomplished analyze the range of foundry of steel ŽĎAS a.s., Zdar nad Sazavou and make the type massive steel castings and analysis of existing technology foundry and metallurgical defect. The beginning of this master’s thesis is dedicated to the manufacturing of steel foundries range ŽĎAS a.s., Zdar nad Sazavou. The following section is devoted to manufacturing technologies for the production of massive steel castings. In the final part of this thesis are described metallurgical and foundry defects of the typical castings of steel foundry and proposals to eliminate these undesirable defects. End thesis includes a summary of the results and trends in the development of research in the production of massive steel casting.
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Hazard analysis of nanoparticles in the workplace environment and design of protective measures against their side effects
Skřehotová, Marcela ; Tesařová, Eva (advisor) ; Mráz, Jaroslav (referee)
The diploma thesis is focused on so called new risks, which currently include the risks associated with various nanomaterials - their production, introduction into practice and use. The paper summarizes the up-to-date knowledge about the characteristics of nanoparticles used and it proposes a procedure to estimate potential consequences of their exposure. The experimental part of the paper is represented by a case study, which introduces the practical application of the proposed procedure aiming at estimated exposure to nanoparticles on the workplace where metal working is executed and resulting occupational risks. The aim of this part of the study was to measure selected parameters of aerosols using a special measuring system working on the principle of laser photometry combined with diffusion charger and detector using Faraday cage. The object of the measurements was to determine the numerical concentration of nanoparticles present in working environment and the representation of size groups of submicron particles. The measurement procedure was designed in accordance with ČSN EN 689, ČSN EN ISO 16000-1 and ČSN ISO 8756 standards and data gained were subsequently interpreted. Afterwards the results were used to design the measures to reduce the risk of health damage when facing chronic inhalation...
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Comparison of old and current cine lenses in combination with modern digital camera
Jakubec, František ; HOJDA, Petr (advisor) ; MIKŠ, Antonín (referee)
A Director of Photography has many artistic possibilities when working with cine lenses. Today, we can produce many optical effects in digital post-productions; however, working with lenses and with their defects (aberrations) is very interesting when you use them with modern recording technology. This thesis examines a small part of these issues. The theoretical part is about general qualities of optical systems, their aberrations, and measurement of picture quality. Furthermore, there is also a description of the movie camera and lenses, which were used for testing. The analytical part is about analyzing real footage from tests.
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Fytochemical potencial of polyfenols contain in berries
KRUMPHANZLOVÁ, Iva
This thesis sums up findings on polyphenols and their positive influence on human health. In these fytochemicals, unlike in micronutrients, recommended daily amount cannot be estimated. Micronutrient deficiency in food can cause deficiency symptoms, while in polyphenol deficiency, the deficiency does not occur. When they are present in sufficient amount in food, it is considered functional food, which is important for civilization illnesses prevention. At the beginning of the theoretical part, the polyphenol classification from pharmacological and chemical point of view is represented. On the basis of this classification important role of antioxidants and flavonoids is described. Special attention is being paid to resveratrol, which is populardue to its well known "French paradox". The following part considers the polyphenol influence on human health. The way in which polyphenols protect our body from certain diseases is explained in detail. Most of the health benefits are supported by studies conducted on animals. These studies are also mentioned and described in this paper. In the theoretical part the process of absorption and the polyphenols safety for human body is also explained. Polyphenol sources are listed in the last subchapter. The work is mainly aimed at blueberry fruits (Vaccinium myrtillus) and vine grapes (Vitis vinifera). Other berries are briefly mentioned as well, such as cranberries, raspberries, blackberries and currant. The goal of this work is to create a diet that would provide a functional daily amount of polyphenols. This amount can be compared to 120 ml of native blueberries. Only products, consumable without cooking, are used in this diet. The second goal is to chart, which food products are adequate source of polyphenols. On the basis of these goals, research inquiries were defined. Research inquiry No. 1: What amount of polyphenols is contained in berries, especially blueberries. Research inquiry No. 2: Which food products (without cooking) are ideal to be included in diet, to provide adequate daily amount of polyphenols. To asses polyphenol content in blueberries, analysis of polyphenol content acquired through GEOMED program from Nemocnice České Budějovice a.s., department of clinical pharmacology, was used. Assessments were made using the HPLC method (high performance liquid chromatography) in cooperation with the biological centre AV ČR in České Budějovice. Thanks to this analysis, the first inquiry can be answered. An interesting phenomenon is discovered, that frozen blueberries have higher polyphenol content then cooled ones. Malvidin (malvidin-3-6"-acetoyl glycoside) was chosen as priority anthocyan since it is most represented in the blueberry. Remaining information about polyphenol content in certain food products were drawn on Joseph Maroon´s book, MD, FACS (2010). The practical part involves a diet for 14 days, which meets the given requirements. The results clearly show that it is possible to create a diet rich in polyphenols. A list of blueberry products accessible to everyone is included. Blueberry dairy products, jams, beverages, fruit salads and fruit pyre have been analysed. The list shows which product contains the most polyphenols. The required amount can be achieved by the proper combination of given products. The ideal one proved to be 200 ml of red wine and one blueberry dairy product (with the malvidin value higher than 64). Findings in this paper will serve to promote polyphenol awareness and itseffects. This diet can be used in nursing homes, where their positive influence on equilibrium can be applied. It can also be used in spas and other alimentation related facilities.
