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Sexual exploitation through the eyes of youth workers
MAČÍ, Lucie
The subject of this thesis is qualitative research on sexual abuse from the perspective of troop leaders. The research on three participating troop leaders conducts interpretative phenomenological analysis of their perspectives on the issue of sexual risky behaviour within troops. The research findings reveal the role of the troop environment and troop culture, the severity of sexual abuse incidents for specific actors, particularly the victim, the aggressor, and the troop as a whole. The research findings point to an active prevention of sexual abuse through work with troop members, instructors and leaders, which can be supported by a society-wide debate and open communication, especially with the emerging young generation.
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Analýza výskytu a příčin zánětů vemene v chovu dojnic
MESTLOVÁ, Kristýna
Bovine mastitis is the most frequent, serious and costly disease of dairy cows. The thesis deals with the evaluation of the frequency of mastitis and its relation to the somatic cells counts in milk in two dairy herds. In addition, it concentrates knowledge in the area of their monitoring, prevention of occurrence and summarizes the most common causes, treatment options and economic impacts in dairy herds. Data from the period 2022 - 2023 were used for the evaluation. The first herd was composed of Czech Fleckvieh cattle cows, the second herd of Holstein dairy cows. In 2022, the average number of somatic cells (SCC) in the first herd was 270 thousand/ml, and in 2023 the number increased to 317 thousand/ml of milk. In the second herd, SCC in 2022 averaged 345 thousand/ml, and in 2023 it increased to 361 thousand/ml of milk. In the first herd with the number of mastitis, the arithmetic mean of PSB often rises. But this does not apply in the second herd. PSB was highest in both herds during the summer months. The average PSB in the Holstein cattle herd was overall higher than in the Czech Fleckvieh cattle herd, despite the fact that, according to the available information, prevention against mastitis is much more perfect in the Holstein herd. In both monitored herds, the highest number of cases occurred in the period from 101 to 200 days of lactation, and the fewest occurred in the period from 31 to 60 days of lactation. In both herds, there are dairy cows that do not show the clinical form of the disease, but have a permanently increased number of somatic cells. A total of 108 treated animals were recorded in the herd 1 and 108 cows in the herd 2, and the number of somatic cells at the time of developing the disease was not always authoritative.
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Malware: Behaviour, Detection and Prevention
Langer, Jakub ; Šedrlová, Magdalena (referee) ; Ellederová, Eva (advisor)
Tato bakalářská práce pojednává o formě počítačové kriminality, která využívá škodlivý software zvaný malware. Nastiňuje základy počítačových bezpečnostních hrozeb a vysvětluje relevantní pojmy a koncepty. Poté práce postupuje přes nejběžnější a nejnebezpečnější typy malwaru, přičemž každý z nich popisuje a zároveň začleňuje informace o tom, jak konkrétní druh malwaru ovlivnil svět. Práce se dále zabývá základy detekce malwaru a popisuje, jak se uživatelé mohou chránit pomocí preventivních technik. Cílem práce je vytvořit manuál, který by mohli použít běžní uživatelé počítačů ke své vlastní ochraně před malwarem.
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Roma women's attitudes towards reproductive health
KREJČOVÁ, Adéla
This bachelor's thesis deals with the attitudes of Roma women towards reproductive health. The goal was to find out what kind of the knowledge Roma women have about reproductive health. The bachelor thesis is divided into a theoretical and a practical part. In the theoretical part, the characteristics of the Roma ethnicity are described, where attention is paid to Roma history, family, traditions and customs and nursing care for Roma in individual subsections. Furthermore, the theoretical part deals with reproductive health. The menstrual cycle including menstrual aids, intercourse, promiscuity, contraception and its types were described in individual subsections. Furthermore, the subsections discuss pregnancy and getting pregnent subject, infertility, abortion and prevention in the field of reproductive health. The research part of the bachelor's thesis was carried out using semi-structured interviews, so it was processed using a qualitative method. Roma women of different ages were involved in data collection. The research survey took place from February to April 2024 and individual Roma women were identified as Ž1-Ž8. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the consent of the informants in a prearranged, quiet and pleasant place for the women. The obtained data, which was recorded on a voice recorder, was evaluated manually, using the "pencil-paper" method. Subsequently, categories and subcategories were created based on the obtained data. The first main category was Health and its prevention, which contained subcategories called Health and Reproductive Health, Doctor's Visits and Sexually Transmitted Diseases. The second main category was Safe Reproductive Life. This main category contained the subcategories Menstrual Cycle, Pregnancy, Contraception and Infertility. From the research investigation of the bachelor's thesis, it was found that informants Ž2, Ž4, Ž6, Ž7 and Ž8 visit the doctor only when they are diagnosed with an illness or health complication. Furthermore, it was found that women Ž2, Ž5, Ž7 and Ž8 perceive reproductive health as something, they can get pregnant and have a child. Their overall knowledge of reproductive health is basic.
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The influence of leisure time on socially pathological phenomena in lower secondary education
BOBROVÁ, Jana
The thesis deals with the influence of leisure time on socially pathological phenomena in pupils of the 2nd grade of primary school. The theoretical part describes the concept of leisure time and its meaning, as well as functions and factors that affect leisure time. Subsequently, it characterizes socially pathological phenomena, deals with the cause of these phenomena and their classification together with prevention. It also contains a research survey based on quantitative research. The aim of the thesis is to find out whether leisure time has an impact on socially pathological phenomena in pupils of the 2nd grade of primary school.
