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Supervision in psychiatric nursing
RŮŽIČKOVÁ NEUŽILOVÁ, Michaela
Basic theoretical background The theoretical part of the thesis explores the issue of supervision and focuses on psychiatric nursing. It is divided into several parts. The first part is focused on supervision, briefly characterizes supervision as such, then it describes its divisions, functions and methods. It also explores the participants of supervision, the agreement on supervision, transcultural supervision and Balint groups. The following part describes historical development of psychiatric nursing, briefly presents the personality of Joyce E. Travelbee. In the conclusion of the theoretical part of the thesis the problems of education and competence of nurses in psychiatric care are introduced, marginally mentioning the Turku declaration. The aim of the work The main aim of the thesis is to investigate the awareness of nurses working in psychiatric care of the clinical supervision options. The task of the second objective is to find out the opinion on supervision of nurses working in psychiatric care. The third objective is focused on means to assist nurses working in psychiatric care in their personal development and growth within their practices. The purpose of the fourth objective is to find experience with supervision of nurses working in psychiatric care. The methods used Qualitative investigation was chosen for the empirical part of the thesis. The method used for data collection was in the form of semi-structured interview. The interviews with the respondents were taken down using a voice recorder and transcribed, qualitative data was then analyzed by pencil and paper encoding technique and semantically organized into 27. groups of categorization. The selection of a research sample was intentional, consisting of twelve nurses working in psychiatric care in the Czech Republic. Results The research focused on nurses who do not have personal experience with supervision revealed that they have certain awareness of the supervisory process, however not quite sufficient to be able to describe the nature and function of supervision in its entirety. Their knowledge is rather theoretical. They understood supervision as help to solve disharmonious relationships in the workplace, as well as it could improve communication skills of the nurses, it would also assist in dealing with crisis intervention and prevent burnout syndrome. The results regarding nurses who do not participate in the supervisory process clearly indicated that they have insufficient support and the opportunity for both their professional and personal growth in their workplace, while this important could be solved by supervision. The research, which covered only nurses who have had personal experience with supervision and regularly participate in it, showed that their knowledge and skills related to the supervision process are quite sufficient to be able to understand and use supervision practically in the whole range. These nurses sees supervision as a benefit that would allow them not only to understood themselves, but also to learn how to manage challenging situations that are a part of their profession. Supervision gives them confidence, provides support and teaches them to deal with people who are part of their work process. Supervision has become a tool for preventing burnout and showed them how to use their own potential effectively. Conclusion This thesis is focused on the use of supervision in psychiatric nursing. Working with mentally challenged patients is very demanding, therefore supervision plays its justified role there. If you do not know yourself and you are not able to solve your own problems, you can never effectively and comprehensively address the problems of others, who are often desperately waiting for your help. The results will be presented at professional seminars designed not only to nurses working in psychiatric care.
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Narcolepsy and other seizure disorders
TONDLOVÁ, Andrea
The thesis deals with the issue of seizure disorders from the perspective of special neurology. In terms of content, it is focuses on two major areas. The first part is theoretical in nature and has descriptions of the individual disorders, their clinical manifestations, diagnoses and current treatments. It is focused on the following seizure disorder group with regard to one of the objectives of the work: epilepsy, tetany, Meniere's syndrome, migraine and more specifically narcolepsy. These findings are supplemented with information on current knowledge regarding the treatment and diagnoses of these diseases, which make the lives of thus disables people very difficult and prevent them from leading their lives the way they could if they were in full health. The aim of the work is not just a theoretical description of the currently available knowledge of these diseases from literature, but also a practical confrontation thereof from experiences, which in this case result from the true stories of people suffering from seizure disorders. A specific seizure disorder has been selected for this second part of my thesis, which needs to be talked about more in order to become better known. It is a disorder that is interchangeable with regard to its symptoms, which are similar to other disorders, and it is difficult to diagnose or is only diagnosed after an inconveniently long time - i.e. Narcolepsy . The thesis therefore deals with the issue of narcolepsy in most detail, with regard to the practical focus in the next section, where in addition to aforementioned basic knowledge, the author describes the activities and the importance of sleep laboratories and centres as institutions involved in treatment. In order to penetrate into the issue of this disorder even more deeply, she adds the aforementioned anonymous stories of people affected in this way. This part is also complemented with illustrative images of the sleep laboratory and