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Elimination of consequences of famine in North Korea
Horák, Petr ; Zemanová, Štěpánka (advisor) ; Volenec, Otakar (referee)
Elimination of consequences of humanitarian crisis is generally a complicated process. Especially, in countries whose goverments are not able to secure convenient conditions for humanitarian workers' activities. This is also the case of North Korea, which was struck by famine in 90's. Although, the country is still suffering from structural problems and has been accepting humanitarian aid on a long time basis, the attitude of the government towards any cooperation with international organizations is complicated. Inspite of the fact that there has been a significant progress and improvement in agriculture, DPRK still remains vulnerable to swinging production. This is caused by abrupt weather changes. The thesis summarizes the causes of the crisis and evaluates up to now results of DPRK on its way to reach food security.
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The influence of literature on the process of standardising the Kajkavian language region
Jirásek, Karel ; Kvapil, Miroslav (advisor) ; Rychlík, Jan (referee) ; Vinkler, Jonatan (referee)
The dissertation looks at the influence that literary works have had on the process of the language standardisation of the Croatian Kajkavian language. At the same time it follows the formation of the standard Slovenian language in Slovenian literature. Despite the fact that Kajkavian dialects are neighbours to the Slovenian dialects and are closely related to them, the language standardisation of the Kajkavian and Slovenian languages took place independently of each other, influenced by different historical conditions, and is therefore two separate processes which, however, are subject to the same regularities. The introduction looks at the European context of the formation of literatures in national languages and the fundamental changes that occurred following the expansion of book-printing. In it the author describes the factors that had an impact on the genre composition and literary production in national languages. The expansion of book-printing also caused the need for creating and standardising languages incorporating several dialects over larger territories. In this part the beginnings of Croatian and Slovenian book-printing are discussed and also a comparison is made with the situation in the Czech lands and the German and Italian environment. The main part of the dissertation deals with two...
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Why Does the Instant Food Consumption Decline? Analysis of Demand Determinants
Pazdera, Martin ; Koubek, Ivo (advisor) ; Špecián, Petr (referee)
There has been a significant decline in instant food market. I investigate the determinants of demand for instant food in this thesis. Oligopoly market structure motivates me to investigate the demand for instant food produced by particular firm. I use yearly and quarterly scanner data for instant food sales on the retail market in Czech Republic in the empirical part of the thesis. The yearly data analysis finds healthy diet trend as a possible cause of instant food market decline. According to quarterly data analysis I find instant food as an inferior good with income elasticity -0,6295. Both these factors can affect stagnant or decreasing revenues of instant food producers. Analysis of demand for instant food produced by particular firm illustrates strong relation between demanded quantity of producer's instant food and prices of his own and competing production. This indicates that price increase is not an optimal strategy in order to stabilize revenues of instant food producer.
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Financial Analysis of the Selected Firm
Frej, Jan ; Srba, Lukáš (referee) ; Pernica, Martin (advisor)
This thesis focuses on the evaluation of the selected company’s financial situation in the years 2007 - 2011. It details methods of financial analysis and their application in the selected company, assesses individual indicators and identifies shortcomings. Based on these findings, there are proposed measures in area of outstandings and liabilities, liquidity, productivity and profitability that will lead to rectification of deficiencies and preservation of financial stability and the financial health of the company.