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Assistant teachers perspectives on the issues of bullying of children with special education needs
VAŇKOVÁ, Pavla
This dissertation focuses on the problematics of bullying of children with special educational needs from the point of view of the teacher's assistant. This dissertation is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part aims to define the expression of bullying, its forms and its participants. Furthermore it defines the expression of a child with special educational needs, it describes the use of support measures and the concept of inclusive education. The theoretical part also introduces contemporary measures for prevention and intervention of bullying at mainstream elementary schools. Additionally it focuses and discusses the job of the teacher's assistant and the possibilities of his or hers collaboration with the teacher and the classroom. The aim of the practical part is to determine the personal experiences of teacher's assistants with bullying of children with special educational needs and their possible role regarding prevention and intervention of bullying. Qualitative research in the form of semi-structured interviews with teacher's assistants at mainstream elementary schools was used as a data collection.
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Digital technology in the life of Czech schools
JANČIJOVÁ, Markéta
The bachelor thesis examines the perspectives of pedagogues and parents towards the growing trend of strengthening digital competencies among pupils and teachers at the primary level of elementary education. The theoretical segment of the thesis delves into the historical progression in gradual penetration of recognizing the significance of technology in education as reflected in legislative frameworks governing schools, alongside an elucidation of emerging concepts frequently discussed in the context of technology in education during the recent decade of digitalization in Czech education. The practical component of the research employs qualitative methodology, conducting semi-structured interviews within both regular elementary school environments and schools with alternative profiles.
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Atherosclerosis and cadiovascular risk in selected rheumatic diseases
Oreská, Sabína ; Tomčík, Michal (advisor) ; Horák, Pavel (referee) ; Soukup, Tomáš (referee)
Cardiovascular (CV) diseases due to atherosclerosis are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. CV risk in rheumatic patients is caused by both traditional and non- traditional risk factors associated with autoimmune diseases. Unlike the relatively more prevalent rheumatic disease, there is a lack of evidence on CV risk in rare rheumatic diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the CV risk in 90 patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM), compared to 180 healthy controls (HC) with similar age and gender distribution, without clinically manifested CV diseases. The results of this cross-sectional cohort study showed a significantly higher prevalence of traditional risk factors as well as of subclinical atherosclerosis in IIM compared to HC. In comparison to carotid ultrasonography, SCORE, SCORE2, and modified SCORE was proved to underestimate the CV risk, while SCORE2 appeared to be the most accurate. The most severe CV risk profile was observed in patients with statin-induced necrotizing myopathy. Overall, higher CV risk in IIM was associated with higher age, disease activity, body composition parameters, and higher blood pressure values. We confirmed a higher CV risk as well as a higher prevalence of traditional risk factors in patients with IIM compared to the...
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Moral criminality and its prevention
Janů, Veronika ; Bohuslav, Lukáš (advisor) ; Říha, Jiří (referee)
Moral criminality and its prevention Abstract The aim of the thesis dealing with moral criminality and its prevention is to provide a comprehensive overview of this type of crime. In particular, the thesis focuses on the impact of these crimes, which account for only 2% of the total registered crime in 2023, on the victim and presents questions on how best to protect the victim or prevent the crime from being committed. The thesis initially defines the basic concepts related to moral criminality. It also addresses the question of what morality is and how it affects the commission of sexually motivated crime. It then examines the legal regulation of moral criminality within the Czech legal system, with an emphasis on Act No. 40/2009 Coll., the Criminal Code. Within the framework of international regulation, it covers a range of international institutions, focusing mainly on documents of the United Nations, the European Union and the Council of Europe related to moral criminality. A large part of this chapter is devoted to the issue of ratification of the Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence Against Women and Domestic Violence, also known as the Istanbul Convention. The fourth to sixth chapters analyse in more detail the individual offences falling under the heading of moral...
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Tolerogenic dendritic cells as immune interventions in prevention or therapy of type 1 diabetes
Petrovčíková, Diana ; Funda, David (advisor) ; Hrdý, Jiří (referee)
The main aim of this work is to refer a recent summary of the opportunities and pitfalls of the application of tolerogenic dendritic cells in the prevention or therapy of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Tolerogenic dendritic cells (TolDCs) represent a potential tool for the treatment of allergies, transplant rejections and autoimmune diseases, including T1D, due to their capability to specifically inhibit autoimmune reactions without causing general immunosuppression. TolDCs represent a specific group of dendritic cells and are essential in establishing central and peripheral tolerance. This work presents a helpful guide to better understanding the physiology of tolerogenic DCs and an overview of in vitro generation attempts. In addition, the route of application and migration to target organs has been described. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic disease resulting from immune-mediated destruction of the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. Animal models have been invaluable in testing innovative medical treatments since the early testing of insulin in dogs almost a century ago. Animal models of type 1 diabetes (T1D) enable the study of the mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis and the potential development of therapeutic interventions. However, there are still significant gaps in our general...
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