the stories of these people as a better visual complement of the thesis for the reader. A descriptive analysis (comparison) of each symptom was chosen as a comparative method of the aforementioned thesis objective (to compare the theoretically given symptoms of narcolepsy with the symptoms of individuals suffering from this disease), in which the goal was to choose the common symptoms these people which make their lives difficult and compare these data with information (symptoms of narcolepsy) found in contemporary literature. In conclusion, we visit the most important information from scientific literature, the views of the professional community on the current research and studies on narcolepsy, i.e. the specifically examined causal links of applying the Pandemrix vaccine (against swine flu) and narcolepsy and a summary of the results of other studies investigating the etiology of this disease. The aim of this section is to present the reader with, and identify, the current developments in narcolepsy research. An evaluation of the historical development of interest in sleep disorders and an evaluation of the conclusions drawn by comparing symptoms specified in professional literature on narcolepsy with actual symptoms of people suffering from this disease are also included. The aim is to provide the reader with a bio-psycho-social view of a person with this disease, which is not always emphatically discussed in every piece of professional literature. The result of the entire thesis is a summary of the current state of knowledge of these diseases and a reflection on the research of the current possible causes of narcolepsy. It continues to compare the theoretical background of the narcolepsy disorder with the experience of living with this disease, including stories of selectively chosen individuals suffering from narcolepsy.
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Students´ motivation for the work in social sphere
DUCHOŇOVÁ, Kristýna
The topic of this bachelor thesis is the motivation of students to work in the social sphere. Selecting a domain is an important milestone in the life of each of us, the aim of the work is to determine what factors affect the young person during the election field with a social focus and how his motives during his studies and during his practical experience varies.The work is divided into two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part describes the social work and its history, definition, ethical standards and goals. The work deals with the role of a social worker and describes his competence. Presents preconditions for occupational choice and the factors that influence this choice. It also deals with motivation, defines it and acquaints us with concepts such as motive, value or need. Work is affected by motivation theories and recalls the hierarchy of needs of Maslow. In the seclusion does not stay the work motivation in helping professions, questionable motives or burnout, which occurs currently in the social sphere more frequently than in other sectors. The practical part is focused on quantitative research, when the survey begins with primary school pupils who have just chosen their future focus. This part aims to determine what percentage of these students opted for the social sphere and what lead to this decision. Further quantitative research conducted among high school and college students who attend branch with a social focus. Here, the work reveals the most common and most important motives of students, satisfaction with the chosen field of study and their expectations of future studies and career. Here we will also learn how many students want after graduation stay in the field. In the practical part there is also a qualitative research, which complements the whole job. Semi-structured interviews are conducted with students, but also with a social worker. These respondents describe us closer their motivation for working in the social sphere. According to the results which this research brought, it can be stated that most of the students choose a subject with a social focus to have the opportunity to help the others. But is true that many students are choosing a school prematurely and are influenced by the place of residence, their friends or the nature of the study, most of these people don´t know what they can expect from the field and are often discouraged during their studies. From this work could in practice benefit pupils and students who decide for the field of social affairs. For teachers working in schools where the research took place,could this work serve as a feedback. Especially the part which describes the differences between expectations and reality can be used.
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Ability of specially trained dogs to detect human scent which was exposed to different weather conditions over a long period
Machová, Lucie ; Vyplelová, Petra (advisor) ; Jaroslav, Jaroslav (referee)
Survivability of human scent was observed by many scientists mainly in artificial conditions (Hudson et al., 2009; Santariová et al. 2012; Preti et al., 2006). Against this exists a few researches about survivability of human scent in nature conditions (King et al., 1964; Santariová et al., 2016).
On glass tubes were taken individual humant scent from 6 volunteers. Target scents were left outdoor during 2 different periods of year. Winter samples from 3 target people were outdoor from November to May and summer samples from other 3 people from May to December. Always after 3, 4, 5 a 6 months was taken scent from 1 glass tube of each target person. After last time period was taken scent from target people on cotton textile. Scent of other volunteer was taken at the same time for purpose scent deceptions.
Then was observed if dogs will be able to identify these samples corectly. Specially trained dogs on scent identification line-ups get sample from outdoor environment and they should choose the identical human scent from line of 6 samples (with 1 target and 5 deceptions).
