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Metaphysical essentials of Ladislav Klíma's philosophy
Kratochvíl, Jan ; Hogenová, Anna (referee) ; Rybák, David (referee)
This work focuses on the analysi s of methaphysical philosophy of a Czech writer and philosopher Ladislav Klíma. It studies his discourse with older philosophical tradition and his own sources of inspiration and demonstrates essential contradictions of the resulting philosophy - egosolism. The main focus of this work is in analysis of the transition of a certain methaphysical view on the world to ethical challenge and criticism of Christian faith as Klíma understood it. It is rather emotional than rational as Klíma's literary works show. They are also used to demonstrate his adherence to traditional methaphysical points of view. The final part of this work sums up Klíma's philosophical ideas from which inevitably stem these contradictions. A way of reading Klíma's body of work is offered which is indifferent to incoherences of Klíma's intelectual construct.
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Problem of Woman's Nature
Průšková, Adéla ; Hogenová, Anna (advisor) ; Rybák, David (referee)
The main subject of this thesis is feminine nature. The goal is to capture the essence of womanhood in the entirety of the world. There is a difference between the experience of a woman's life and the world around her. We must therefore ask how the world around us is set up, what nature itself entails, how the society views a woman and how a woman views herself. The work is divided into three main parts. The first part deals with the nature according to two of the most important thinkers of antiquity: Plato and Aristotle. The second section examines the nature and essence of womanhood as viewed by the French philosopher Simone de Beauvoir. In the final part, we discuss some of the phenomena related to the issue of womanhood nowadays, such as physicality, dignity, human culture and responsibility. The whole work shows that it is essential for us to demand freedom of self-realization which along with the need for cooperation of both genders in establishing basic rules of the world that men and women inhabit together, provides for women to self-realize freely in harmony with their own experience of the world. Keywords woman, nature, physis, freedom, the wholeness of the world, man's world, woman's world, transcendence
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Will-traits and self-education of students
Kačena, Petr ; Uhlář, Pavel (advisor) ; Kebza, Vladimír (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with volition, will traits and self-education of students. Volition is understood as a synthetic function of personality, evolutionary highest function of self-regulation and a limited cognitive source. Will traits are considered an outer manifestation of will, self-education (especially its Czech equivalent) is considered an outdated term that is being replaced by similar topics of research such as procrastination. Several philosophical and psychological concepts of will and self-regulation are outlined. Author concieves much of them similar, suggesting emotional, impulsive system (thymos, id, hot system) is usually put opposite to a rational system (logos, ego, cool system). Succesful self-regulation is therefore based on an ability to master the emomotional, hot system. Another part of the paper deals specifically with self-education and variables that are affecting it (individual traits, motives, time and stress, role of a teacher and group). Several methods of self-education are described: self-discovery, formulation of educational goals, precommitment, implementation intention, creating of a habit, reaching flow. The paper ends with a research proposal, that would measure individual differences of students in terms of personality traits (especially self-control and...
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The position of love in the spirituality of St. Francis de Sales
Svobodová, Jana ; Brož, Prokop (advisor) ; Houkal, Jan (referee)
The centre of S. Francis of Sales's spirituality is love. In my thesis, first of all, I deal with formative influences which formed his personality. This is the starting point in the discourse about Francis's theological optimism, its roots and its influence on the conception of God. For S. Francis God is esentially the God in Trinity, who share love in the highest manner also with a man through the mystery of Incarnation. Francis's conception of love that has its seat in the heart of a human being is connected with that conviction. In the very top of a heart there is the will which is called up to make decisions according to love that gives the true motivation. On the way of the growth of love the highest aim is the holy indifference, which enables God to act in a human heart according to His intentions. For S. Francis love to God is closely connected with love to a man who is the image of God. During his direction of souls to love S. Francis recommends first of all kindness and as the main mens a prayer and sacraments. The heart which has become fully pervaded with love, which loves and is loved, we can best contemplate at Virgin Mary.
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Comparison of Augustin and Thomas Aquinas philosophy and ethics
Havránek, Zdeněk ; Blažková, Miloslava (advisor) ; Hogenová, Anna (referee)
This Thesis deals with the philosophy and ethics of St.Thomas Aquinas and of St. Augustine. At first I characterize the time period then I am focusing on each cathegory concerning moral life of human being in the world such as God, soul, will, goodness, evil and happiness as well. My goal is to show the real purpose of human existence and to show how both philosophers understand individual topics, what is the same and different in their opinion.
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The Principles of Francisco Suarez's Political Power: Suarez's consent in the context of the theory of the social contract developing from 16th until 18th century
Koblížek, Jan ; Sousedík, Stanislav (advisor) ; Svoboda, David (referee) ; Altrichter, Michal (referee)
The Abstract The meaning of this dissertation thesis is to find out whether we can regard Francisco Suárez as a representative of the social-contracting theories developing in the period from 16th until 18th century. Suárez, who is more likely known for his metaphysical disputations, gives a really sophisticated formulation about the origin of the common society and the political power, where the key point is the word of the social consent. At the first time it seems that Suárez can be without difficulty considered as a modern period humanist like Thomas Hobbes, John Locke or lately Jean-Jacques Rousseau. As well as they, Suárez thinks that the independent human will has its unsubstitutable part in the origin of the political society. Nevertheless there is a large difference. While according to the mentioned humanists, the independent will is the only principle of the political power, Suárez thinks that this will is just the necessary condition meeting the human nature created by the God, that it is the true principle of the whole political power. Suarez's meaning of the social consent is then situated in the theological framework and is closely associated with the words of the nature and the transcendence. The result is that Suárez understands the state as a natural and moral organization and not as a...
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Schopenhauer and Nietzsche about human
Suchý, Radek ; Novák, Aleš (advisor) ; Chavalka, Jakub (referee)
Dissertation: Schopenhauer and Nietzsche about human Autor: Radek Suchý Annotation In my dissertation I endeavour to show the way how the 19th century german philosophers Schopenhauer and Nietzsche reflected various interesting issues that are significantly adherent to the human life. In so doing I try to place their respective views in such a mutual perspective so that both their characteristic uniqueness and peculiarity and their eventual affinity and contiguity would arise as clearly as possible. In the conclusion then I endeavour to show on the example of Schopenhauer what it can mean and imply if the man philosophizes about the man.
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