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Synthesis of ligands and reductive coupling catalysts
Žáková, Andrea ; Hulla, Martin (advisor) ; Schulz, Jiří (referee)
This thesis investigates Frustrated Lewis pair hydrogenation catalysts for the use in reductive amination reactions. A series of tin complexes using Schiff base ligands was synthetized. Their ability to act as Lewis acids in Frustrated Lewis pair catalysis was disclosed by series of experiment including Gutmann Beckett method, H2 activation using high pressure NMR measurements and hydrogenation catalytic testing. Synthetized ditriflate and monotriflate complexes were proven to reversibly activate H2 at room temperature and 60 řC respectively. All of the synthetized compounds successfully mediated imine hydrogenation confirming Frustrated Lewis pairs catalysis.
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An emission reduction systems for vehicles with gasoline engines
Filip, Josef ; Fridrichová, Kateřina (referee) ; Böhm, Michael (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with ways for emission reduction of passenger cars with an ignition engine. The introduction describes the principle of combustion, the methods of preparation of the ignition mixture and pollutants that arise during the combustion. In the main part of the work, the individual specific provisions for reducing emissions used in modern vehicles are analyzed in detail. Further the examples of current emission systems for several selected cars are presented. All the findings are summarized in the following chapter. In the next part, own configuration of the emission system is described in detail, which is designed with the regard to maximum efficiency in reducing emissions. The summary together with the evaluation of the current situation and the outline of the possible direction for further development in this area are in the last part of this work.
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An aftertreatment system for the passenger vehicles with a gasoline engine
Hána, Michal ; Fridrichová, Kateřina (referee) ; Böhm, Michael (advisor)
This thesis concentrates on the issue of reducing emissions from passenger vehicles with a gasoline engine. The introduction describes the individual emission components, their origin and impact on the environment and human organism. The main part of the thesis concentrates on possibilities of reducing emissions. The function and design solution for each component of the emission system is described. Furthermore, the specific solutions for several selected representatives from diverse vehicles categories are stated. These solutions are evaluated and custom configuration is designed given the selected parameters. In the conclusion are summarised the results of the thesis.
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Ignition engine emissions
Semela, Lukáš ; Píštěk, Václav (referee) ; Kaplan, Zdeněk (advisor)
This thesis deals with emissions of ignition engines. The introduction acquaints the reader with the history and lays out the reasons why it is a crucial topic to be dealt with. Furthermore, the term emission is being explained as well as the description of its chemical composition, the impact on the environment and human organism. The method of measuring is also mentioned in this thesis. Then the explanation continues with European Union’s current legislation. The whole thesis is concluded with information on the additional modification of emissions and chapter that outlines the future of automobiles regarding the environment.
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Exhaust Manifold for 600ccm Engine
Řezáč, Vojtěch ; Beran, Martin (referee) ; Svída, David (advisor)
In this bachelor’s thesis I am comparing affect of different exhaust mufflers on parameters of Yamaha FZ6 Fazer’s motorcycle engine. I am focusing on power, torque, volumetric efficiency, brake measure effective pressure and brake-specific fuel consumption. Theese data were taken from simulations made in special software. Theese parameters are measured for three types of exhaust mufflers, original, tuned by Devil company with catalytic converter and without catalytic converter. Result of this thesis is to compare simulated data for two types of motorcycle riders, one who prefers touring style of riding and for one who prefers sport style of riding
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Pressure loss of catalyst carriers
Linda, Matúš ; Kilkovský, Bohuslav (referee) ; Jecha, David (advisor)
The diploma thesis is divided into four main parts. The first part deals with the issue of waste management and its energy utilization in waste incineration. Processed harmful substances produced by incineration as well as emission limits. It deals with the types of catalytic carriers, their description, production and more detailed processing of ceramic foam VUKOPOR. The second part is devoted to technologies utilizing catalytic processes and a more detailed specification of the process. In the third part there is processed the calculation methods for pressure losses for individual types of carriers. Fourth, the most extensive part describes the INTEQII experimental device, its technology and construction, as well as the principle of the practical part, measuring of the pressure losses of carriers. It includes the evaluation of pressure losses in separate categories of carriers, such as the bed, HoneyComb and VUKOPOR ceramic foam. Subsequently, a comparison of the pressure losses of all carriers is made relative to the reference size of 1 m. The impact of bonding of VUKOPOR foam samples on the size of pressure losses is discussed. At the end of this section, the suitability of calculation methods for individual carriers is evaluated, depending on the experimental pressure loss data.