The experiment showed, that dogs are able to identify winter samples in all time periods but are not able to identify summer samples in whatever time period. Time periods do not show any diference.
The biggest influence on quality change of individual human scent has intensity of sun radiation.
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The Idea of Desert in Modern Arabic Short Stories
Šifaldová, Gabriela ; Ondráš, František (advisor) ; Oliverius, Jaroslav (referee)
This thesis examines the theme of desert as literary environment in modern Arabic short story. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the short story's texts dealing with the desert. This topic will be approached in terms of semantic-symbolic analysis, which will be matched by the relationship between nature and the environment as a landscape, and nature as a source of mythological and fantastic ideas, which are reflected in the life of literary figures and story construction. The work includes a search for an answer to the question of what is the diference between the author who has direct access to the desert and the other one who deals with urban or other environments according to the geographic origin. The work is divided into three parts, which then develop symbolic, mythological and anthropological analysis of selected texts. Key words: desert, Ibrahim al-Koni, symbols, mysticism, modern Arabic literature
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The use of (nano)oxides for metal and metalloid stabilization in contaminated soils
Michálková, Zuzana ; Komárek, Michael (advisor) ; Luke, Luke (referee)
The main objective of the thesis was to evaluate the potential of selected Mn and Fe (nano)oxides for the stabilization of metals and metalloids in contaminated soils. The research was focused basically on three materials - commercial nanomaghemite (Fe III), nanomagnetite (Fe II,III) and a synthetic amorphous Mn oxide (AMO). The main aim of the work was to provide a complex view on the chosen stabilizing amendments regarding not just their direct influence on contaminants mobility and stabilization mechanisms, but also their stability and alterations in soil conditions together with influence on soil microorganisms and higher plants. Firstly, adsorption properties of the tested materials towards Cd, Cu, Pb and As were investigated. In this context, the most effective material showed to be the AMO reaching one to two orders of magnitude higher adsorption capacities than Fe III and Fe II,III under given experimental conditions. Interestingly, the rate of As(V) adsorption onto AMO was increasing with increasing pH as a result of high pHzpc of the AMO (8.1) and significant dissolution of this phase at lower pH values. As a next step, the influence of (nano)oxides on metal(loid)s mobility and other physico-chemical soil characteristics after application to contaminated soil was examined. Again, the AMO proved to be the most efficient in reducing mobile pools of Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn and As. On the other hand, Fe III and Fe II,III addition had generally less significant effects on contaminants mobility. AMO application further resulted in an increase of soil pH connected with AMO dissolution and unwanted decomposition of soil organic matter. When (nano)oxides alterations in soil conditions were observed, MnCO3 coatings were identified on AMO surface while no significant changes were recorded for Fe III and Fe II,III. As the MnCO3 formation was connected with increased AMO stability, AMO particles synthetically covered with MnCO3 coating (denoted as SM AMO) were prepared. Although the SM-AMO had a lower mass loss in soil than pure AMO, the stabilizing efficiency was almost the same for both materials. The differences in surface composition of both materials were decreasing with time as MnCO3 naturally precipitated on the AMO surface in soils while the SM AMO coating was gradually dissolving. When investigating the effect on soil microbiota, AMO efficiently promoted soil microbial activity while no significant changes were observed in the case of Fe III and Fe II,III. The AMO was also able to reduce the uptake of Cd, Pb and Zn by sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), eliminate Zn phytotoxicity symptoms and increase biomass yield. On the other hand, toxic levels of Mn released from the AMO in an acidic soil were found in sunflower tissues. AMO application is thus recommended for contaminated neutral or slightly alkaline pH with a higher cation exchange capacity in order to avoid unwanted release of Mn. Finally, various types of AMO-biochar composite sorbents were recently prepared and field experiment focused on stabilization of Cd, Pb, Zn and As using studied materials is currently under preparation. The combined results from the thesis highlight the importance of a complex experimental approach dealing with all parts of the contaminated soil environment in order to obtain complete information about the efficiency and usefulness of any newly developed stabilizing amendment.
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NATURE AND THE CITY AS A SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENT FOR THE ORGANIZATION LEISURE ACTIVITES
KORYTÁROVÁ, Milena
This essay deals with the impact of enviroment on work of leisure time teacher. Discusses his activities in organizing games in different environments and under different conditions, the need for flexible thinking and ability to lead a group, so as thorough preparation that is necessary to achieve maximum experience. Further it closely analyse preparation and process of game affected by different enviroment in practice.