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Freezing technology of bull sperm in relation to its survivability and fertilization ability
Doležalová, Martina ; Stádník, Luděk (advisor) ; Jiří, Jiří (referee)
The aim of optimalization the insemination doses production is to provide the highest fertilization ability of spermatozoa during the demanding proces of processing fresh semen and its subsequent cryopreservation. Temperature changes causes spermatozoa damage during the cooling and freezing. Spermatozoa is exposed to cold shock and many others limiting factors, which leads to cell death and therefore to decline of fertilization ability of thawed insemination doses. For increasing spermatozoa resistance, exactly the plasma membrane resistance against cold shock was fraction of egg yolk LDL cholesterol (low density lipoprotein) at various concentrations into the comercially produced diluents added. It is believed that LDL acts possitively to plasma membrane and helps to maintain the fertilization ability of spermatozoa after thawing. Following step in the proces of insemination doses production is slow cooling of diluted semen and equilibration, when the straws are store at cooling box for 30 minutes to 240 hours. This period is necessary to penetrate of certain diluent components into the spermatazoa also maintain the balance between their intracellular and extracellular concentration. Also important is subsequent freezing temperature gradient of insemination doses. The most suitable freezing method is based on computer controlled temperature decline in freezing chamber which allows the precise control of ice crystals formation that could tear and kill the cell.
During 2012 to 2016 was repeatedly collected semen from the group of breeding bulls (n = 27, Holstein and Czech Fleckvieh breed) at AI centre. Semen which fulfill the standard entrance conditions in first step was evenly into several parts divided. For dilution the three types of comercially diluents AndroMed, Bioxcell and Triladyl with and without LDL addition were used. Into the diluents AndroMed and Bioxcell the concentration of LDL 4 %, 6 % and 8% into the dilent Triladyl 6 %, 8 % and 10 % was added. Diluted semen was filled into the glass capillares with volume 0,1 ml and temperature +4 °C. Subsequently the sample was placed to cold bath (0°C) for 10 minutes. Then the volume of capillare with physiological solution (37 °C) was mixed and for next 120 minutes was incubate. The effect of cold shock to proportion of live spermatozoa was evaluated by using Eosin and Nigrosine staining technique during heat test of spermatozoa survivability after spermatozoa heating and after 120 minutes of incubation.
The more suitable semen diluents which provide the higher spermatozoa resistance against cold shock were AndroMed and Bioxcell. Together the possitive effect of LDL addition into the diluents to lower decrease of proportion of live spermatozoa during heat test was found (P<0.05). The most suitable LDL concentration which had a favorable influence at spermatozoa resistance against cold shock was 6 % in diluent Bioxcell. Values of the proportion of live sperm were higher at the beginning of the heat test (+1.31% to + 3.2%) and after 120 minute incubation (+5.82% to +8.41%) compared to other diluents with and without addition of LDL.
In the next step the process of equilibration was optimized, is an important part of insemination doses production. The effect of the length of equilibration for subsequent fertilization ability of spermatozoa was evaluated using spermatozoa motility based of CASA and proportion of live spermatozoa after thawing and during heat survival test lasting 120 minutes (37 ° C). Suitable semen was diluted by comercially used diluent AndroMed based on soya lecithin, filled into the straws (0.25 ml), cooled and equilibrated in cooling box for 30, 120 and 240 minutes and freezed in programmable freezing box applying four types of freezing curves differing in temperature rate decline. There was used standard and by producer recommended 3. phase freezing curve, then 2. phase freezing curve, and 3. phase freezing curve with slower as well as rapid decline of temperature rate in freezing chamber, compared with standard freezing curve. The highest spermatozoa motility was found using 240 minutes of equilibration by +2.72% and +4.58% compared to other lengths of equilibration (P <0.05 to 0.01). The highest proportion of live spermatozoa was found using 120 minutes of equilibration (+6.87 % and +8.68 %). The highest average spermatozoa motility during heat test after thawing was achieved by using 2. phase freezing curve (from +2.97% to +10.37%, P <0.05), also in the proportion of live spermatozoa (from + 4.37% to +8.82%, P <0.01). When evaluating interaction between the length of equilibration and freezing curve (standard 3. phase and 2 . phase freezing curve), the highest average spermatozoa motility and proportion of live spermatozoa using 240 minutes of equilibration by both freezing curves was reached, there was no statistically significant differences. As well as, in all evaluated parts of this study the individual differences between ejaculate of bulls and within semen from one bull (P <0.05) as secondary effect were found.
To maintain good fertilization ability of semen during cryopreservation is necessary to increase the spermatozoa resistance against cold shock using addition of correct concentration of LDL into the commercially used diluents AndroMed and Bioxcell. Subsequently the fertilization ability of insemination dose is influenced by cooling, the length of equilibration and freezing. The length of equilibration 120 minutes and more as well as gentle way of freezing according to freezing curve, which ensures a gradual decrease of temperature in freezing chamber provided the higher average spermatozoa motility and proportion of live spermatozoa.
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