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Study of 3-phase catalytic layers for polymer electrolyte fuel cells and electrolysers
Fuka, Šimon ; Matolínová, Iva (advisor) ; Khalakhan, Ivan (referee)
Title: Study of 3-phase catalytic layers for polymer electrolyte fuel cells and electrolysers Author: Šimon Fuka Department: Department of Surface and Plasma Science Supervisor: doc. Mgr. Iva Matolínová, Dr., Department of Surface and Plasma Science Abstract: The diploma thesis focuses on the study of catalytic layers for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) or electrolyzers based on the mixture of platinum and cerium oxide. These layers are prepared by using magnetron sputtering, their properties are studied depending on the deposition parameters or the choice of the substrate by using SEM, AFM, XPS and then tested as an anode in the fuel cell. In addition to the morphology of the catalytic layers, it has been shown that the dispersion of very small nanoparticles of the catalyst with a size of 1-2 nm has a great effect on PEMFC performance. Most of the prepared samples gave maximal and maximal specific performance much higher than the state of art values published for Pt-CeOx system. By studying properties of the layers used as the anode catalysts, this work contributes to the understanding of PEMFC fuel cell behavior and, consequently, to its potential commercialization. Keywords: Fuel cell, cerium oxide, platinum, catalyst, magnetron sputtering
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Chiral recognition by mass spectrometry
Kosíková, Lenka ; Roithová, Jana (advisor) ; Bednář, Petr (referee)
Title: Chiral recognition by mass spectrometry Author: Bc. Lenka Kosíková Department: Department of Organic Chemistry Supervisor: doc. Mgr. Jana Roithová, Ph.D. This work is focused on the use of mass spectrometry as the analytical method for chiral recognition in the gas phase. We have examined formation of complexes (S and R) isomers [dimethyl-2,2'-dihydroxy-1,1'binaphthalene-3,3'-dicarboxylate] with sodium. Chiral effect for the fomation of sodium dimers is 1,34±0,06 and that for formation of trimers 2,38±0,22 in favor of the formation of homochiral complexes. Part of the work is devoted to the preparation of isotopically labeled ester [(R)-(−)- di(D3-methyl)-2,2'-dihydroxy-1,1'binaphthalene-3,3'-dicarboxylate]. Mixing of equimolar amounts of D3-(R) and unlabeled (S) isomers leads to the artificial racemate, while we can still distinguish the enantiomers using mass spectrometry. Another part represents the study of the complex formation between (S and R) isomers of [dimethyl-2,2'-dihydroxy-1,1'binaphthalene-3,3'-dicarboxylate] with the metal complex [(S,S)-1,5-diaza-cis-decalin]Cu(OH)I depending on the molar ratios in the solution. I have showed that the molar concetration of the catalyst in the solution plays an important role in the complex formation and that the ESI source spectra of...
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Nonplatinum catalysts for polymer exchange membrane fuel cells
Talába, Michal ; Chladil, Ladislav (referee) ; Novák, Vítězslav (advisor)
This work brings a study about non-platinum catalysts, alkaline membranes and methods that interprets catalytic activity. Work deals with a research on non-platinum catalysts based on MnO2 with addition of support substances, measuring of their properties using cyclic voltammetry and hydrodynamics theory. Also a fuel cell measurement of catalytic materials on PVA membrane is executed. The outcome of this work is evaluation of voltammetry and fuel cell measurements. The results of all methods are compared too.
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