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Reproductive disorders in dogs
Szabová, Martina ; Rozinek, Jiří (advisor) ; Karlasová, Barbora (referee)
This labour is about reproductive disfunctions of dogs males and females. Prevention and early diagnostics can help to start with medical cure and finaly reinstate animal. Vaginal cytology is cheap, simple, considerate method, which helps define stage of females cycle or diagnose some patological conditions of organism. Bacterial cultivation of vagina or uterus shows natural microflora or pathogenical microorganism, who cause inflammation or sepsis. Sonography helps to find tumors,infections, mineralization or cysts.
The most common tumors are males prostate tumor or females tumor of mammary glands. New studies speculated about global genetic expresion of classification tumors depends on specific examples. Pyometra is one of the most common reproduction disease of females before they reaches ten years. It is an inflammation of uterus with cumulated septic fluid inside and mostly graduaded to ovariohisteroctomy. High concetration of chemokine helps to better diagnose inflammation of organism. Brucella cannis is serious disease, which seriously harms juveniles. In that case we talk about zoonosis which harms humans as well. Common tests who help us to diagnose problems are ELISA, PCR or serology. Canis herpes is expanded around whole world and its prevalency antibodies are very different. For detection of virus is mostly used VNT test, ELISA, PCR or hemaglutination. Abnormal sexual diferentiation is mostly disorder of females reprodaction system, abnormalties of chromosomes and defects on fenotype. Abnormal chromosomes we can categorize as syndrome XXY, syndrom XO, syndrom XXX or real hermaphrodites and chimers. Individuals with defects at gonades have chromosomes XX or XY, but their sexual glands are in contradiction with chromoses. Fenotype problems at individuals mostly have same chromoses as their sexual signs, but their fenotype does not fit to their sexual glands. For example pseudohermaphrodism.
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Revitalization of the chateau park in Choltice
Čermáková, Michaela ; Vaněk, Jan (advisor) ; František, František (referee)
This work has the task to assess the current situation of the chateau park and at the same time the game preserve in Choltice, and suggest its revitalization in order to rejuvenate the vegetation and making the field available for the general public. Choltice is a market town in the Pardubice region, approximately 15 km west from Pardubice. At the end of 17. century a baroque castle was built here, which belonged to the count Simon Thun. His family belonged it until 1945. The chateau and the park is now owned by the borough Choltice. The chateau neighbours with the extensive English park, which passes the chateau game preserve, which is since 1992 a nature reserve and an important European locality.
The diploma thesis contains a detailed theoretical basis and proposes solutions, which are directed both on the protection of the living conditions of protected and endangered species of a beetle Osmoderma eremita. This species occurs only rarely and his survival area is very limited, therefore it is necessary to create those conditions, and it is currently one of the main tasks of the revitalization.
The next step is to help revitalize the introduction of spontaneous breeding fallow deer in the game preserve. This idea is not new, the fallow deer were bred there until 1945. The town of Choltice is very inclined towards this idea about farming and supports it. To increase the number of visitors this diploma thesis contains a proposal for the creation of a nature trail, this area would attract wider public than so far.
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Human impact on creating the landscape
Lainová, Dana ; Janků, Jaroslava (advisor)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the differences in landscape structure caused by human influence in nature conservation area Czech paradise. It guide us though period from year 1955 until the present. It take into consideration both the previous and current landscape form, as for land area, landscape character, plant and animal association and abiotic factors. Bachelor work describes particular human influence on forming aspect of this natural heritage. It focuses on forestry and forest cover situation, agriculture and farmland. It does not forget hunting and its related situation of wild animals, fish farming which means purity of water. It will occupies water management and its watercourses modification. Least but not last it concentrates on infrastructure and related development and structural engineering. Attention will be aimed at sewage management, industry and natural raw materials extraction. It has to be mentioned the areas of tourism, mountain climbing and recreation, which should be kept only in marked areas and in accordance with nature conservation. Based on findings from individual areas is possible to compare what an impact did a human being on forming aspect of landscape of Czech paradise from year 1955 until the present. Even for such short time of history, it can be observed large change in landscape character or species association. For the future it will be necessary to reduce intensity of landscape recasting and more focus on conservation of indigenous of this nature heritage.
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